1、新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲1四级基础精品词汇讲义主讲：任志远欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材大学词汇常用的前缀和后缀1. 常用前缀aero-: concerning the air of aircraftplane-aeroplanespace-aerospaceanti-: against: opposite ofnuclear-antinuclearmatter-antimatterwar-antimatterauto-: of or by oneselfbiography-autobiographycriticism-autocriticismbe-: to tre
2、at as the stated thingfriend-befriendlittle-belittlebi-: two; twice; doublelingual-bilingualcycle-bicyclebio-: concerning living thingschemistry-biochemistrysphere-biosphereby-, bye-: less importantproduce-by-produceway-bywaycenti-: hundredth partgrade-centigrademeter-centimeterco-: together, withau
3、thor-coauthorexist-coexistcol-: (used before l) together, withlocation-collocationcom-(used before b, m, p) together, withpassion-compassioncon-: together, withcentric-concentric新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲2federation-confederationcontra-: oppositediction-contradictionnatural-contranaturalcor-: (used
4、 before r) together, withrelate-correlaterespond-correspondcounter-: oppositeact-counteractattack-counterattackcross-: across; going between the stated things and joining themcountry-crosscountrybreed-crossbreedde-:showing an opposite;to remove;to reducecode-decodevalue-devaluedis-: not; the opposit
5、e ofadvantage-disadvantageagree-disagreehonest-dishonestem-:(used before b, m, p ) to cause to becamebody-embodypower-empoweren-: to cause to become; to makedanger-endangerlarge-enlargeex-: former (and still living )minister-ex-ministerwife-ex-wifeextra-: outside; beyondcurricular-extracurricularord
6、inary-extraordinaryfore-: in advance,before; in or an the frontarm-forearmwarn-forewarnil-: (used before l ) notlegal-illegalliterate-illiterateim-: (used before b, m, p ) notmoral-immoralpossible-impossiblein-: notdirect-indirectsensitive-insensitiveinfra-: below in a range; beyondred-infraredstruc
7、ture-infrastructureinter-: between; amongchange-interchangenational-internationalintra-: inside, within; intocity-intracitydepartment-intra-departmentir-: (used before r ) notregular-irregularresponsible-irresponsiblekilo-: thousandgram-kilogrammeter-kilometermacro-: large,esp.concerning a whole sys
8、tem rather than particular parts ofeconomics-macroeconomicsstructure-macrostructuremal-: bad or badlyfunction-malfunctiontreat-maltreatmicro-: extremely smallcomputer-microcomputer新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲3electronics-microelectronicsmid-: middleday-middaynight-midnightmini-: small; shortbus-minib
9、usskirt-miniskirtmis-: bad or badly ; wrong or wronglyfortune-misfortuneunderstand-misunderstandmono-: one; singleplane-monoplanetone-monotonemulti-: more than one; manypurpose-multipurposenational-multinationalnon-: notresident-non(-)residentsense-nonsenseout-: outside; beyondlive-outlivedoor-outdo
10、orover-: too much; above; additionalhead-overheadtime-overtimepoly-: manycentric-polycentricsyllabic-polysyllabicpost-: later than; aftergraduate-postgraduatewar-postwarpre-:before; in advancepay-prepaywar-prewarpro-: in favor of, supportingAmerica-pro-Americaabortion-pro-abortionpseudo-: not real;
11、falsename-pseudonymscience-pseudosiciencere-: again; back to the former stateuntie-reuniteuse-reuseself-: by means of oneself or inself; of, to, with, for, or inoneself or itselfemployed-self-employedtaught-self-taughtsemi-: half; partlycircle-semicirclefinal-semifinalstep-: not by birth but through
