1、语法之比较级与最高级一比较级和最高级的基本用法规则变化：形容词和副词的比较级在后面加 er 和 than, 最高级在形容词和副词后面加 est, 前面加 the.1，如果形容词和副词最后有 e, 则变形时只加 r, st.2, 若果单词是单音节，闭音节，则双写最后一个字母。如 big, hot, thin, fat, wet 等.3, 单词最后是辅音字母+y, 则变 ier, iest.4, 三，多音节单词, 副词前面加 more, the most（反义用 less, the least）, 如 difficult, beautiful, interesting, expensive 等。不
2、规则变化good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least few fewer fewestfar farther/farthest 表示距离 e.g. go farther further/furthest 表示程度 e.g. further studylate later/latest latter/lastold older/oldest elder/eldest 注意：1， 英式英语中 elder, eldest 只用于家庭成员长幼关系，没事英语则全部用 older,
3、 oldest.2， Glad, fond, shy, sly, free, clear, secure, cruel, pretty, lively 比较级前加 more, the most.3， 复合词变形只需变部分，如 well-known 变 better-known.4， 副词如 hard, fast, early 和形容词同样变化，有 ly 的副词则在前面加 more, most.比较级最高级的用法1. 形容词和副词的比较级在后面加 er 和 than, 最高级在形容词和副词后面加 est, 前面加the.可以省略 the 的情况:副词最高级前；前面有名次所有格.e.g. The
4、Yellow River is the second longest river of China.=The Yellow river is Chinas second longest river.e.g. Of the three boys Jim runs (the)fastest.2. 最高级后常用一个介词短语表示比较的范围（among, in our class, of the three boys, I have ever）e.g. Of the three boys Sam is the tallest.This is the most interesting book I hav
5、e ever read. 3. 比较级中用 the 的情况，后面有一个表示范围的短语表示其中比较有特色的那个。e.g. He is the taller of the two.4. 用比较级表示最高级(注意是否在同一范围内比较 )e.g. There is no country bigger than China in Asia.e.g. China is bigger than any other country in Asia.=China is the biggest country in Asia.中国在亚洲范围e.g. China is bigger than any country
6、 in Europe.中国不在欧洲范围5. 注意比较的主体，特别是其中有所有格时：e.g. My classroom is bigger than yours.(your classroom)e.g. Toms books are more than Jims.e.g. The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai.(复数用 those of)e.g. She is smarter than he (is).e.g. She does better in Maths than he does. e.g. He can swim f
7、aster than she (can).读音：如果最后一个字母是 r 或 n, 则要和 er, est 一起读。二，其他用法1， asas 反义词 not so ase.g. Linda is not so good at Maths as in Chinese.其他词组：as soon as possible=as soon as you can/couldas soon as as well as as far as as long as2, 比较级用法（1）You should have told me about it earlier.A few hours earlier=a fe
8、w hours ago （2）修饰比较级用 even, a little，some，much，a bit，slightly，a lot，far 等.e.g. The sun is much bigger than the earth.e.g. The sunrise here is much more beautiful than in other places.（3）比较级前面用 any, no.e.g. He is too tired to walk any further.e.g. The train is no longer in sight.e.g. He found that hi
9、s father is no longer young and healthy because of hard work.（4）not more than 不多于 no more than 至多只有，说明其少的程度( 反之用 less)e.g. I have no more than 5 yuan in my pocket.e.g. This house is not large. That house is no larger than this one.（5）比较级 and 比较级 越来越 the 比较级，the 比较级 越.就越e.g. Her father is getting fat
10、ter and fatter.The more, the better. 越多越好。The harder you work, the more progress you will make.（6）倍数或数词加比较级(倍数用可数名词 time 表示 once, twice, three times, four times)e.g. She is three times as tall as her five-year-old daughter.她的身高是她五岁女儿的三倍=She is twice taller than her little daughter.e.g. This house is
11、 four times as large as that one.=This house is as large the size of that one.e.g. He is 2 inches taller than his father.他比他父亲高 2 英寸。more+原级+than 与其说 不如说e.g. The little girl is more shy than timid.(7) 否定+比较级 最不过e.g. There is nothing cheaper.e.g. I cant agree with you more.e.g. He couldnt be worse.3. 最高级用法（1）most=verye.g. It is a most useful book.e.g. He is most surprised at the news.（2）most=most of 大多数 大部分e.g. Most young people enjoy pop music.（3）do/try ones best to do
