1、12014 年寒假高一英语自主学习讲义（一）【基础知识训练】一、根据汉语意思或首字母提示用本单元单词的适当形式填空。1.The Harry Potter films are such _（令人愉快的）films that children all over the world love them.enjoyable复习：enjoy + doing2.Dina had _（努力）for months to find a job as a secretary, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency.struggled复习
2、：struggle to do 努力做某事struggle 也可作为名词 ,意思是“难事” ，如：It was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names. (M1U1 Page 2, Lines 18-19)3._ （雕像） made by a Berlin artist which look like ducks, were set in the shopping malls.Sculptures4.The parents are often _ （告知） of the students grades at school af
3、ter mid-term examinations.informed2复习：inform somebody of / about something 通知某人某事； keep somebody informed of / about something 随时告知某人某事如：We also give messages to inform the parents of events such as outings and school plays. (M1U1 Page 18, Lines 16-17)5.The news that was _（广播）on the radio surprised
4、us all.broadcast(ed)6.Many modern facilities like the canteen, the car park, the science laboratory are a_ for all the students and teachers.available adj. 可得的，可用的be available for + n.7.Comparing Chinese culture with overseas cultures is a c_ job, but you will learn a lot from it.challenging adj. 有挑
5、战的注意：句中 compare 意为“比较” ，用法是compare A with B“把 A 与 B 作比较”8.Much to his s_, his son achieved the highest grade in the math exam last week.satisfaction 名词“满意 ”复习：动词 satisfy“使满意”形容词 satisfied “感到满意的”, 3be satisfied with something形容词 satisfying“令人满意的 ”此外，同学们还要掌握 much to ones + n.这个结构， “很让某人的是”,如:to ones
6、surprise / to ones disappointment / to ones delight (高兴) / to ones relief (宽慰)9.Her parents dont a_ of her going to study in the USA alone.approve此处，approve of 意为 “赞成，同意”10. After he answered my first question in f_ Spanish, he took out a camera from one bag and took a photograph of me.fluent adj. 流
7、利的二、用括号里所给动词适当形式填空1.Within a few days she became seriously ill, _（suffer）great pain and discomfort.suffering这个句子我们可以理解为： she became seriously ill and she suffered great pain and discomfort.分析句子结构，我们发现主语 she 和动词suffer 之间是主谓关系，那么我们填分词的时候就用 V-ing 形式。2.We will keep you _（inform）of all 4developments of o
8、ur country. informed3.Students suggested that our school _（broadcast）light music during break times.(should) broadcast这个地方同学们要注意：suggest 意为“建议”时，其后的 that 从句要用 should + 动词原形的形式，should 可以省略。4.He hates to walk so far to the company every day and is considering _（ change）his job. changing此处我们复习 consider
9、 的用法：1） consider + doing “考虑做某事”2） consider somebody to be / do “认为某人是/做某事”5.Tom is planning to buy a car. By next month, he _（save）enough for a used car (一辆二手车).will have saved这是一道时态题。通常，by + 将来时间，用 will have done; by + 现在时间，用 have / has done; by + 过去时间，用 had done6.Yesterday he _（catch ）in a heavy
10、rain and as a result, he fell ill. 5was caught be caught in 是一个词组，意为“突然遭遇”7.The old man _（prefer）sitting in the sun doing nothing to walking around the garden in his late years.preferred复习：prefer A to Bprefer doing A to doing Bprefer to do A rather than do B8.We had only _（limit）communion with the n
11、atives for we were not able to understand their language.limited adj. 有限的9.Being too poor, the peasant had to sell his blood to feed his _（starve ） family. starving adj. 挨饿的，饥饿的10. He _（bend）on computer games, caring nothing about his lessons so he failed again to pass the exam. was bentbe bent on (
12、doing) something 为固定词组“专心于；醉心于” 三、用方框里所给的短语的适当形式填空。as well as, for free, in charge of, devote oneself to, 6think about, informof, sound like, bring back, earn respect from, look back on1.They let me have these potatoes _ in order to express their thanks to me for all I have done.for free 免费地2.She _