12、 a parent who has remarriedmother-stepmotherchildren-stepchildrensub-: under, below; less important; part of the stated biggerwholedivide-subdividesection-subsectionsuper-: more, larger, greader than usualmarket-supermarkernatural-supernaturaltele-: at or over a long distance; by or for televisionco
13、mmunication-telecommunicationscreen-telescreentherm(o)-: concerning heat新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲4chemistry-thermochemistrymeter-thermometertrans-: across, on or to the other side of; betweenAtlantic-transatlanticplant-transplanttri-: three; three timesangular-triangularcycle-tricycleultra-: beyon
14、d; very, extremelymodern-ultramodernsound-ultrasoundun-: notcertain-uncertainfortunate-unfortunateunder-: too little; belowdevelop-underdevelopsea-undersrauni-: one, singerform-uniformdirectional-unidirectionalcice-: next in the rank; belowchairman-vice-chairmanpresident-vice-president2. 常用后缀（1）名词后缀
15、-ability, -ibilityable-abilityflexible-flexibility-agepost-postageshort-shortage-alarrive-arrivalrefuse-refusal-an, -ian, -arianlibrary-librarianmusic-musician-ance, -enceappear-appearancerefer-reference-ancy, -encyemerge-emergencyexpect-expectancy-arit, -entapply-applicantcorrespond-correspindent-c
16、yaccurate-accuratcyprivate-privacy-domking-kingdomfree-freedom-eeemploy-employeeinterview-interviewee-er, -or, -arpaint-painterbeg-beggar-crybrave-braveryslave-slavery-eseChina-ChinaeseJapan-Japanese-essactor-actoress新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲5waiter-waiteress-fulhand-handfulspoon-spoonful-hoodchil
17、d-childhoodman-manhood-icselectron-electronicslinguist-linguistics-ion, -ition, -ationcollect-collectionobserve-observation-ismMarx-Marxismsocialist-socialism-istpsychiatry-psychiatristviolin-violinist-ity, -tycruel-crueltypure-purity-mentmove-movementretire-retirement-nessdark-darknesshappy-happine
18、ss-ologyclimate-climatologyfuture-futureology-shipfriend-friendshipscholar-scholarship-sion, -ssiondecide-decisionexpand-expansion-thgrow-growthwide-width-ureclose-closureexpose-exposure（2）动词前缀-endeep-deepenfast-fasten-ifyclass-classifysimple-simplify-ize, -isemodern-modernize/modernisepopular-popul
19、arize/popularize（3）形容词后缀-able, -iblesuit-suitablequestion-questionable-alnature-naturalstructure-structural-an, -arian, -iansuburb-suburbanCanada-Canadian-ant, -entdiffer-differentplease-pleasant新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲6-ary, -oryadvise-advisorycustom-customary-ateconsider-consideratefortune-fort
20、unate-engold-goldenwood-wooden-eseChina-ChineseJapan-Japanese-freecarecarefreeduty-duty-free-fulcare-carefulpain-painful-ic, -icalatom-atomicpsychology-psychological-ishgirl-girlishchild-childish-ivecreate-creativesupport-supportive-lesshope-hopelesspain-painless-likechild-childlikelady-ladylike-lym
21、an-manlymonth-monthly-ous, -iousdanger-dangerouspoison-poisonous-sometire-tiresometrouble-troublesome-warddown-downwardup-upward-yguilt-guiltynoise-noisy（4）副词后缀-lyeasy-easilyheavy-heavily-ward, -wardseast-eastward(s)north-nortward(s)-wiseclock-clockwiseother-otherwise新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲7四级高频
22、前缀 （prefix）1. inter=between, among 变化型：enter-, intel- 如：interfere, interval, interview, entertain2. en=in, into, on, at, near 进入某种状态，使，使成为 变化型：em-如：enable, enclose, encourage, engage, enlarge3. dis=apart, away, not 表出去，剥夺，反对及加强语气作用。变化型：de-, des-,di-, s- 如：distinguish, dispute, dismiss, dispel, disca
