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复习五:数词.ppt

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1、语法系统讲解 数词(numeral),Class 3, Senior 2 May 27th, 2015 by Yang Caixia,Lets listen to and learn a “超好听的” english song,Its a song of _.,number,Learning aims,1. Learn and master Cardinal numerals, Ordinal numerals and their usages. (掌握基数词和序数词以及它们的用法) 2. Master the use of the numerals such as Fractions(分数)

2、, Percentages(百分数) and Decimals(小数) and learn to use the correct numerals to finish the exercises on page 22-3.(掌握数词的应用),表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。,什么叫数词?,一、基数词(Cardinal numerals),基数词不难记, 找清规律很容易, 十二以内词各异; 十三数到十九去, 十三十五十八特殊记,后加-teen莫忘记 二十三十至九十, 整十之后有-ty; 要说“几十几”, 中间-号别丢弃

3、, Hundred是一百, 请你记住莫大意。,巧记口诀,one,Sixty-six,Twenty-one,twenty,twelve,eleven,nineteen,ninety,eighty,eighteen,seventy,seventeen,ten,nine,fourty,three,thirteen,thirty,One hundred and four,four,fifteen,fourteen,fifty,.,sixteen,eight,seven,six,five,sixty,.,two,表示“十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示“几十岁” 或年代,构成“ in + (adj.)+ 整

4、十的基数词的复数”, 例如:1)He is in his early thirties2)He died still in his forties3)This took place in 1930s,2. 基数词的用法,基数词单数名词形容词构成合成形容词。 一个五岁的男孩 a five-year-old boy;一座800米长的桥基数词常与名词构成的合成词在句中作定语,中间要用连字符 “_”,这个名词只用单数形式如:一个七天假期:,a seven-day holiday,an 800-metre-long bridge;,二、序数词(Ordinal numerals),要想学好序数词, 第一、

5、二、三要牢记; 八去“t”,九去“e”, “ve”要用“f”替; 如果以“y”来结尾, 把“y”变成“i”和“e”; 以上变化须牢记, “th”最后加上去。,巧记口诀,7th seventh,1st first,14th fourteenth,13th thirteenth,2nd second,3rd third,9th ninth,4th fourth,8th eighth,5th fifth,15th fifteenth,10th tenth,以下类推,30th thirtieth,20th twentieth,18th eighteenth,12th twelfth,6th sixth

6、,17th seventeenth,16th sixteenth,.,19th nineteenth,11th elventh,hundredth,thousandth,millionth,二、序数词(Ordinal numerals),序数词的构成 掌握基本序数词(1st19th)特殊类: 大众类:外形有规律,直接在词尾加_ 共11个:fourth,sixth,seventh, tenth,eleventh, thirteenth,fourteenth,fifteenth,sixteenth,seventeenth,eighteenth,nineteenth。 微变类:也是以th结尾,但词中

7、字母有变异、省略现象fifth, eighth,ninth和twelfth共四个 five fifth,twelvetwelfth,eighteighth,nineninth,first,second和third,th,二、序数词(Ordinal numerals),序数词的构成 掌握基本序数词(1st19th)特殊类: 大众类:外形有规律,直接在词尾加_ 共11个:fourth,sixth,seventh, tenth,eleventh, thirteenth,fourteenth,fifteenth,sixteenth,seventeenth,eighteenth,nineteenth。

8、微变类:也是以th结尾,但词中字母有变异、省略现象fifth, eighth,ninth和twelfth共四个 five fifth,twelvetwelfth,eighteighth,nineninth,first,second和third,th,“整十“序数词 “整十“序数词指表达“第几十“的序数词,它们的变化特别有规律:把相应基数词末尾的“y“变为ie,再加th。 如:twentieth (20th) thirtieth (30th) fortieth (40th) fiftieth (50th) sixtieth (60th) seventieth (70th) eightieth (

