1、 1Module 3 The Violence of Nature(限时：35 分钟)(对应学生用书第 325 页).阅读理解A(2018东北三省四市二模)On April 14th，2010，my entire life changed in an instant.One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine.The next moment，metal，flesh and bones were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash.Another cyclist，
2、biking carelessly，had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic.As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life，another disaster also occurred on April 14th，2010.It cost the airline industry $1.7 billion.Ten million travellers were stuck for days.Economics all over the world w
3、ere disturbed.This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull，one of Icelands many volcanoes.However，volcanoes are not all bad.In fact，they are necessary.They are responsible for the birth of new earth，and for the creation of rich soil.This eruption gave off 0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the at
4、mosphere daily.But cancelling 48% of the worlds flight travel saved about 2.8 million tons of CO2 from entering the atmosphere，temporarily decreasing our carbon footprint.Similarly，the accident had badly affected my emotion but it also allowed me to look more closely inside myself and discover thing
5、s about myself I would never have realized.I learned how not to judge myself for my new limitations.In 1973，another Icelandic volcano，Eldfell，broke out.Icelanders decided to bomb it with cold water until it froze and chose a different path.After their plan worked，they used the geothermal(地热的) energy
6、 for the next 15 years to heat their homes.A good example of life bringing lemons，and making lemonade! One must move on from misfortunes，focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future.I ran from April 14th，2010，to every kind of escape.Eventually I ended up in university for a n
7、ewfound love for Earth sciences.2【语篇解读】 作者把自己遭遇的突发事件和火山爆发这种自然灾害进行类比，说明遭遇到不幸也有好处，面对现实情况要乐观积极。1What happened to the writer on April 14th，2010?AHe was involved in a car crash.BHe was stuck in an Icelands airport.CHe witnessed a volcanic eruption.DHe was badly injured on a bike ride.D 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的“T
8、he next moment，metal.crash.Another cyclist，biking carelessly，had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic.”可知，一个马虎的骑自行车的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故，受伤严重，故 D 项正确。2Which was an effect of the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull?AThe economy was influenced globally by the eruption.BCarbon dioxide increas
9、ed temporarily.CMost of the worlds planes were held up.DThe earth in Iceland was terribly polluted.A 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“Economics all over the world were disturbed.”可知，艾雅法拉火山爆发后，全世界的经济都受到了干扰，即火山的爆发使全球经济受损，故 A 项正确。3Why did the writer mention the Eldfell volcano?AIt broke out in Iceland on April 14th as
10、 well.BIt symbolized the accident that changed his life.CIt told us to make the best of a given situation.DIt encouraged him to know more about himself.C 考查推理判断。根据文章第五段中的“After their plan worked.their homes.”并结合“One must move on from misfortunes，focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful
11、for the future.”可推知，我们应该充分利用特定的环境。4What is the best title for the passage?AEscape from VolcanoesBInspiration from DisastersCLove for Earth SciencesDAttitude Toward Nature3B 考查标题归纳。本文作者通过讲述自己遭遇的事故和火山爆发带来的好处及坏处，告诉人们要积极应对现实情况，所以选 B 项。 【导学号：44040177】B(2017福州质量检测)According to a team of researchers, an an
12、imals ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures， ” commented the lead author Kev
13、in Healy from Trinity College Dublin.The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant.Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.One example of thi
14、s phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit.The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked join