23、rd, disturb4. re=again, back, against 变化型：red-, ren- 如：remind, reflect, refine, resolve, reaction, resist5. com=together, with, wholly 变化型：co-, col-, comb-, con-, cor-, cor-, coun-如：combine, comfort, coexist, collect, correct, conclude, counsel, council6. pre=before如：preside, precede, prevail, prelu
24、de7. per=through, thoroughly, away 变化型：par-, pel-, pil-如：perfect, persist, permit, perform, perspective, persuade, pardon8. pro=for, before, forth, forward 向前，赞成。变化型：pur, pr-(pro-的变体)如：profound, proceed, purpose, prominent9. ex=out of, fully 变化型： a-, e-, ec-, ef-, es-, iss-, s-如：exhibit, sample, ele
25、ct, escape10. trans-beyond, across, over 变化型：tran-, tra-, tres-如: transfer, transform, transmit, transport, transparent11. fore=before如：forearm, forefather, foresee, foretell, foreword, forecast新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲812. tele=far off如：telegram, telephone, television, telescope13. un=not 在名词，形容词
26、，副词前，表示“否定”如：unable, undo, unlike, unlikely14. sub=under如：substitute, submerge, succeed15. mono-=single, sole, alone 变化型：mon-如：monologue, monopoly, monotony, monarch, monk16. op, ob=near; against如：oppose, obvious, obtain, opportunity, observe, object17. uni=one如：unique, uniform, universe, unity18. c
27、ounter=against 变化型： contra, anti如：counteract, counterpart, encounter, contrary四级高频后缀（ Suffix）1. 常用名词后缀列表后缀 中英文释义 例词-acy state or quality of状态或性质 privacy 隐私accuracy 精确-age acton or state of行动或状态 shortage 短缺advantage 优势-al relating to关于，与相关 refusal 拒绝arrival 到达-an, -ian one who的人 guardian 监护人American
28、美国人-ance, -ence state of quality of状态或性质 independence 独立performance 表演-ant, -ent one who的人 dependant 侍从resident 居民-ary place for, dealing with的地点，用于 library 图书古纳dictionary 字典-dom place, condition地点，状态 kingdom 王国freedom 自由-ee one who receives an action动作的承受者 employee 雇员trainee 受训员-er, -ar, -or one wh
29、o or a thing that的人或工具 farmer 农夫beggar 乞丐新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲9cooker 厨具tractor 拖拉机actor 演员-ese, -er, -ian inhabitant of的居民Chinese 中国人southerner 南方人Canadian 加拿大人-ess one who, female的人，女性 actress 女演员hostess 女主人-hood state or condition of状态或条件 childhood 童年boyhood 少年时代-ing a noun名词 feeling 感觉，感情b
30、uilding 建筑-ion, -tion state or quality of状态或性质 union 联盟pronunciation 发音-sion state or quality of状态或性质 decision 决定revision 修改，校订-ism state or quality of状态或性质 realism 现实主义capitalism 资本主义-ist, -tist one who的人 realist 现实主义者scientist 科学家-ity, -ty state or quality of状态或性质 reality 现实specialty 特产，专业-ment st
31、ate or quality of状态或性质 government 政府movement 运动-ness state or quality of状态或性质 attractiveness 魅力illness 疾病-ship state or quality of状态或性质 friendship 友谊sponsorship 赞助-th state or quality of状态或性质 truth 真理warmth 温暖-ure state or quality of状态或性质 failure 失败pleasure 快乐2. 常用形容词后缀列表后缀 中英文释义 例词-able, -ible able
32、 to be能的 suitable 合适的responsible 负责任的-al relating to与有关的 national 民族的original 原来的-ant, -ent having the nature of具有性质的 dominant 支配的independent 独立的-ar,-ic,-ish having the nature of具有性质的familiar 熟悉的historic 历史上著名的boyish 孩子气的-en state or quality of golden 金子的新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲10有的状态或质地的 broken
33、打碎了的-fic having the nature of具有性质的 specific 明确的scientific 科学的-ful full of充满的 careful 小心的helpful 有帮助的-ive, -ative having the nature of具有性质的 attractive 有魅力的talkative 健谈的-less without, free of无的，缺乏的 careless 粗心的homeless 无家可归的-ous having the nature of具有性质的 famous 著名的hazardous 危险的-tious, -cious having th
