1、用心 爱心 专心 115 号编辑 1牛津高中英语语法复习模块 3 名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此,名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。(一)引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词:who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。2、连接副词:when, where, why, how。有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。3、连接词:that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if (whether), as if
2、 虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。注意 :连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句,因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,连接词 whether 和 if(是否) ,as if(好象)在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,whether、if 和 as if都用不上时,才用 that 作连接词(that 本身无任何含义) 。(二)主语从句1、主语从句在复合句作主语。e.g. Who will go is not important.2、用 it 作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。e.g. It doesnt matter so much wh
3、ether you will come or not.3、 that 引导主语从句时,不能省略。e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.(三)表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语,位于系动词之后。e.g. The question was who could go there.2、引导表语从句的连接词 that 有时可省去。e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.(四)宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连
4、词 that 一般可省略。e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right.2、介词之后的宾语从句,不可用 which 或 if 连接,要分别用 what 或 whether。e.g. Im interested in whether youve finished the workIm interested in what youve said.3、 whether 与 if 都可以引导宾语从句,常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。宾语从句是否定句时,只用 if,不用 whether。e.g. I wonder if it doesnt rain.用 if 会引起
5、误解,就要用 whether。e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.(此句如果把 whether 改成 if,容易当成条件句理解)宾语从句中的 whether 与 or not 直接连用,就不能换成 if;不直接连用,可换。e.g. I dont know whether or not the report is true.I dont know whether/ if the report is true or not.介词后的宾语从句要用 whether 引导。whether 可与不定式连用。whether 也可引导主语从句、表语从句
6、、同位语从句,还可引导让步状语从句,以上均不能换成 if。但引导条件从句时,只能用 if,而不能用 whether。e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time.They dont know whether to go there.Please come to see me if you have time.用心 爱心 专心 115 号编辑 2(五)同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词(如:news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise 等)之后,说明该名词的具体内容。e.g. I have n
7、o idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.语法经典练习:1.The fact _ she works hard is well known to us all. A. that B. what C. why D. which 2.The fact _ he was successful proves his ability. A. that B. what C. which D. why 3.The news _ he was kidnapped surprise
8、d us greatly. A. what B. that C. why D. when 4.His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down. A. which B. that C./ D. it 5.I have no idea _ he will start. A. when B. that C. what D./ 6.Ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow. A. if B. that C. whether
9、 D. which 7.The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him. A. when B. which C. what D. that 8.The order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A. which B. whether C. that D. what 9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease. A. that B. as C
10、. of which D. which 10.He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. A. whether B. where C. that D. when 11. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether12. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at
11、 _ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that13. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way.A. it B. that C. this D. which14.There are signs _ restaurants are becoming more popular with families. A. that B. which C. in which D. whose 15. We can see the same signs _ stand out throughout the city. A. that B. which C. in which D. whose参考答案1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA 11-15 BBDAA