1、第 7 单元一、副词的定义和种类 副词是表示行为或状态特征的词，用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词，有时也可以用来修饰数词，介词（短语） 、连词、名词或整个句子。副词可分为以下几类：1. 普通副词Together 起 well 好 seriously 认真 slowly 慢 carefully 小心地2. 疑问副词When 何时 where 何地 how 如何 why 为何3. 关系副词Where when 4. 连接副词Then 然后 so 所以 therefore 所以 however 然而 hence 所以Thus 这样 nevertheless 然而 otherwise 否则 still
2、可是，仍二、副词的语法功能 1. 做状语You should always review your lessons. 你应该经常复习功课。 （修饰动词）He is quite reght. 他完全对。 （修饰形容记）She studies English grammar very carefully.她非常认真地学习英语语法。 （修饰副词）Evidently he is a thief. 他显然是个不偷。 （修饰全句）2. 做表语He is abroad. 他在国外。The class is over. 下课了。3. 做定语This is her first day up. 这是她第一天起床下
3、地。4. 做宾语补足语Let him out. 让她出去。5. 做介词宾语主要用于一些词组中。He has just come back from abroad. 他刚从国外回来。三. 副词在句子中的位置 1. 修饰动词时有三种情况 在句末，并列时顺序为：方式、地点、时间。Harry worked well here yesterday. 在句首，以示强调或修饰全句。Often does he work very late. 在行为动词之前和 be 动词、情态动词、助动词之后（此类副词多是频率副词和程度副词等） 。He can hardly swim. 他几乎不能游泳了。I have neve
4、r seen such a good film. 我从来没有见过这么好的电影。2. 修饰形容词、副词时位置在前（但是 enough 在后面）It was rather cold that day. 那天天气很冷。3. 做定语时，一般在后面修饰（个别在前面修饰）The shops here very large. 这里的商店很大。On the way home I met a friend of mine. 在回家的路上，我碰到 的一个朋友。4. 疑问副词放在句首Where is the book? 书在哪里？5. 关系副词和连接副词放在定语从句和名词性从句之首This is the house
5、 where I once lived. 这是我曾经住过的房间。Ive no idea where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪里。四、副词的比较绵和最高级 副词的比较级和最高级的用法和形容词的比较级相似（请参照形容词比较级和最高级的用法）,只是副词最高级前常可省去定冠词 the .Who runs fastest in your class? 你们班谁跑得最快？五、部分副词的用法区别 1. just, just now 与 right nowJust 刚刚，刚才（多用于完成时）Just now (= a moment ago ) 刚才（用于一般过去时）Right now(= now)
6、就在现在（用于现在时或进行时）Ive just had a talk with Jack. 我刚同杰克谈过话。Im having a talk with Jack just now/right now.我现在正在同杰克谈话。2. already, still 与 yetAlready 用于肯定句，表示“已经”;yet 用于否定句，表示“还” ，用于疑问句表示“已经”;still 主要用于肯定句，放在动词前或后，表示动作或状态的持续，作“仍然”解。I have already finished the work. 我已经完成了工作。Heve you read the novel yet? 你已经
7、读过那本小说了吗？He is still running. 他还（仍然）在跑步。必备知识卡常见的副词有：always,hardly,quite,Still,often, seldom, usually,ever,Just, nearly, almost, already, certainlRather, really.QQ 贴吧before 和 ago 巧记before 总在点之前，ago 总在段之后。before 时态不确定，过去时中用 ago.3. ago, before 与 sinceAgo 若干时间以前（以现在为基点）Before 若干时间以前（以过去为基点）Aince 从那时起到现在
8、（只用于完成时）I saw him three days ago. 我 3 天前见过他。The day before yesterday. 前天I havent seen him since then. 从那以后，我再没见到他。4. too, also, either 三者的比较同：三个词都表示“也”异：too 一般用于肯定句，通常放在句末，有时也放在主语后;also 多用于书面语，常放在行为动词前，助动词、系动词、情态动词之后;either 用于否定句。They like this film, we like it, too. 他们喜欢这部电影，我们也很喜欢。We also want to
9、learn English. 我们也想学英语。I have also known lt it.我也知道这事。He wont go either. 他也不去。5. so, neither 与 nor三个词都能表示后者和前者情况相似。 So 用于肯定句，用句型：so + 助动词（系动词或情态动词）+ 主语。 Neither 和 nor 用于否定句，用句型：neither(nor)+ 助动词（系动词或情态动词）+ 主语。例如：He likes red. So do I. 他喜欢红色，我也喜欢。The red one wasnt good, and neither (nor) was the blue
10、 one.这个红的不好，蓝的也不好。He cant do it, nor can I, nor can everybody.他做不了这事，我也做不了，谁都 做不了。基础训练 一、选择填空1. He was_ moved by the girlstears.A. a lot B. much C. quick D.quite2.I saw your design_ .A. everywhere B. anywhereC. somewhere D. where3. The flood is a bit _ the safety level.A. below B. underC. down D.ove
11、r4.Lets go_ upstairs.A. to B. belowC. up D. /5.Can you believe that in_ a rich city there should be many poor people?A. such; such B. such;so C.so;so D. so;such6. They decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining_ .A. badly B. hsrdly C. strongly D.heavily7. _ , his wife will wait for hi
12、n to have dinner together.A. However late is he B. However he is lateC. However late he is D.However is he late 8.If I had_ ,Id visit India, stopping at all the small interesting places.A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holidayC. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough 9. Well have t
13、o finish the job, _ .A. a long it takes however B. however long it takesC. long however it takes D. it takes however long10. Its always difficult being in a foreign country, _ if you dont speak the language.A. extremely B.naturalC. badicly D. especially二、用适当的副词形式真空1.Grandpa can walk (far,farther,far
14、thest) _ than a younger man.2.Haev you anything(much, nany, more) _to say?3.I was ten minutes (late,later,latter) _ for the train.4.I like your handwriting (good, better,best) _of the five.5.He does not play basketball as (well,worse, worst) _ as his brother.6.We dont need to any (far,farther,farthe
15、st) _ ,the book store is right here.7.It is_ (easy,easier, easiest) to look out a plan than to carry it out.8.I received my brothers letter _ (soon, sooner, soonest)than I had expected.9.She ran_ (fast,faster,fastest) and won the first prize.10.The TV sets made in China are _ (good,better,best)than those made in the U.S.A.参考答案一、1-5 BCADB 6-10 DCABD二、1. farther 2. more 3.late 4. best 5. well6. farther 7.easier 8.sooner 9.fastest 10.better
