新起点中考英语专题复习之非谓语动词.doc

1、中考专题复习之非谓语动词考点讲解动词不定式（1）基本形式： to+动词原形 （在某些情况下可以不带 to）（2）特点 ： A .没有人称和数的变化可以有自己的宾语和状语 (3) 用法 ：A、作主语，如To learn a foreign language is not easy . = Its not easy to learn a foreign language.注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用 IT 作形式主语，将不定式后置。除动词 be 外， 动词 take,cost 也常用于上述结构。B、作表语，如The important thing is to finish the work

2、 on time . C、作宾语：动词 + to do 常见动词有 agree,decide ,fail, hope, wish , want, plan 等动词+疑问词 + to do I dont know what to do .动词 + it(形式宾语） +宾补 +to do I find it important to learn EnglishD.作宾补: 动词 + 宾语 +to do Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary .注：有以上结构的常用动词有 tell. wish, ask, want , like, beg, in

3、vite, warn, allow,encourage,advise 等。动词 + 宾语 + do 注：常用的动词是：感官动词 see, hear, feel, watch, notice； 使役动词 have ,make,let.E、作状语 可以表目的、表结果、表原因F、作定语（必须后置）Its a good book to read.在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点要注意哦 ！1、在感官动词和使役动词后作宾补时，不定式可省略 to,但以上词变为被动语态时，要加上 to, 如I always saw her play violin .He was made to work 12hours a

4、day.2、动词不定式的否定形式为：not + to doMr.Smith asked the boy _not play) this kind of game.Please have him _(not do) so much housework. 3. what, where, when, how, which + 动词不定式, 作主语，宾语和表语.I dont know what to do.How to work out this problem is the real problem that were facing to.I havent decided which to buy.

5、4.“Why not.?”之后的不定式不带 to。如：Why not let me help you?Why not go there with your wife?5.当不定式结构由 and, or, except, but, than 连接时，第二个不定式通常不带 to。例如：I want to lie down and go to sleep.Do you want to have lunch now or wait till later?We had nothing to do except watch the TV.动名词用法1、作主语Picking apples is much b

6、etter than having classes.2、作宾语1）只能接动名词做宾语的动词有 miss, finish, mind, keep, practice, enjoy, feel like 等。完成实践值得忙（finish,practice,be worthbe busy）继续习惯别放弃(keep on, be used to, give up)考虑建议不禁想(consider,suggest, cant help, feel like)喜欢思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind)（2）既可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有两类：a)意义区分不大：begin , start,

7、 like, love, hate, prefer 等。b)意义不同：remember, forget, stop, go on , try, mean 等remember, forget 在 remember, forget 之后，用-ing 分词表示动作发生在“记得”， “忘记”之前。用不定式则表示动作发生 在 “记得”、 “忘记”之后。试比较： Cant you remember telling me the story last night? =You told me the story last night. Cant you remember it? You must rememb

8、er to tell him all that. =You must tell him all that. Dont forget it. stop, go on 在 stop, go on 等动词之后，通常用-ing 分词结构作宾语；若用不定式结构，便不是宾语而是目的状语，相当于 in order to。比较： They stopped watching TV at 9.30.=At 9.30 they did not watch TV any more.They stopped to watch TV at 9.30.=They paused at 9.30 in order to wat

9、ch TV.try, mean, cant help在 try, mean, cant help 等动词之后，用-ing 分词结构还是用不定式结构，取决于这些动词本身的不同含义。例如：Your plan would mean spending hours. (mean 作“意味着 ”解）I didnt mean to make you angry. (mean 作“打算”解）If you want to improve the taste, try adding some sugar. (try 作“试着、试用”解）Philip tried to answer each question by

10、 himself. (try 作“努力、设法”解） 3、作表语His favorite sport is playing basketball . 4、作定语shopping basket finishing line reading room washing machine注意:1、-ing 分词的逻辑主语既能采用名词通格和名词属格形式，也能采用代词宾格和物主限定词形式。例如：I dont mind John / Johns / him / his buying another one.2、动名词的习惯用语：a.Its no use doing sth. f.be used to doing

11、 sth.b. cant help doing st j.spend(in) doing sth.c. feel like doing sth. h.look forward to doing sth.d. be busy doing sth. i.hold on to doing sth.e. No doing g.have/trouble/problem(s)/fun doing sth.3.-ed 分词作前置修饰语通常带有被动意义和完成意义；而-ing 分词通常带有主动意义和未完成意义。例如：developing country developed country4.已经形容词化了的-e

12、d 分词和 -ing 分词.例如： excite interest disappointIm interested in English.Its an interesting book.中考复习之非谓语考点训练1.Ive work with children before, so I know what _ in my job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects2.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A. to eat not B. eating

13、 not C. not to eat D. not eat3.The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself_ . A.hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard4.-I usually go there by train.-Why not _ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going5. How about the two of us _ a walk down the

14、 garden? A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking 6. She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned7. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding8.

15、He gave us some advice on how_ English.A.learning B. learned C. to learn D. learn9.Is_necessary to change trains at Beijing?A. this B. that C. it D. he10.Our father often told us in the past that _is believing.A.to see B.seeing C.see D.to be seen11.She reached the top of the hill and stopped_ a big

16、rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.resting C.to rest D .rest12. It was so cold that they kept the fire _all night.A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned13.Im thirsty. Would you please give me something_.A.drunk B.to drink C.to be drunk D.for drinking14.They knew her very well.They had

17、seen her_up from childhood.A.grow B.grew C.was growing D.to grow15.Tom is the first _ to school.A. get B. to get C.getting D. got16.Would you mind _ your radio a little?A.turn off B.turning off C.to turn down D.turning down17.Dont you remember _? A.seeing the man before B.saw the man beforeC.to see

18、the man before D.to haveseen the man before18.People couldnt help _ the foolish emperor in the procession.A.laugh at B.to laugh at C.laughing at D.laughing on19.Do you remember _ me at a party last year?A.meet B.to meet C.meeting D.met20.Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one.A.to do B.doing C.with D.t