15、tly on the research project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly.Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains
16、.Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.”In comparison, the tiger beetle(虎甲虫)runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to reevaluate its preys(猎物) position.Our results suggest that time perception
17、offers an as yet unstudied dimension in which animals can specialize and there is a considerable range to study this system in more detail.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现，动物感知时间的能力和它们的生活节奏有关，对于快速移动的动物来说，在短时间内感知时间的能力决定着它们的生死。4文章列举了家蝇、狗和虎甲虫等动物，证明了动物感知时间的能力的重要性。5What is the research mentioned in the passage mai
18、nly about?APace of life of animals.BTime perception of animals.CLifetime of small animals.DImpressive abilities of animals.B 考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，根据第一段的“According to a team of researchers，an animals ability to perceive(感知 )time is linked to their pace of life.”可知为本文的主题句；结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现：动物感知时间的能力和它们的
19、生活节奏有关，故 B 项正确。6What does Kevin Healys comment mean in Para.2?AThe ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.BThe survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.CAnimals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.DAnimals with poor
20、 ability of time perception have a shorter life.B 考查细节理解。根据第二段 Kevin Healy 所说的话“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures”可知， Kevin Healy 认为，对
21、于快速移动的动物来说在短时间内感知时间的能力决定着它们的生死；据此可知，该句是说快速移动的动物的生存依赖于它们对时间的感知能力，故 B 项正确。7Why can houseflies avoid being hit?AThey can think very deeply before they act.BThey can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.CThey can process information as quickly as they receive it.DThey can send information to the
22、brain more quickly than to their eyes.C 考查细节理解。根据第四段的“The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve，which allows them to avoid being hit.”可知，家蝇能比我们在更短的时间内感知到物体的运动，这是它们得以避免被拍死的原因，故 C 项正确。5干扰项分析 根据第五段中的“Flies might not be deep thinkers，but they can make good d
23、ecisions very quickly”可知，苍蝇的思考能力较弱，故 A 项错误；B 项说的是虎甲虫；根据第五段中的“Having eyes that send.equally quickly”可知 D 项错误。8What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?ATry to run as fast as it can.BPrevent itself from becoming blind.CSlow down to gain its time perception.DStop occasionally to spot
24、the prey again.D 考查细节理解。根据第六段“In comparison，the tiger beetle(虎甲虫)runs faster than its eyes can keep up，basically becoming blind，which requires it to stop periodically to reevaluate its preys(猎物 )position.”可知，虎甲虫虽然奔跑的速度快，但是视力跟不上奔跑的速度，需要偶尔停下来重新确定猎物的位置，故 D项正确。.完形填空(2017山西考前适应性测试)My father, Danny Thomas
25、, was a famous comedian, singer, actor, and producer with many fans.When I was a child I 1 him.Once，my father made a(n) 2 with Margaret OBrien and he often took me to the set.I also wanted to be a movie star.Ten years later, at age seventeen, I got my 3 I played the lead in Gigi.However, the 4 of fi
26、nally being a real actress was painfully shortlived.All the interviews and all the reviews 5 my father.Would I be as good as my father? Was I as gifted，as funny? Would I be as popular? I was extremely 6 I loved my father，but my 7 was just him.“Daddy， ” I began, “please dont be 8 when I tell you this
27、.I want to change my 9 I love you but I dont want to be a Thomas anymore.”I tried not to 10 during the long silence.And then he said, “I raised you to be a thoroughbred(优秀的赛马)When thoroughbreds run, they wear blinders to keep their eyes focused straight 11 with no disturbance，no other horses.They he
28、ar the crowd but they dont 12 They just run their own race.Thats what you have to do.Dont listen to anyone 13 you to me or to 6anyone else.You just run your own race.”The next night 14 the crowd filled into the theater，the stage manager 15 me a white box with a red ribbon.I opened it up and inside w
