1、TEM4中的便条写作,南京信息工程大学 刘杰海,1. 对便条的认识 Letter Note=a short letter “短信” 突出实用性和功能性 Tem4的Note-writing自有特色: a) 评分上的几个基准 格式、内容、语言、字数 b) 大纲上的几个要求 10分钟内根据提示写大约50至60词的便条。要求做到格式正确,内容完整,语言得体。 “十分”真功夫,十分不容易 满分不易,丢分不难,2. 解读评分标准 1) 格式-format 便条的信息结构要素 2) 内容-communication 是否达成良好的文字沟通 3) 语言-expression 语言应用是否得体 4) 字数-wo
2、rd count 语言的简洁性如何,2.1 格式-format,April 22, 2010 Dear Professor Wang,Im very sorry I didnt keep the appointment with you yesterday because of my sick roommate. As his close friend, I had to look after him the whole day. I wonder if youd mind having another appointment with me at your office at four oc
3、lock tomorrow afternoon.Im expecting your reply.Yours sincerely,George,2.称呼,4.套语,5.署名,1.日期,3.正文,2.1 格式-format a) 日期:常见错误和失误 日期漏写(确实太大意) 漏掉日期中年与月、日之间的逗号(细节问题) 日期后面加点 “” (多此一举) 受母语书写习惯的影响 2010 年4 月22 日 April 22 2010 April 22, 2010. 2010.5.9 按汉语习惯把它写在签名的下面 月份拼写错误或月份缩写词错误,2.1 格式-format b) 称谓:敬语+头衔+姓名 一般
4、:以Dear 开头,如 Dear Susan,Dear Tom 带头衔:称呼时保留其头衔,例如Dr. Pierce,Professor Wang;即:要称Dear Dr. Pierce,Dear Professor Wang 当对方为亲属时,在Dear 后面加上表示亲属关系大写的字眼即可,如Dear Grandpa,Dear Aunt常见错误:称呼未往左顶格写,或与日期同写一行;称呼后面打句号,或未打逗号。,2.1 格式-format c) 套语+署名 套语:常用Yours sincerely,Sincerely yours, Sincerely,或Yours(后文详述) 署名:TEM4若指定
5、了写便条人的名字,签名时应采用。若无指定,考生也不得用真名。另外一般只需写名不写姓,但若用了较庄重的结尾套语时可署全名。 常见错误:把结尾套语和签名同写一行,或漏写结尾套语,或漏掉结尾套语后面的逗号。,2.1 格式-format 格式还需要注意的几个方面: 五大要素缺一不可 五大要素位置有规定,手写不可用“齐头式” 标点符号:称呼后一般不用冒号、署名不可用冒号 “套语”部分单独成行,2.2 内容-communication 要传递的信息类型,在正文部分体现 一般的结构 Reason information + additional information 常见类型及信息要件(key point
6、s) 请求:背景陈述具体请求表示谢意 建议:背景陈述建议内容 建议理由鼓励话语 道歉:道歉内容具体理由再次致歉 致谢:致谢内容具体帮助再次致谢 祝贺:祝贺内容表示祝贺衷心祝福,常见类型及信息要件(续) 安慰:表示同情安慰对方提出建议鼓励对方 邀请(接受/拒绝): 发起邀请:邀请起因具体细节表示邀请; 接受邀请:表示感谢接受原因再次致谢; 拒绝邀请:表示感谢拒绝原因衷心祝贺 问询:询问主题具体细节期待答复表示感谢 转让/求购/求租: 原因物品详情价格商定具体联系方式 留言/转告:人时间事情要求,3. 语言-expression 考查核心:语言是否得体 称谓 正文中的“语体”(register)
7、正式 Formal 非正式 informal 署名所用套语 遵守的原则:礼貌(politeness) 语言表达的目标: inform something connect someone,3. 语言-expression 称谓的得体 Dear + T + N formal Dear Prof. Liu Dear + N neutral Dear Jim N informal Sam, Mary,3. 语言-expression 署名套语的得体:1) 致不熟悉的人,宜用庄重套语,如Yours sincerely,Sincerely yours, 或Sincerely 。 2) 对上级、长者,除了可
8、用上述较庄重的套语,也可用Yours respectfully 或 Respectfully yours。 3) 对一般朋友或熟人可用1)中提到的较庄重的套语,也可用Yours 等较为随便的套语。 4) 对密友则采用较随便的套语为宜。例如,Yours,Love,With love,Best wishes,Best regards 等等。 5) 对亲属可用下列任何一种:Love,With love,All my love,Yours affectionately,Affectionately yours,Lovingly yours,Yours lovingly,Your loving son