13、helping those who were in poor areas so that she had little time to stay with her family.devoted herself to devote oneself to (doing) something “献身于; 专心致志地做某事”3.Although this may _ a simple task, great care is needed.sound like 听起来像4.Old people often gather and _ some old friends and events.look bac
14、k on 回顾5.You should study hard to _ your teachers and classmates.earn respect from 从那里赢得尊重6.They own a house in Sanya _ a villa in Lijiang.as well as 和，也，还有这句话的意思是：他们不但在丽江有一栋别墅，在三亚还有一栋房子。7.You can borrow my bike if you promise to 7_ it _ tomorrow.bring back 带回8.Its very kind of you to _ us _ the cha
15、nge of your address.inform of9.Mrs. Gates works in the city, _ the Education Department.in charge of 负责，掌管10. Im interested in buying the new house, but Id like more time to _ it before making a decision.think about 考虑，思考四、句子翻译1 狗不仅仅是人类的宠物，他们还是我们的好朋友。 （more than）Dogs are more than human beings pets,
16、 and they are also our good friends.2 男孩子们一写完作业，就冲出去踢足球了。（upon doing sth）Upon finishing their homework, (the) boys rushed out to play football.3 汤姆要在这么短的时间里完成这个任务真不容易。 （a real struggle for）It is a real struggle for Tom to finish the task in such a short time.4 他们经常回顾一起度过的日子。 （look back 8on）They ofte
17、n look back on the days they spent together.5 汤姆把所有的业余时间都用来弹钢琴。（devoteto）Tom devotes all his spare / free time to playing the piano.【综合能力提升】一、单项填空15 BCDAC 610AAACD 1115 ABBCB注意：第 1 题要掌握以下几点:fun 是不可数名词，常见搭配为 what fun (多么有趣 ); have fun (玩得开心); (just) for fun (为了好玩)fun 也可以当形容词使用，意为“有趣的”如：Cooking was re
18、ally fun as I learnt how to buy, prepare and cook food. (M1U1 Page 3, Lines31-32)第 2、4、5、7、10、11、12 题均为词义辨析题。somewhat 稍微，有点 somehow 不知怎地anyhow 无论如何，不管怎样more than 不仅仅 less than 少于9other than 除了 rather than 而不是neithernor既不也不eitheror要么要么.whether or不管还是notbut不是 而是 mix up 混淆，弄乱 fix up 安排；修理pick up 捡起 sho
19、w up 出现go through 经历，经受get through 通过；完成live through 经历某事而存活look through 审核；浏览Some fresh students will _ _ a difficult time finding their own way to win others respect. （期末考试 No.86）第 3 题同学们要知道以下三个词组：used to do 过去常常做某事be used to doing 习惯于做某事be used to do 被用来做某事 6. The scientists and technicians overc
20、ame a lot of difficulty that they had in developing the personal computer.have difficulty in doing something“做某事有10困难”overcome difficulty “克服困难”9. Every time _/_they met, they would talk several hours together about the persons and things _they remember in the middle school.every time 这里引导一个时间状语从句，“
21、每一次的时候”;当先行词既有人又有物的时候,关系代词用that.祈使句的反义疑问句常用 will you；但是有一个特例：Lets go to see the film, shall we?二、完形填空1620 CABBA 2125 BADBB 2630 CADDA 3135 BCBCB【16】C 考查动词。 Mr.Wood 从办公室里带来一些工作。take 带走 ;carry 搬运;bring带来;fetch 去取,去拿。 【17】A 考查定语从句。keep sb. busy with.一直忙于。【18】B 考查副词。Mr.Wood 住在楼下,后文提到他跑到楼上去制止邻居的聚会可知噪音是从上
22、面传出来的。【19】B 考查形容词。这时已经是晚上十11一点,Mr.Wood 又做了几个小时的工作 ,因此感到很劳累。【20】A 考查形容词。 根据后文他没有睡觉而是在读书可知他已知道睡觉很难。 It is useless doing【21】B 考查动词。 find.doing.发现正在做。【22】A 考查动词。 他把头埋进枕头里是为了不让自己听到楼上传出的噪音。【23】D 考查副词。 even so 即便如此。 【24】B 考查副词。shut off 使隔绝。即便如此,也不能隔绝楼上传出的噪音。【25】B 考查连词。 after 为介词,后引导宾语从句,从句中缺主语,故用 what。看起来好
23、像有几个小时的样子。【26】D 考查名词。考查试了几种方法后依然受到噪音的干扰不能入睡时,他便失去了耐心。 【27】A 考查动词短语。根据后文Mr.Wood 又回去换衣服可知,他第一次穿得很随意,只是随手拿了件衣服。dress up 打扮得整整齐齐;select 精心挑选, 这两个词(短语) 与下文意思不符。wear 表状态,本句是用 and连接几个表示动作的并列谓语动词,故也可排除。12【28】D 考查副词。前文提到 Mr.Wood 失去了耐心,决定一定要制止楼上的噪音。firmly 坚定地。 【29】D 考查动词短语。 make fun of.取笑;stare at 瞪;be angry
24、with.对生气,这三个词与下文意思不符,可排除。catch sight of 看见。 【30】A 考查介词。 come across 此处意思为:越过来到,过来。 【31】B 考查连词。 Mr.Wood 还没来得及开口,晚会的主人便向他发出了邀请。 【32】C 考查动词搭配。根据后面Mr.Wood 回家换衣服再来参加聚会可知此处是晚会的主人邀请 Mr.Wood 参加聚会。【33】B 考查情态动词。晚会的主人知道开晚会会打扰 Mr.Wood,故排除 A、C 、D项。must 语气不行,此处用 would 比较委婉地表达晚会主人的想法。【34】C 考查名词。 send.an invitation
