1、不定式,to do,to be done,to be doing,to have done,to have been done,不定式的否定:,not/never to,Im glad to meet you again. The patient is asked to be operated on.The boy pretended to be working hard.He seems to be reading in his room.I regretted to have told a lie.I happened to have seen the film.,1. 一般式,表示的动作
2、与谓语动作同时发生,表示将来,2. 进行式：,与谓语动词动作同时发生。,3. 完成式：,在谓语动词动作之前发生。,It is great pleasure to do this. It seems a pity to waste them. It is important to finish this job in time.,1.做主语,To finish this job in time is important.,To master a foreign language is no easy job.,It is no easy job to master a foreign langu
3、age.,To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.,It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.,What I want to do is to write it down.Her job is to clean the hall.He appears to have caught a cold.,表示具体的动作/打算/计划/命令/要求等,2. 做表语：,常用于不定式作宾语连用的动词:选择 声称.决定. 要求.渴望. 决定期待 希望学会 设法做成主动提出 假装许诺 拒绝威胁 希望,I
4、refuse to do the job.,3. 做宾语:,choose to do claim to do decide to do demand to do desire to do determine to do expect to do hope to do learn to do manage to do offer to do pretend to do promise to do refuse to do threaten to do wish to do,He found it necessary to work hard at English.Marx found it im
5、portant to study the situation in Russia.,常见动词有: advice cause allow ask encourage expect forbid force get invite inspire permit warn wait for call on depend on 我父亲不允许我独自一人晚上出去. My father doesnt allow me to go out alone at night.,The teacher encouraged the student to try again after the failure.,4. 作
6、宾补,我有一个会议要参加。 I have a meeting to attend. 他是第一个到达那里的人。 He is the first person to get there.,The child has nothing to worry_. I had got no place to live_ . He has a strict teacher to listen_ .,动词相应的介词一定不能省,about,in,to,Have you got anything to send?,5. 作定语:放在_,后,被修饰的名词或代词,a. He worked day and night to
7、 get the money.He went home to see his mother. b. He got up late to miss the trainShe is too young to understand all these. I visited him only to find him out.,Exe: he hurried to the railway station, only _ that the train had gone. A; finding B; to find C; to have found D; having found,B,6. 作状语,注意:不
8、定式主动形式表被动这个问题很难回答。 The question is difficult to answer.他们发现这本书很难懂。They found the book hard to understand.你该受谴责。You are to blame.没什么好害怕的。 There is nothing to fear.给我一些书读。Give me some books to read.,1.He claimed _ in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday. A: being badly treated B: treat
9、ing badly C: to be treated badly D: to have been badly treated,D,2.I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child. A: is to blame B: is going to blame C: is to be blamed D: should blame,A,3.There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy. A: to be chosen B: to choose from C: to choose D
10、: for choosing,B,动名词,1.作主语,收集信息对商人很有用.Collecting information is very useful to business men. It is no use/good doing It is no use crying over the spilt milk. 在考试中作弊是没有好处的. It is no good cheating in the exam.,eg. Seeing is believing.,2. 作宾语,admit,appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, enjoy, feel
11、like, imagine, mind, practise, risk, suggest, advise,allow,permit We dont allow _ ( smoke ). We dont allow people _( smoke )here.,smoking,to smoke,eg. Do you mind being left alone at home?He is fond of climbing high mountains.,常见用动名词作宾语的动词有:,While the weather is fine, I must get down to repairing th
12、e house. This kind of test is bad because it leads to incorrect learning. I look forward to receiving your reply. 4. Pay attention to your spelling when youre writing something. 5. She stuck to reading the foreign language every morning.,开始认真做某事,导致，通向,期待，盼望,注意,坚持，不放弃,to + doing 的词组,6. She devoted he
13、r life to helping homeless children. 7. In addition to studying English, he had to study a second foreign language. 8. Do you object to smoking? 9. She is now at college and on the way to becoming a teacher. 10. The fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people who worked in the building. 11. By
14、 the end of the year, the total money collected had come to over 92 million dollars.,致力于，献身于,除外，还,反对，不赞成,正要成为,属于,达到,Failing the exam will disappoint parents._ the exam will disappoint my parents.,动名词的复合结构:,1. 逻辑主语是人时: 作主语用,My failing,Henrys being late for class today made his teacher very angry.,Wou
15、ld you mind my/me smoking?,作宾语时既可以用,所有格或sbs,所有格,也可以用宾格,2. 逻辑主语是无生命的名词时, 只用名词的普通格,The 18th Industry Revolution was caused by the steam engine being invented. Is there any hope of our team winning the match?,I have heard about the teacher _. A: rob B: robbed C: robbing D: being robbed We are inspired
16、by the news of China _ another satellite. A: launching B: to launch C: launched,s,s,动词后接 doing 和 to do 的差异,remember doingremember to do Please remember _( bring )your book with you tomorrow. I remember_ ( bring ) my bookthis morning.,forget doing 曾经做过这件事，但后来忘了 forget to do 忘记要做一件事 （根本没做） He has forg
17、otten _ (say) that before. He was very busy and forget _ ( mail ) this letter.,regret doingregret to do,我很遗憾的告诉你我不能给你任何建议. I regret to say that I cant give you any advice. 他后悔错过了王教授的演讲。 He regretted having missed the speech made by Professor Wang.,mean doingmean to do,意味着，意图是 打算做某事,I meant to write
18、you a letter, but I didnt knowyour address. His words doesnt mean doing it as you like.,后悔做过的事,遗憾地要去做某事，后常跟say/ tell/ inform 等,try doingtry to do,试着去做一件事，尝试某个手段 设法想达到某个目的,If no one hears you, try _ at the back window. ( knock ) He tried hard _ to share in thepleasure of his officials. ( pretend),kno
19、cking,to pretend,stop doing stop to do,Not knowing the way, he _.Please _. Its not allowed here.,stopped to ask thepoliceman,stop smoking,1.Im going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything _? A: to be buying B: to buy C: for buying D: bought,2. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all
20、 he had to _ some schools for poor children. A: set up B: setting up C: have set up D: having set up 3. Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan. A: his being not able B: him not to be able C: his not being able D: him to be not able,4. The discovery of the new evidence led to
21、_. A: the thief having caught B: catch the thief C: the thief being caught D: the thief to be caught 5. I have done everything I can think _ Tom get over his trouble. A: about help B: of to help C: in help D: over helping,6. She woke early _ it was snowing. A: finding B: to find C: found D: to have
22、found7. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _ . A: not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to,1. be worth doing = be worthy of being done= be worthy to be done 2. feel like doing = be inclined to do倾向于 3. how about doing = how do you likewhat about doing = what do you think of 4. on doing = as soon as + clause 5. keep on doing = continue doing,句型归纳,常见词组转换,7. it is no use doing = it is useless to do 8. there is no need to do=there is no need in doing 9. be used to doing = be accustomed to doing 10. succeed in doing = manage to do.,
