1、,非谓语动词non-predicative verbs 反意问句disjunctive questions,Grammar 非谓语动词非谓语动词在句子中的成份 非谓语动词功能比较非谓语动词的否定形式-ing form的复合结构,非谓语动词,不定式 (to do） 否定(not to do),V-ing （doing）否定(not doing),过去分词（done） 否定(not done),在句子中充当除谓语动词以外的各种句子成分的 动词形式叫做非谓语动词。,非谓语动词有三种：,I want to read a book written by the woman living there.谓语
2、 非谓语动词,非谓语动词功能表,不定式在句子中可以充当哪些成分？,1、作主语,To run is a good habit.(=It is a good habit to run.),2、作表语,Our plan is to build a bridge over the river.,3、作宾语,I want to buy a dictionary.,4、作定语,He has a chance to go abroad.,5、作状语,To finish the work, he had to get up early.,6、作补语,I ask us to help him.,1、主语,Nod
3、ding the head means agreement.,点头表示同意。,2、宾语,Would you mind my closing the windows?,3、表语,His job is selling newspapers.,4、定语,This is a swimming pool.,V-ing在句子当中可以充当哪些成分？,5. 补语,He kept me waiting so long.,6.状语,Walking in the street, I met my teacher.,过去分词在句子当中可以充当哪些成分？,1、定语,This is one of the schools
4、built in 1980s. English is a widely used language.,2、表语,The shop is closed.,3、补语,She felt her arm toughed.,4、状语,Seen from the space, the earth looks blue.,非谓语动词-动名词（四级真题）62. The meeting was put off because we _ a meeting without John.A. objected having B. were objected to having C. objected to have
5、D. objected to having61. Whats the chance of _ a general election this year?A. there being B. there to be C. there be D. there going to be51. _ is not a serious disadvantage in life.A. To be not tall B. Not to be tall C. Being not tall D. Not being tall,非谓语动词-不定式（四级真题）63. It is not uncommon for ther
6、e _ problems of communication between the old and the young. A. being B. would be C. be D. to be58. The Minister of Finance is believed _ of imposing new taxes to raise extraA. that he is thinking B. to be thinking C. that he is to think D. to think46. AIDS is said _ the number-one killer of both me
7、n and women over the past few years in that region.A. being B. to be C. to have been D. having been,非谓语动词-不定式（四级真题）43. Professor Johnson is said _some significant advance in his research in the past year.A. having made B. making C. to have made D. to make 42. The three men tried many times to sneak
8、across the border into the neighboring country, _ by the police each time. A. had been captured B. being always captured C. only to be captured D. unfortunately captured ,非谓语动词-分词（四级真题） 64. _ at in his way, the situation doesnt seem so desperate. A. Looking B. Looked C. Being looked D. To look 55. I
9、f not _ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.A. being treated B. treated C. be treated D. having been treated This is an illness that can result in total blindness _ left untreated.A. after B. if C. since D. unless 45. There_ nothing more for di
10、scussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. be,非谓语动词-分词（四级真题） 45. _, he can now only watch it on TV at home.A Obtaining not a ticket for the matchB Not obtaining a ticket for the matchC Not having obtained a ticket for the matchD Not obtained a tic
11、ket for the match 51. _ enough time and money, the researcher would have been able to discover more in this field.A Giving B To give C Given D Being given 63. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, _ the spoilt ones. A. not counting B. not to count C. dont count D. having not counted,eg.I li
12、ke skating,but I dont like to skate today.Playing with fire is dangerous.Look out！To play with fire is dangerous.,主语、表语、宾语,1. to do 表示具体的动作，-ing form表示泛指的动作。,eg.He attends the meeting being held in the room now.He attended the meeting held yesterday.He will attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.,2.
13、表示被修饰词的内容时， 用to do.,eg.She has a strong wish to go to college.,1.从时态上看，-ing form表示正在进行的动作pp表示已经完成的动作，to do表示将来的动作。,定语,eg. I found him cooking supper.I found supper cooked when I got home.It is true I saw Henry cook supper.,-ing form与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行； pp与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成； to do只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。,补语,
14、作状语时的区别：,-ing form,pp表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随情况等等,eg.they worked hard to pay for the necklace.I went to see him only to find him out.I am glad to see you.,to do表示1.目的;2.结果表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用only强调。3.原因表示造成情感变化的原因。,目的,结果,原因,2.She pretended _ me when I passed by. A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having no
15、t seen,3. I would appreciate _ back this afternoon.A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.youre calling,A,C,练习：,析: 有些动词后只能接动词 不定式形式做宾语.,如: want (想要), agree, manage, decide, expect, pretend, offer, afford, hope, would like, would love.,有些动词只能接动词的动名词形式作宾语,如: appreciate, avoid, consider (考虑), enjoy,
16、 finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, suggest (建议) 还有些短语动词以一介词结尾,也只能接动名词作宾语(尤其是介词to易出错):如:depend on, insist on, feel like, be used to (习惯于), look forward to, devote to, pay attention to.,5.This sentence needs _.A.to improve B. be improvedC.improving D.being improved,4.She didnt remember _ hi