9、(Dad.);但对亲人,不宜用Sincerely yours。,语言-expression 正文语言的得体 1) 关乎IQ,更关乎EQ 如:“You are required to write a note of about 50 - 60 words to decline the invitation”。decline 是一个很正式的词,其隐含意义是“to refuse politely to accept or to do something”(谢绝,婉言拒绝) 2)假设情景、灵活处理人际关系、圆满解决实际问题,4. 字数-word countTEM4 便条总字数(包括日期、称呼、结尾在内
10、)的要求是约50-60个字。尽管在这数字之间还可以少10 字,或多20 字,即40-80 字,不过,还是篇幅适中为好,以免因显得太短或太长而扣分。,真题举例:2008年便条写作真题 Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation: Jane, your classmate, is thinking of subscribing to an English-language newspaper. And you would like to recommend one to
11、 her. Write a note, telling her which newspaper it is and describing two features of the paper. Marks will be awarded for contents, organization, grammar and appropriateness.,April 20th, 2008 Dear Jane, Hearing you want to subscribe an English-languge newspaper. I want suggest you book 21st century
12、English newspaper. Because the newspaper I used it and feel the content is related to our college life, which is very natural. After you read it, you can learn many new words that it has already explaned. So I think it very useful for you. Best wishes for you! Yours Sincerely, Mary,拼写错误,拼写错误,漏不定式to,
13、S不该大写, 扣1分,得分:6,语言欠地道,April 20th, 2008 Dear Jane, Have you decided which newspaper to subscribe yet? I strongly recommend the 21st Century to you, which is a very popular English-language newspaper among us students. It is well organized for the convenience of its readers. Whats more, the content of
14、 the newspaper is exceedingly abundent, ranging from news items to short stories. It is really the best choice and I hope you will like it. Yours sincerely, Amanda,得分:9,分值及评价: 格式:日期、称呼、结尾三部分共2分。A篇前两项正确,结尾Yours Sincerely,首字母都大写了,这不可以,扣1分。 内容:本便条必须包括推荐的报纸名字和2个特征,共2分,A、B篇都没有遗漏项目,分数全得。 语言:主要看语法错误和语言得体程度
15、,共6分。A篇考生有一些语法错误,但不影响理解,得3分,5. 应试策略,situation,information,communication,5.1 情境 如有题目提示:Yesterday you failed to turn up for the appointment with your teacher,Professor Wang. Write him a note of apology and make a request for another meeting. You should also suggest the time for the requested meeting.,
16、5.2 信息 第一句为第二句所要求的道歉确定了内容;为了求得对方的谅解,获得另一次会面的机会,你就必须说明前次未能赴约见面的原因。因此,本便条的内容必须包括以下四项: 1) apologizing for failure to turn up for the appointment 2) the reason for failure to turn up 3) making a request for another meeting 4) suggesting the time for the requested meeting 其中3), 4)为提示中明确要求表达的内容,1), 2)则是根据道歉类书信特点而必须表达的内容。,5.3 表达(包含于整个操作过程中) 五个要素不可少 各有格式和要求 正文信息要完整 称谓套语要适宜 语言表达要得体 拼写语法无错误 书写工整卷整洁 本PPT 配有视频讲座,详细讲解可到四八级在线网站观看,