25、向发出邀请。【35】B 考查动词。根据后文的 properly dressed 可知 Mr Wood 是回去换衣服了。三、阅读理解A13In the USA, many high schools and some colleges and universities have a special celebration（庆典）once a year called Homecoming. Former students and teachers come back to the school to enjoy the memories of their time there and the man
26、y Homecoming activities. Homecoming might last for only one day or for several days, even one week.High schools usually choose one boy and one girl from the senior class to be the “Homecoming King” and “Homecoming Queen”. The students usually choose a boy and a girl who have done a lot for the schoo
27、l.Most schools have a Homecoming parade（游行）. The school band will often lead the way, followed by many different cars and trucks. Most schools also have a football game for Homecomingand, of course, tailgate parties. A tailgate party is a group of people drinking and eating around the back of someon
28、es pick-up truck. There are many other activities that might be a part of the Homecoming celebration. There might be a school-wide picnic one day; another day, there may be plays, concerts, competitions or games, all depending 14on a schools traditions.Homecoming celebrations nearly always end with
29、a dance and/or a great dinner. The school is decorated beautifully, and a band is paid to come and play. Students dress up: guys in suits and girls in beautiful dresses. 36. Homecoming in the USA _.A. is held only in high schoolsC. might last from one day to one weekB. is held to celebrate the birth
30、 of schoolsD. might be prepared for students only37. “King and Queen of Homecoming” are chosen according to _.A. their contributions to the schoolC. their excellent grades in studyB. their healthy bodiesD. their good-looking faces38. All the activities might be found at the Homecoming except _.A. an
31、 exam B. a football gameC. a picnic D. a parade39. The “tailgate” is most probably _a truck or a car.15A. in front ofB. in the middle ofC. on the top ofD. at the back ofA tailgate party is a social event held on and around the open tailgate of a vehicle.BMany teenagers feel that the most important p
32、eople in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members dont know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is quite often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they go to their friends for some ideas.It is very important for teenagers to hav
33、e one good friend or a group of friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they 16usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone. This communication （交际） is very important in childrens growing up, because friends can talk about something, and these things are difficult to
34、 say to their family members.However, parents often try to choose friends for their children. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. Have you ever thought of the following questions?Who choose your friends?Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?Have
35、 you got a good friend your parents dont like?Your answers are welcome.40. Many teenagers think that _can understand them better.A. friends B. brothers C. sisters D. parents41. When teenagers have something difficult to say to their parents, they usually _.A. stay alone at homeC. talk about it with
36、their friendsB. fight with their parentsD. go to their brothers and sisters for help42. The underlined sentence “Your answers are 17welcome.” means _.A. You are welcome to discuss the questions with usC. Your answers are always rightB. Weve got no idea, so your answers are welcomeD. You can give us