17、m before.A.having met B.have metC.to meet D.to having met,C,A,to _.,B,析: 有些动词后既可跟动词的不定式形式, 也可跟动名词形式, 但意思不一样。如:,1) stop,remember,forget,regret+,(已做),(未做),2) try+,试试做(看是否行得通),努力去做,3) mean+,意味着,意思是,打算做,4) cant help+,忍不住, 情不自禁地做,不能帮忙做,5) go on + (continue),继续做同一件事,接着做另一件事,doing,to do,doing,to do,doing,t
18、o do,doing,to do,doing sth.,to do sth.,析:当need, want, require 等作“需要, 要求” 解释时,其后常用动名词的主动形式(doing) 表被动意义, 或用不定式的被动形式 (to be done).,6.The missing boys were last seen _ (play) near the river. 7. He was made _ (play) the piano for 3 hours a day at the age of 5. 8. A cook will be immediately fired if he i
19、s found _(smoke) in the kitchen.(03) 9. The soldiers went towards the moun- tains with the old man_ (lead). 10. The problem _ (discuss) about at tomorrows meeting is quite troublesome.,playing,smoking,leading,to be discussed,to play,1.I could feel the wind _ on my face from an open window.A.to blow
20、B.blowing C.blown D.to be blowing2.Well meet Mr.Black,_ as a famous scientist.A.knowing B.to be known C.known D.being known3._ more time, we could do it better.A.Giving B.To give C.Given D.To be given4.A young man _ novels came to us yesterday.A.to write B.writing C.written D.wrote5.All the things_,
21、his proposal is of greater value than yours.A.considered B.considering C.consider D.to consider6._Sunday, the students are at home.A.Being B.To be C.It is D.It being,非谓语动词的否定形式,Not + to do / -ing form,He decided to do it.She wished to see him again.,Not seeing John,I asked where he was. Not having d
22、one it right, I tried again.,He decided not to do it.,She wished never to see him again.,.,ing form的复合结构,形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+ing form,I would appreciate calling back this afternoon.being cultivated abroad is a wish of his parent.,your,Toms,1.Do you mind opening the door?2.Going there saved us a good deal
23、 of trouble.3.Being late again made the teacher angry.,Do you mind me/my opening ,Toms going there saved us a good ,His being late again made,说出-ing form动作的执行者时，须用复合结构,_ black and blue, the lady couldnt move. A. Beaten B. Beating C. To be beaten D. To beat 2. Most of the men _ to the party were from
24、 town. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 3. When I got back, I saw a message _ to the door _ “ Sorry to miss you; will call later. A. pin, read B. pinning, reading C. pinned, reading D. pinned, read 4. With a lot of different problems _, the newly-elected president is havi
25、ng a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled 5. With a lot of different problems _ , the newly-elected president is very pleased. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled,1-5 AACCA,6. _ poor in English, Im afraid I cant make myself _. A. To be; understand B. Im; t
26、o understand C. Being; understanding D. Being; understood 7. _ the room, the nurse found the tape-recorder _. A. Entering; stealing B. Entering; gone C. To have entered; being stolen D. Having entered; to be stolen 8. English is a language _ in many countries. A. spoken B. speaking C. be spoken D. t
27、o speak 9. I should say sorry to him. I regret _ to help him that day. A. refusing B. to refuse C. refused D. refuse 10. Professor Li is often seen _ something in his office. A. to write B. write C. wrote D. written,6-10 DBAAA,11. Do you still remember _ to your hometown ten years ago? A. taken B. t
28、o take C. to be taken D. being taken 12. She is not used _ in the city. A. to live B. to living C. to have lived D. live 13. Hurry up! He is sure _ us at the gate. A. waiting B. to wait C. to be waiting D. to be waiting for 14. _ everywhere, the wolves had no where _ themselves. A. Hunting; hiding B
29、. To hunt; to hide C. Hunted; hiding D. Hunted; to hide 15. This is a _ car. A. use B. using C. to be used D. used,11-15 DBDDD,16. When _, ice changes into water. A. to heat B. heating C. heated D. they are heated 17. Charlie Chaplin is considered _ a great contribution to the film industry. A. to m
30、ake B. making C. to have made D. having made 18. _ with you, we still have a long way to go. A. Comparing B. To compare C. Having compared D. Compared 19. They havent decided when _ for Shanghai. A. to be leaving B. to leave C. leaving D. leave 20. I dont know the girl _ in the snow storm. A. to cat
31、ch B. caught C. catching D. to be catching,16-20 CCDBB,there to be 和there being 结构可用作主语、宾语、或状语,I 主语 1、有for引导，则用there to be Its a great pity for there to be much trouble in the class. 太遗憾了，这个班上有多方面的麻烦。2、没有for引导，则用there being There being a public bus service is a great convenience to people 公交车对人们十分方便
32、。,II 宾语 1、介词宾语，用there being结构，而不用there to be。 Whats the chance of there being an election this year? 今年举行选举的可能性有多大？ 2、动词宾语。 跟动名词的动词后用there being。 常见的动词有：deny, appreciate, mind, imagine, admit, 跟不定式的动词后用there to be。 常见的动词有：want, expect, hope, wish, like , hate, would like, prefer, mean, intend等。 She
33、denied there being any misunderstanding between them. 她否认他们之间有任何误会。 Teachers dont want there to be any students lagging behind. 老师不希望有任何学生掉队。,III 作状语 1、作独立主格结构，用there being. There being nothing else to do, they went home.没有别的事做，他们回家了。 2、但若置于介词for之后，则用there to be，整个介词短语作程度状语。 It was too late for there to be any buses.太晚了，不会有公共汽车了。,
