1、1状语从句导学案1自主学习状语从句在句中作状语，可分为：时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。一、 时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有：when, as, while, until, notuntil, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, the instant,as soon as, no sooner.than, hardly.when. ， each( every, next, the first) time 等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。1 When , while, as 都可解释为“
2、当的时候”但侧重点有所不同。1) When 意为 “当的时候”从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是短暂的。When the film ended, they went back.When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.2). When 常用于下列句式：意为“就在那时/ 突然”。如： was /were doing somethingwhenwas /were about to dowhenWas/were on the point of doing sth. whenhad donewhen.3).As 除了表示“
3、当的时候”，还可表示为“一面一面”， “随着”Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面一面)You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着)4).While 表示“当的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词。Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest.While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused.2 until, notuntil 表示“直到才”until/til
4、l 从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动作，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：We waited until/till he came.；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：He wont go to bed until her father return. I did not leave until midnight.注意点：1）not until在句首，主句用倒装eg: Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it.2) It is not untilthat引导的强调句It was n
5、ot until it was dark that he came back.3. the minute, the moment, the instant,as soon as, no sooner.than, hardly.when. 表示“一 就”The worker recognized the type of the machine the moment he saw it.I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.It bega
6、n to rain as soon as I got home.注意点：Hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan 位于句首，主句用倒装eg: H ardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.24.each /every time 每一次.时，the first time 第一次做.时 the next time 下一次做. 时The first time I saw him, he was doing an exp
7、eriment. 5.before 基本意思 “ 之前 ”We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.“才” We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.“不到就” Please write it down before you forget it.“趁” Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. “还没来得及” 6.时间状语从句中的几个重要句型1）It will be/段时间before“还要过多久才” It will be
8、 two years before he leaves the country.2） It was +时间段+before 从句 （动作已发生）It was three weeks before he came back3） It will not be long before“不多久就会”It wont be long before she comes back4）It was not long before“不多久就了”It wasnt long before he left the country.5）It is/has been 时间since 自从.时间有多久了It is three
9、 years since she joined the army. 二、 条件状语从句条件状语从句分为两大类：真实条件句和虚拟条件句。引导条件状语从句的连词有：if, unless/ if not, as long as/ so long as（只要）, provided/providing (that), on condition that ，in case 等。条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。(unless 相当于 ifnot)You will fail unless you study hard.You will not fail if you study ha
10、rd.You may go there ,as long as you keep quite.I shall give you the book on condition that you return it tomorrow.I will go provided that you go too.三 让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有：though, although,while,as, even if/ though,no matter+疑问词, 疑问词+ever 等。1.though, although 不可与 but 连用，但可以和 yet , still 连用.Eg: Though/
11、Although it is raining ,they are still running outside.注意点：2.though 可引导倒装也可不倒(although 不引导倒装，as 必须倒)倒装结构为：强调对象+as/though+主语+其它成分，强调对象可为表语（名词、形容词）或状语（副词） ，表语为名词时，前面不用冠词。Child as/ though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.Tired as he is, he goes on with his work.3.despite 和 in spite of 也有让
12、步意义，后接名词或动名词，而 though, although 是连词，后接从句。Eg: Despite /In spite of wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to his letter.3Though/although she wanted to see him again, she refused to reply to his letter.4.“no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀 ever”no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever 通用。No matter when / Whene
13、ver he comes back, he should be invited to the party.wh-ever 又可引导名词性从句， 而 No matter wh-不能。如：Whoever can help us will be welcome.5.even if/ though 表示“即使”eg: He doesnt want to marry her even if/ though he loves her very much.四 原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有：because, since, as , now that ,considering that, for the
14、 reason that , due to the fact that,owing to the fact that 等1becausebecause 语气最强，通常用于回答 why 提出的问题注意点：在 it wasthat的强调结构中，强调原因状语从句可用 because 引导，不用 since,as, for 引导。Eg: It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the situation.2. since 和 assince 的语气比 because 弱，比 as 强，
15、表示间接的，已知的原因，自然的结果，表示“既然，由于”。Eg: As/ Since you are not very well, you had better have a rest.3for当 for 表示原因关系时，for 分句是对第一分句内容的推断或猜测。Eg: It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.五 目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that, in order that, in case, for fear that 等。Eg: You must speak louder so that/in
16、order that you can be heard by all.He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.六 结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：,sothat, suchthat, so that 等 eg: He is so young that he can not go to school.He is such a young boy that he can not go to school.Our b