37、all the right answers43. Which of the following is the writers attitude?A. Parents should choose friends for their children.C. Parents should understand their children better.B. Children should choose everything they like.D. Teenagers should only go to their friends for help.C18此类文章的阅读策略是：先读题，再看文，带着
38、问题去读文章。在题干中找出关键词！44. If you are interested in western education, you might call _.A. 010-100125B. 800 819 0260C. 021-5158 1658D. 6465 778845. If you would like to organize a large meeting or conference, you should contact _.19A. Office GeneralC. Canadian International SchoolB. Apollo Business Center
39、D. None of the above46. You may _to get more information about any of the three ads.A. send an emailB. use a fax machineC. go by yourselfD. visit some websitesDLots of people are unhappy with their present weight, but most arent sure how to change it. You may want to look like the models or actors i
40、n magazines and on TV, but those goals might not be healthy or realistic for you. Being healthy is really about being at a weight that is right for you. The best way to find out if you are at a healthy weight or if you need to lose or gain weight is to talk to a doctor or dietitian（营养学家）. If it turn
41、s out that you can benefit from weight loss, then you can follow a few of the simple suggestions listed below to get started._. Ask your mom or dad to lend help and support and to make lifestyle changes that will benefit the whole family, if possible. Those who have 20the support of their families t
42、end to have better results with their weight-management programs.Watch your drinks. Its amazing how many extra calories can be in the sodas, juices and other drinks that you take in every day. Simply cutting out a can of soda or one sports drink can save you 150 calories or more each day. Slake your
43、self with water or other sugar-free drinks when youre thirsty and stay away from sugary juices and sodas.Stop eating when youre full. Lots of people eat when theyre full. Try to pay attention as you eat and stop when you are full.Avoid diet pills. They can be dangerous to your health; besides, there
44、s no evidence that they help keep weight off over the long term.Get moving. You dont have to play a team sport or go to the gym. Try different kinds of activities from hiking to cycling, or to dancing until you find what you like.47. According to the passage, before you decide to lose or gain weight
45、 you must know _.A. how you will do itC. whether you have a B. how long it should lastD. what your realistic goal 21healthy weight is48. Which of the following would be the best to be put in the blank in the second paragraph?A. Find a partner.C. Dont give up easily.B. Make weight loss a family behav
46、ior.D. Small changes make a difference.49. The underlined part Slake yourself in the third paragraph means “_”.A. Stop yourself feeling thirstyC. Make yourself feel comfortableB. Make yourself feel less tiredD. Stop yourself feeling less hungry50. We can learn from the passage that _.A. exercising i
47、s harmful to ones healthB. diet pills may not help one lose weight in the long termC. having eating trouble is the No.1 cause of being overweightD. all models or actors in magazines and on TV have weight problems四、任务型阅读51. meaning2252. Share53. frequent/ often54. Reflect55. positive56. possible57. e
48、xperience58. natural59. notice/ find/ capture60. life五、书面表达How to be popularMany people desire to be popular with others, but not everyone can achieve this goal. What is the secret to popularity?45 percent of the people surveyed believe that the first step is to improve our appearance. We should always make sure that we dress properly a