34、e nature of具有性质的 ambitious 有野心的suspicious 怀疑的-ious having the nature of具有性质的 anxious 焦急的furious 狂怒的-some having the nature of具有性质的 troublesome 麻烦的quarrelsome 好争吵的-ward direction朝向的 upward 向上southward 向南3. 常用动词后缀列表后缀 中英文释义 例词-ate -to make, to cause使，造成 activate 刺激animate 鼓舞-en to make or to cause to
35、do使，造成 soften 软化deepen 加深-fy, -ify to make or to cause to do使，造成 beautify 美化simplify 简化-ize, -ise to make, act like使，像一样活动 modernize 使现代化advertise 做广告4. 常用副词后缀列表后缀 中英文释义 例词ly in a certain manner以某种方式 quickly 迅速地skillfully 熟练地-ward direction方向 forward 向前inward 内向新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲11大学四级高频熟词僻
36、义单词 熟义 僻义act v.行动，举止，表演，见效n.行为n.法令，一幕address n.地址vt.（在信封或包裹上）写姓名地址n.演说，谈吐vt.对。 。 。发表演说，称呼，对付advance v.提前，提出建议等adj.预先的，先行的n.进展v.前进，提高，上涨，预先发放n.预付款等age n.年龄，时代 n.老年，常 pl.很长的一段时间v.(使)变老，(使)成熟aim n.目标，目的 n. 嵌入; 登载 vi.雇用；用；使忙于 n.受雇者，雇员，雇工 n.雇佣者，雇主 n.工业；雇用；使用 vt.放大，增强；扩大 n.用具，器具，器械 a.能应用的；适当的 n.请求，申请；施用 v
37、t.使复杂；使陷入 a.复杂的，难懂的 n.含义，暗示，暗指 n.简单，简易；朴素 vt.简化，使单纯 ad.简单地；朴素地 vt.压，按，揿；催促 n.压力；压力；压，按 vt.压紧，压缩 vt.使沮丧；按下 express expression impress impression impressive oppress fam fame famous familiar dict contradiction dictate dictation dictionary predict dit addition additional condition edition editor gen gen
38、erate generation generator genius vt.表示 n.快车，快递 n.词句；表达；表情 vt.给深刻印象 n.印；印象；印记 a.给人印象深刻的 vt.压迫，压制；压抑 n.名声，名望 a.著名的，出名的 a.熟悉的；冒昧的 n.矛盾，不一致；否认 vt. 干(坏事) n.委员会；全体委员 n.小姐 vt.未看到；惦念 n.发射物；导弹 a.缺掉的，失去的 n.使命，任务；使团 n.允许，许可，同意 n.传送；传动；发射 n.允许进入；承认 n.委任状；委员会 vt.不再考虑；解雇 vt.移动；感动 n.动 n.动作，活动；移动 n.电影；电影院 n.移动；迁移；
39、除掉 vt.移动，搬开；脱掉 新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲29mob automobile mobile mot motion motivate motive motor emotion emotional locomotive promote remote sec second second secondary secondly sequ consequence consequently sequence subsequent sent absent n.汽车，机动车 a.运动的；流动的 n.运动；手势；提议 vt.促动；激励，激发 n.动机，目的 n.发动机；机动
40、车 n.情感，感情；激动 a.感情的，情绪的 n.火车头，机车 vt.促进，发扬；提升 a.相隔很远的；冷淡的 num.第二 a.二等的 n.秒 a.第二的；次要的 ad.第二(点) ；其次 n.结果，后果 ad.因此，因而，所以 n.连续，继续；次序 a.随后的，后来的 a.不在场的；缺乏的 absence essential present present present presently represent representative consent sentence sen sense sensible sensitive scent sentence senate senior
41、path sympathetic sympathize sympathy passi passion passive pati patience n.缺席，不在场；缺乏 a.必要的，本质的 a.现在的 n.目前 vt.赠送; 介绍; 提出 n.礼物，赠送物 ad.一会儿；目前 vt.描绘；代表；象征 a.代表性的 n.代表 n.同意，赞成 vi.同意 n.判决；句子 vt.宣判 n.感官；感觉；见识 a.感觉得到的；明智的 a.敏感的；灵敏的 n.气味，香味；香水 n.判决；句子 vt.宣判 n.参议院，上院 a.年长的；地位较高的 a.同情的；和谐的 vi.同情；同感，共鸣 n.同情；一致，
42、同感 n.激情，热情；爱好 a.被动的；消极的 n.忍耐，容忍，耐心 新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 四级基础精品词汇讲30patient impatient sid residence resident consider considerable considerate consideration sed sedate sediment supersede sess assess possess possession session sist assist assistant consist consistent insist persist resist resistance resi
43、stant a.忍耐的 n.病人 a.不耐烦的，急躁的 n.居住；驻扎；住处 a.居住的 n.居民 vt.认为；考虑；关心 a.相当大的；重要的 a.考虑周到的；体谅的 n.考虑，思考；体贴 adj.安排的；静肃的 n.沉积,沉淀 vt.替代 vt.对(财产等) 估价 vt.占用，拥有(财产) n.有，所有；占有物 n.会议，一段时间 vt.援助，帮助；搀扶 n.助手，助理；助教 vi.由组成；在于 a.坚持的，一贯的 vi.坚持；坚持要求 vi.坚持，固执；持续 vt.&vi.抵抗，抵制 n.抵抗；抵制；抵抗力 a.抵抗的，反抗的 system systematic(al) transist
44、or sta state state statement statesman static station statistical statue status gram diagram gramme grammar grammatical kilogram program telegram graph geography graph paragraph photograph photographic telegraph vis n.系统，体系；制度 a.有系统的；有计划的 n.晶体管 n.状态；国家；州 vt.陈述，说明，阐明 n.陈述，声明 n.政治家，国务活动家 a.静的；静态的 n.站，台，所，局 a.统计的，统计学的 n.塑像，雕像，铸像 n.地位，身分 n.图解，图表，简图 n.克(重量单位) n.语法；语法书 a.语法上的 n.千