17、us broke down so that we had to walk home.1常用句型：so+形容词 /副词+that 从句so+形容词 +a/an+单数可数名词+that 从句such +a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that 从句such +形容词+复数可数名词/ 不可数名词+that 从句2.so 和 such 的搭配规律such 修饰名词或名词词组，so 修饰形容词或副词,so 还可接 many, few, much, little 等。七 比较状语从句4引导比较状语从句的连词有：asas, not soas,than, the +比较级+主+ 谓，the +比较级+主+谓；
18、等 He speaks English as fluently as his brother (does)I cant jump so /as high as he (does)There are more workers in this factory than in the one next to it . The more you read, the more interesting you will find the novel is . They came back earlier than expected.八.地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词有:where, wherever
19、She found her calculator where she lost it. Where there is a will, there is a way.He goes wherever she goes.注意比较：eg: I happened to see your dictionary lie where I used it last time.（地点状语从句）I happened to see your dictionary lie in the lab where I used it last time.（定语从句）九 方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的连接词有 as, just
20、 as, as if / though（一般用虚拟语气，接近事实时用陈语气）等。Just do as you are told. The workers went on working as if nothing had happened. He talked to the girl as though he had fallen in love with her. the way 也可引导方式状语从句 。 you should operate the machine the way I do . 10、几个注意问题1.状语从句的时态问题: 在条件，时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时“
21、主将从现”。在 since 引导的时间状语从句中动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。2.状语从句的倒装问题：一般有下面几种情况： 否定词开头；not until, Hardly when ;No sooner than so 加 adj. 开头； as / though 引导的让步状语从句。So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I fee
22、lNot until all the fish died in the river _ how serious thepollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize3.状语从句省略问题。如果主从句主语一致或从句主语是 it，从句中又有“be” 时，省略从句的主语/it 和 be。While still a student, she played many roles.When told
23、the secret, he was surprised.When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night5If (you are) asked, you may come in. You can turn to me for help if necessary.If (it is) necessary / possible . Ill explain it to you again.4:状语从句与并列句的区别 状语从句是主从复合句，前后有连接词连接而并列句中间使用并列连词 and; or; but; so 连接。在学
24、习中需要细心的分析句子结构和成分。Though he is in his sixties, _ he works as hard as a young manA. yet B. but C. and D. and yet二. 巩固练习基础题1. Wed better hurry _ it is getting dark.A. and B. but C. as D. unless2. I didn t manage to do it _ you had explained how.A. until B. Unless C. when D. before3._ he comes, we wont
25、be able to go.A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even4. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless5. _ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where6. Whats the matter _ they still havent answered the telegram?A. when B. that C. th
26、ough D. however7. Bring it nearer _ I may see it better.A. although B. even though C. so that D. since8. You may arrive in Beijing early _ you mind taking the night train.A. that B. though C. unless D. if9. Helen listened carefully _ she might discover exactly what she needed.A. in that B. in order
27、that C. in case D. even though10. More people will eat out in restaurants _ they do today.A. than B. when C. while D. as11._ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.A. Much B. However C. As D. Although12. Poor _ it may be, there is no place like home, _ you may go.A. as;
28、 wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever13. The child was _ immediately after supper.A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bedC. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed14. The history of nursing _ the history of man.A. as old as B. is old t
29、han C. that is as old as D. is as old as15. _ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although16._ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of17. Scarcely was George Was
30、hington in his teens _ his father died.A. than B. as C. while D. when18. _ David goes, he is welcome.A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever19. The house stood _ there had been a rock.A. which B. at which C. when D. where20. Small _ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.A. because B. so C. if
31、 D. as21. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year before.A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as22. The piano in the other shop will be _, but _.6A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as betterC. cheaper; not as g
32、ood D. more cheap; not as good23. John plays football _, if not better than, David.A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as24. Although he is considered a great writer,A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely readC. however his works are not widely read D. still his
33、works are not widely read25. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As26.What was the party like? Wonderful. It s years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A. after B. when C. before D. since27. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.