9、80th) ninetieth (90th) “几十几”的数字十位数字用基数词,个位数字用序数词,中间用连字符 twenty-first (21st) forty-fifth (45th) thirty-second (32nd) eighty-seventh (87th),序数词主要用作定语,前面要加定冠词 eg. John lives on the fifteenth floor序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”,“又一” eg.Well have to do it a second timeShall I ask him a third time?用在某个特定的时间前,如:第二次世

10、界大战: _,2. 序数词的用法,三、数词的应用,1、分数(Fractions),分数词:由基数词和序数词组合而成, 分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示,有时可用连字符“-”,有时连字符可省略,分子大于1时,分母加-s。,one second,one third,Two thirds /two-thirds,1/2, 1/3, 2/3,Three-fourths of the homework_done yesterday. One third of the students _cleaning the classroom.,2、小数(Decimals),小数的表示法:小数点前的部分同其它数词

11、一样,小数点用point,小数点后面的数读成个位数。0.2 -0.03 -1.19 -13.470 -136.45-,zero point two,zero point zero three,one point one nine,thirteen point four seven zero,One hundred and thirty six point four five,3、百分数(Percentages),读百分数时,只要在基数词或小数词之后加上percent即可,或直接将数词放在单词percent前。25 - 8 - 0.5 - 0.16-,twenty-five percent,ei

12、ght per cent,zero point five percent,zero point one six percent,分数和百分数后面不能直接跟名词或代词,而应是“分数或百分数+of+冠词或限定词+名词或代词”,其谓语动词与of后面的名词在人称和数上保持一致。,4、大约数表示法,用ten,dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million等数词的复数+of短语表示_,_,_,_,_,_等大约数概念 Tens of_ Dozens of_ Scores of_ Hundreds of _ Thousands of _ Millions of_,eg. Two hu

13、ndreds of students were plantng trees on the hill.,一般情况下我们用以下三种倍数表达方式: (1)倍数用在形容词原级比较的第一个as前面。如: I have three times as many books as you do.(2)倍数用在表示度量的名词(size / length / weight)前。如:The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 其基本结构为:倍数 + the + 度量名词 + of + 表示比较对象的名词。,5、倍数表示法,(3)倍数放在形容词或副词的比较级之前或by +

14、倍数用在比较级之后。如:This rope is four times longer than that one.,This rope is longer than that one by four times,6、时刻表达法,1).表示整点,We often get up at six (oclock) in the morning.,用基数词加oclock构成,oclock也可省略,介词用at,2).表示“几点过几分”,用past,但分数必须在半小时以内(包括半小时),9:05 读作:_ 9:23 读作: _ 9:30 读作:_,6、时刻表达法,3).表示“几点差几分”,用介词to,但分数

15、必须在半小时以上(不包括半小时),9:40 读作:_ 9:45 读作: _ 9:55 读作:_,7、编号表示法,1).基数词和序数词可以表示事物的编号。着重编号,用“名词+基数词”;着重顺序,用“序数词+名词”。如:,Lesson One= the first lesson,2).其他号码,Room 111 Bus (No.)102 Lesson 5 Page 22,8、年月日表示法,1).表示年份,用基数词,先读前一位或两位数,再读后两位数,1978年 :_ 2001年 :_,2).表示年代、世纪,20世纪80年代 :_ 21世纪:_ 六十年代:_,3).表示月份,1月_; 2月_; 3月_

16、; 4月_;5月_;6月_; 7月_;8月_;9月_; 10月_;11月_;12月_.,4).表示年、月、日,1949年5月4日,“年”用基数词,“日”用序数词,前面用介词on,May 4th, 1949 / 4th May, 1949,May the fourth, nineteen forty-nine 或the fourth of May nineteen forty-nine,January (Jan.),April (Apr.),May,July,August (Aug.),November (Nov.),October (Oct.),February(Feb.),December

17、(Dec.),September (Sept.),June,March (Mar.),Practice and consolidation,Finish exercises on page 22 in your workbook学业水平考试大纲.,Summary and Homework,1. Sort out your notes after class and try to remember the use of numerals. 2. Finish rational cloze test IV (on page 96)and error correction test III (on page 105) in your workbook学业水平考试大纲.,

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