1、谋篇布局（ 4 ）,- 1将提示中的第一句做为第一段主题句，然后拓展开 2 将提示的第二句做为第二段的主题句，拓展说明 3将提示的第三句拓展成第三段，但注意与上面两段的照应，使其有总揽全文的 作用,例子,标题： On Housing Reform 提纲： 1 ）旧房屋政策的弊端；2 ）房改带来的好处； 3 ）我怎么办,The old house-allotting policy had at least two disadvantages. First, the government spent a lot of money building some houses, but these ho
2、uses were allotted to people free of charge. Thus, the government would have no money to build more houses for people who badly needed them. Second, the persons who were in power could get more houses than those who were powerless. This was quite unfair. On the contrary, the new system of house allo
3、tment may bring about many new things. For example, the government will have more money which can be used in house construction. So, the housing industry can develop more quickly. Besides, because houses will be sold to people, the chances they get will be equal. When I enter the society, I would ge
4、t a loan from the bank to buy my own house. Then, I would try to pay back the loan in the shortest time possible. After that, I would proudly claim: “Now, I am the master of that house.”,四、六级统考作文三部分的长短比例,大学英语四、六级英文写作要求考生在三十分钟内写出一篇一百二十字左右的短文，由于有严格的时间和字数限制，考生被要求依循环上述文章的 长短比例显然是不可能的。对于四、六级应试短文的长短比例虽然没有
5、统一的规定，但考生大体上可以按照以下两种比例来安排短文各段篇幅；3：4：3或4：4：2。,首段和尾段的写作,首段的写作 首段的写作方式一般为： （1）运用事实性信息、调查或故事等引出话题；（2 ）导入主题，然后提出自己的观点，也就是文章的论点 首段开篇的方式常见的有： 1 ） 谚语法 由于谚语一般已经被大家所接受，用谚语提出自己的观点也容易被读者所接受。 As the saying goes, “Money makes the mare go“, but there are many things we cant buy with money, such as time and true lo
6、ve. ,2 ） 定义法 定义法是通过对文章中的关键词做一些简单或正面或反面的解释，限定其范围，这样比较有利于引出主题。 “Practice makes perfect“ is an old saying. It tells us that it does not matter if we are clumsy at doing something. As long as we keep on trying and practicing, we will do a good job in the end. 3 ） 提问法 通过提问一个或一连串的问题，可以激发读者的兴趣，从而引出主题。 a. D
7、o you have many friends? Are they similar to you or different from you? Which kind of friends do you prefer? b. What is a good student? Different people may have different answers to this question.,4 ） 概括法 概括法指先总结文章内容所涉及的现状，然后引出主题。 In recent years, with the development of science and technology, the
8、 Internet has come into more and more homes and is playing a more and more important role in our work and daily life. It has become a must to us, but at the same time, Internet has also brought with it a lot of problems.,5 ） 故事法 故事法指用简单有趣的故事激发读者的兴趣，从而提出自己的观点。如下面 “Is Stress a Bad Thing?“ 6 ） 引语法 “Jus
9、t as eating without liking harms the health, learning without interest harms the memory and cant be retained.“ From Vincis words we can see how important it is to motivate the students in language learning. 7 ） 调查法 为了得到读者的认可，文章的开始可以引出调查数据等，借以提出主题，如下面 “Is Stress a Bad Thing?“ 的 1 ）和 “Can Schoolchildr
10、en Start Using the Internet?“ 的 4 ）。,8 ） 假设法 假设法是指通过假设提出一种选择，交代文章要涉及的问题，从而提出文章的主题。 Suppose you were offered two jobs, one is highly-paid but rather demanding, the other is less demanding, but poorly-paid, which would you prefer? 9 ） 综合法 具体写作时，同学们没有必要拘泥于一种方式，可以将上述方法总和起来。,结论段的写作,结论一般采用归纳概括、主题重述或提建议等方式
11、。 常见的方式有： 1 ） 重述或总结主题 重述主题指于结论处以另外一种表达方式重申主题，与首段照应。 Families offer us warmth and care. Friends give us strength and horizon. They both help us understand the world as it is. Both of them are the dearest parts in our life.,2 ） 提出建议 Since postcards do us more harm and good, since we have many other wa
12、ys to convey our feelings and promote our friendship, I hope everyone will take actions now to stop using postcards. 3 ） 概括总结 As we can see from the above, living in the suburb we can stay away from pollution, lead an easy leisure time, and neednt invest too much money, so I prefer living in the sub
13、urb to living in the city.,4 ） 引用名人名言 In particular, I enjoy what Francis Bacon said “Studies serve for delight, for ornament and for ability.“ 5) 综合法 与首段一样，结论段也可以是多种方法的综合。一般说来，总结加建议的比较多。,尾段示例,As we all know, the next century will become one of the Internet. Internet will become more and more import
14、ant in both our daily life and our work. So I suggest that schoolchildren should start using the Internet. So I think schoolchildren not only can start using the Internet, but also should start using it. They are sure to benefit a lot from the internet.,利弊子类模板二,Recently more and more people begin to
15、 They argue that bring several advantages. First, Second, also bring many problems. Firstly,Secondly,Finally, From what has been discussed above, we can see clearly that,经典范文,Advantages and Disadvantages of Keeping Pets 养宠物的好处 养宠物带来的问题 结论,经典范文,Recently more and more people begin to keep pets. They a
16、rgue that keeping pets bring several advantages. First, a pet is a good companion, especially to old and lonely people. Second, a pet in the family can always bring amusement and entertainment. Getting on well with pets could make a person more careful, considerate and responsible. Keeping pets also
17、 bring many problems. Firstly, we have heard too many instances of pets such as dogs and cats injuring people. Once bitten, the victim should receive treatment as soon as possible. Pets may also spread diseases because they cannot be always clean. Secondly, pets should not be allowed in many public
18、places lest they pollute the environment. Finally, many pets are too expensive to keep. We must surprised to know how much it costs to buy and keep a rare dog.From what has been discussed above, we can see clearly that the disadvantages are more obvious. The government should control the total numbe
19、r of pets, and the owner should take care of his pet lest it pollute the environment and spread diseases or even attack people.,好句子,1. A proper part-time job does not occupy students“ too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All wor
20、k and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。 2. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price. 任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。 3.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school
21、 or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus. 当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。,4. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their
22、interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets. 大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。 5. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation. 现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。,6. This is
23、 a matter of life and death-a matter no country can afford to ignore. 这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。 7. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons: 我同意后者，有如下理由。 8. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides. 在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。 9. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society. 通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。,