34、A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then 28. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever29. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre.A. that B. where C. which D. when30._, M
35、other will wait for him to have dinner together.A. However late is he B. However he is lateC. However is he late D. However late he is 2012 年高考链接1. ._I always felt i would pass the exam,i never thought i would get an A.A.while B once C.If D.Until (2012 湖南 28）2._hard you try ,it is difficult to lose
36、weight without cutting down the amount you eat.(2012 湖南 32）A. However B.Whatever C.Whichever D. Whenever3.This restaurant wasnt _that other restaurant we went to.(2012 新课标）A . half as good as B.as half good as C.as good as half D good as half as 4.I had hardly got to the office _my wife phoned me to
37、 go back home at once. (2012 全国）A. When B.than C.until D.after5.Look at those clouds!Dont worry._it rains well still have a great time.(2012 北京）A Even if B.As though C.In case D.If only 6.It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties _it gets more financial support from th
38、e European Union.(2012 福建）A.if B.unless C. because D. Since 7.Leave your key with your neighbor _you lock yourself out one day.A.as long as B . Even though C. In case D. As if (2012 辽宁）8.Everything was placed exactly _he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.Awhile B. When C. Where D.though(2012 天津）
39、9.Coach ,can I continue with the training?Sorry ,you cant _you havent recover from the knee injury.(2012 重庆）A.until B. before C. as D. unless10.you can borrow my car_you promise not to drive too fast.7A. Unless B.even if C.in case D. As long as (2012 江西）提高题1. Have you got any idea for the summer vac
40、ation?I dont mind where we go _ theres sun, sea and beach. （2008 全国 I 卷）A. as if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that2. -Do you have a minute? Ive got something to tell you.-Ok, _ you make it short. （2008 安徽卷）A. now that B. if only C. so long as D. every time3. All the neighbor admire this fam
41、ily _the parents are treating their child like a friend. （2008 安徽卷）A. why B. where C. which D. that4. Nancy enjoyed herself so much _ she visited her friends in Sydney last year. （2008 福建卷）A. that B. which C. when D. where5. _ the Internet is of great help. I dont think its a good idea to spend too
42、much time on it. （2008 湖南卷）A. If B. While C. Because D. As6. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. （ 2008 山东卷）A. though B. for C. but D. so7. Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it. （2008 山东卷）A. even if B. which C. where D. so that8. _ hun
43、gry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. （2008 辽宁卷）A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However9. I used to love that film _ I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any more. （2008 辽宁卷）A. once B. when C. since D. although10. A small car is big enough for a family of t
44、hree _ you need more space for baggage. (2008 全国 II)A. once B. because C. if D. unless11. There were some chairs left over _ everyone had sat down. (四川卷)A. when B. until C. that D. where12. Dont promise anything _you are one hundred percent sure. （2008 浙江卷）A. whether B. after C. how D. unless13. Did
45、 you return Freds call? （2008 北京卷）I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow.A. though B. unless C. when D. because14. Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian get back. （2008 北京卷）A. before B. since C. till D. after15. Well have a picnic in the park this Sunday _ it rains
46、 or its very cold. （2008 天津卷）A. since B. if C. unless D. until16. -Are you ready for Spain？(2008 上海卷)-Yes, I want the girls to experience that _ they are young.A. while B. until C. if D. before17. _ well prepared you are , you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. (2008 上海卷)A. however B. wh
47、atever C. no matter D. although818. _ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. 2007 全国卷 II A. If B. Since C. Though D. When19. Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our language. 2007 上海卷A. as B. that C. which D. where20. Small sailboats can easily tur
48、n over in the water _ they are not managed carefully. 2007 上海卷A. though B. before C. until D. if基础题1-5 CABBA 6-10 BCCBD 11-15 BACDD 16-20 ADCDD 21-25 CCBAD 26-30 DBCBD 2012 高考链接 1-5 AAAAA 6-10 BCCCD提高题1-5BCBCB 6-10 BCDBD 11-15ADDAC 16-20 AAABD基础题1-5 CABBA 6-10 BCCBD 11-15 BACDD 16-20 ADCDD 21-25 CCBAD 26-30 DBCBD 2012 高考