29、as a pair of old horse blinders with a little note that 16 ， “Run your own race，Baby.”Run your own race, Baby.Dad could have said it a dozen other ways: “Be 17 ”； “Dont be influenced by others.” But it wouldnt have been the same.He chose the right words at the right time.And all 18 my life, Ive been
30、 able to come to the point by asking myself, “Am I running my race or 19 elses.”I thank my father for all his words that continue to live in my 20 【语篇解读】 作者通过自己的经历让我们明白一个人生哲理：走好自己的路，让别人说去吧。1A.hated BadoredCfeared DavoidedB 根据上文中提及的“was a famous comedian，singer，actor，and producer with many fans”可知，作者
31、的父亲是一个著名的喜剧家、歌手、演员及制作人，而且有许多粉丝，因此，作者小时候很崇拜(adore)他。故选 B 项。hate 意为“厌恶；憎恨” ；fear 意为“害怕；恐惧” ；avoid 意为“避免” 。2A.movie BalbumCrecord DinterviewA 根据下文中的“I also wanted to be a movie star.”可知，此处指作者的父亲跟玛格丽特奥布赖恩一起拍电影(movie)，他经常把作者带到拍摄现场。故选 A 项。album 意为“相册；唱片” ；record 意为“记录” ；interview 意为“采访；面试” 。3A.position Ba
32、wardCdegree DchanceD 根据下文中的“I played the lead in Gigi.”可知，作者也想成为一名电影明星，而她在电影琪琪中饰演主角，说明作者在 17 岁时得到了一次机会(chance)。故选D 项。position 意为“职位；位置” ；award 意为“荣誉；奖励” ；degree 意为“程度；学位” 。4A.affection BanxietyCexcitement DbitternessC 联系上文及常识可知，作者实现了当演员的梦想，心情一定是激动的。affection意为“感情；喜爱；感染” ；anxiety 意为“忧虑；担忧” ；excitemen
33、t 意为“兴奋；激动” ；7bitterness 意为“痛苦；悲痛；怨恨” 。故选 C 项。句意：然而痛苦的是，最终成为真正的女演员的激动并未持续很久。5A.focused on Brelied onCappealed to Dattended toA 根据下文中的 Would I be as good as my father？及从上文可知作者的父亲很有名，所以记者都想从作者身上得到关于她父亲的各种相关信息。也就是说，所有的采访和评论的焦点都围绕着父亲。focus on 意为“集中于” ，故选 A 项。rely on 意为“依靠；信赖” ；appeal to 意为“上诉；申诉；对有吸引力；呼
34、吁；恳求” ；attend to 意为“注意；致力于；关心；照料；护理” 。6A.calm BupsetCtouched DguiltyB 根据上文可推知，作者本来因为成为真正的演员而感到兴奋，但是几乎没有人关心她自己的努力，只关心她父亲的情况，所以她很心烦(upset)。故选 B 项。calm 意为“冷静的” ；touched 意为“感动的” ；guilty 意为“内疚的；有罪的” 。7A.belief BlimitCmodel DproblemD 作者由于外人都聚焦于父亲而无人关心她的努力而很苦恼，因此，此处指作者爱她的父亲，但她的问题(problem)就是他。故选 D 项。belief
35、意为“信仰；信条” ；limit意为“限制；局限” ；model 意为“模型；典型；模范” 。8A.puzzled BinjuredChurt DconfusedC 根据上文可知，作者因为她的父亲心烦意乱，再结合下文内容，作者想改名字可知，她不想父亲因此受到伤害。puzzled 意为“困惑的” ；injured 意为“受伤的” ；hurt可指身心受到的伤害；confused 意为“困惑的” 。故选 C 项。9A.role BnameCschool DmajorB 根据下一句可知，作者不想再用托马斯这个姓了，因此，她想改掉名字(name)。故选 B 项。role 意为“角色” ；school 意
36、为“学校” ；major 意为“专业” 。10A.cry BsmileCscream DlaughA 根据语境，作者说出会让父亲受伤的话，自己肯定也不舒服。cry 意为“哭泣” ；smile 意为“微笑” ；scream 意为“尖叫” ；laugh 意为“笑；嘲笑” 。故选 A 项。句意：在8一阵长时间的沉默中，我努力不去哭泣。11A.ahead BaroundCabout DasideA 当赛马奔跑时，它们会戴着眼罩遮住自己的眼睛，以便把注意力集中在前方(ahead)，不受任何干扰，也不看其他的马。故选 A 项。12A.hesitate BmoveCshout DlistenD 根据上文中的
37、 hear 及 but 表转折可知，它们听到马群的声音，但是它们不去听，hear 与 listen 相对应。故选 D 项。hesitate 意为“犹豫；迟疑” ；move 意为“移动” ；shout 意为“呼喊” 。13A.leading BcomparingCtying DintroducingB 从上文可知作者不能忍受媒体总是拿她跟她的父亲比较，还因此想改名，她的父亲劝她不要受他人评价的影响。结合下文“.You just run your own race.”可知，不要在意任何人把她跟父亲比较。lead 意为“领导；带领” ；compare 意为“比较” ；tie 意为“系；打结；与打成平
38、局” ；introduce 意为“介绍；引进” 。故选 B 项。14A.until BthoughCas DsinceC 句意：第二天晚上，在观众排队进入影院的时候，舞台经理递给我一个系着一条红丝带的白色盒子。根据句意可知，设空处表示“当的时候” ，引导时间状语从句。故选 C 项。until 意为“直到” ；though 意为“尽管” ；since 意为“自从；既然；由于” ，均不符合语境。15A.delivered BhandedCdropped DpressedB 根据下文中的 I opened it up 可知，此处指舞台经理递给(hand)作者一个盒子。故选 B 项。deliver 意
39、为“邮寄；发表；接生” ；drop 意为“放弃；下降” ；press 意为“压；挤；推；施加压力” 。16A.wrote BshowedCprinted DreadD 设空后的“Run your own race，Baby.”是纸条上写的内容。write 意为“写” ；show 意为“显示；说明” ；print 意为“印刷；打印” 。此处指纸条上“写着” ，应用read。故选 D 项。917A.grateful BmodestCindependent DconsiderateC 句意：爸爸本来可以用许多其他方式说出这句话：“要独立(independent)” ；“不要被其他人影响” 。据上文可
40、知，父亲的意思就是要独立，故选 C 项。grateful 意为“感激的” ；modest 意为“谦虚的；谦逊的；适度的；端庄的” ；considerate 意为“考虑周到的；体贴的” ，均不符合语境。18A.toward BbeyondCthrough DbehindC 句意：在我整个(through)人生中，我已经能直奔主题扪心自问：“我现在是在参加自己的比赛还是其他人的呢？”all through 后接时间表示“整个” 。toward 意为“朝；向” ；beyond 意为“超出” ；behind 意为“在后面” ，均不符语境。故选 C 项。19A.somebody BanybodyCnobody DeverybodyA or 表示选择，根据设空前的 running my race 可知，设空处指“其他人的” 。根据语境可知 A 项。20A.recognition BdreamCexperience DheartD 作者非常感谢父亲，谢谢他那些将继续深藏于作者内心(heart)的话。故选 D 项。recognition 意为“识别；承认；认出；重视；赞誉；公认” ；dream 意为“梦想” ；experience 意为“经历；经验” ，均不符合语境。 【导学号：44040178】
