1、中国人民大学 2001 Vocabulary (10 points)Part A (5 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET.1.And the to
2、pic “fat” is forbidden. Even the slightest paunch betrays that one is losing the trim and of youth.A. vague B. vigor C. vogue D. vulgar2.All specialists agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs iscarefully the risks and benefits.A. valuing B. evaluating C. estimating D. weighing3.
3、Chinese often shake my hand and dont let go. They talk away contentedly, of my discomfort and struggle to disengage my hand.A. oblivious B. patent C. obvious D. pernicious4.The word “foolish” is too mild to describe your behavior, I would prefer the word .A. ideological B. idyllic C. idiotic D. idio
4、matic5.Because of its excellence in quality, for the last two years, Audi car has Germanys Touring Car Championship.A. conquered B. contested C. dominated D. determined6.What we consider a luxury at one time frequently becomes a , many families find that ownership of two cars is indispensable.A. fas
5、hion B. necessity C. proclivity D. nuisance7.The chief editor thought he took some liberties with the original in translation. So it was necessary that he make the suggested.A. alterations B. alternatives C. alternations D. altercations8.Many well-educated people dont believe that will endanger free
6、dom of speech.A. censership B. censureship C. sensorship D. censorship9.The of “snake” is simply this: a legless reptile with a long, thin body.A. connotation B. denomination C. donation D. denotation 10.When the opposing player fouled John, John let his anger his good sense and hit the boy back.A.
7、got the feel of B. got the hang ofC. got the better of D. got the worst ofPart B (5 points)Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the unde
8、rlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET .11.Although this book claims to be a biography of George Washington, many of the incidents are imaginary.A. fascinating B. factitious C. fastidious D. fictitious12.The trade fair is designed to fac
9、ilitate further cooperation between Chinese auto industries and overseas auto industries.A. promote B. protect C. preserve D. prolong13.He was concerned only with mundane matters, especially the daily stock market quotations.A. rational B. obscure C. worldly D. eminent14.The earthquake that occurred
10、 in India this year was a major calamity in which a great many lives were lost.A. casualty B. catastrophe C. catalogue D. crusade15.The doctors were worried because the patient did not recuperate as rapidly as they had expected.A. withdraw B. emerge C. recover D. uncover16.The purchaser of this lorr
11、y is protected by the manufacturers warranty that he will re place any defective part for five years or 50,000 miles.A. prohibition B. insurance C. prophecy D. guarantee17.The boy could not reconcile himself to the failure, he did not believe that was his lot.A. submit B. commit C. transmit D. permi
12、t18.In some cities of North China, the noise pollution is as pronounced as that in Tokyo.A. contemptuous B. contagious C. conspicuous D. contemplated19.Trivial breaches of regulations we can pass over, but more serious ones will have to be investigated.A. exceed B. wither C. overpass D. neglect20.We
13、 were discussing the housing problem when a middle-aged man cut in and said,“Theres no point in talking about impossibilities.”A. intersect B. interject C. penetrate D. adulterate Cloze (10 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked
14、 A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on the ANSWER SHEET.Motorways are, no doubt the safest roads in Britain. Mile for mile, vehicle for vehicle, you
15、are much more likely to be killed or seriously injured than on an ordinary road. On 23 the other hand, if you do have a serious accident on a motorway, fatalities are much more likely to happen24 than in a comparable accident 25 on the roads.Motorways have no 26 bends, no roundabouts or traffic ligh
16、ts and 27 speeds are much greater than on other roads. Though the 70 mph limit is 28 in force, it is often treated with the contempt that most drivers have for the 30 mpb limit applying in built up areas in Britain. Added to this is the fact that motorway drivers seem to like traveling in groups wit
17、h perhaps 29 ten metres between each vehicle. The resulting horrific pile-ups 30 vehicle stops for some reason, such as mechanical failure, driver error and so on, have become all 31 familiar through pictures in newspapers or on television. How 32 of these drivers realize that it takes a car about o
18、ne hundred metres to brake to a stop 33 70 mph? Drivers also seem to think that motorway driving gives them complete protection from the changing weather. 34 wet the road, whatever the visibility in mist or fog, on they 35 at ridiculous speeds oblivious of police warnings or speed restrictions 36 th
19、eir journey comes to a conclusion. Perhaps one remedy 37 this motorway madness would be better driver education. At present, learner drivers are bared 38 motorways and are thus as far as this kind of driving is 39 thrown in at the deep end. However, much more efficient policing is required, 40 it is
20、 the duty of the police not only to enforce the law but also to protect the general public from its own foolishness.21.A.for B. after C. to D. by22.A.more B. far C. less D. lesser23.A.another B. other C. one D. the other24.A.come up B. occur C. be found D. arise25.A.everywhere B. elsewhere C. anywhe
21、re D. somewhere26.A.pointed B. steep C. vertical D. sharp27.A.thus B. then C. so D. thereupon28.A.yet B. even C. still D. subsequently29.A.utterly B. simply C. barely D. purely30.A.because B. since C. when D. for31.A.too B. also C. unduly D. unreasonably32.A.many B. much C. deeply D. profoundly33.A.
22、to B. from C. at D. for34.A.Whatever B. However C. Whoever D. How35.A.push B. rake C. till D. plough36.A.unless B. before C. thus D. until37.A.to B. for C. of D. on38.A.from B. against C. away D. off39.A.related B. considered C. concerned D. touched40.A.but B. then C. them D. for Reading Comprehensi
23、on(20 points)Directions: Read the following passages, decide on the best one of the choices marked A, B,C and D for each question or unfinished statement and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET .Passage 1The next time the men were taken up onto t
24、he deck, Kunta made a point of looking at the man behind him in line, the one who lay beside him to the left when they were below. He was a Serere tribesman much older than Kunta, and his body, front and back, was creased with whip cuts, some of them so deep and festering that Kunta felt badly for h
25、aving wished sometimes that he might strike the man in the darkness for moaning so steadily in his pain. Staring back at Kunta, the Sereres dark eyes were full of fury and defiance. A whip lashed out even as they stood looking at each otherthis time at Kunta, spurring him to move ahead. Trying to ro
26、ll away, Kunta was kicked heavily in his ribs. But somehow he and the gasping Wolof managed to stagger back up among the other men from their shelf who were shambling toward their dousing with buckets of seawater.A moment later, the stinging saltiness of it was burning in Kuntas wounds, and his scre
27、ams joined those of others over the sound of the drum and the wheezing thing that had again begun marking time for the chained men to jump and dance for the toubob. Kunta and the Wolof were so weak from their new beating that twice they stumbled, but whip blows and kicks sent them hopping clumsily u
28、p and down in their chains. So great was his fury that Kunta was barely aware of the women singing “Toubob fa!” And when he had finally been chained back down in his place in the dark hold, his heart throbbed with a lust to murder toubob. Every few days the eight naked toubob would again come into t
29、he stinking darkness and scrape their tubs full of the excrement that had accumulated on the shelves where the chained men lay. Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring bale fully in hatred, following the bobbing orange lights, listening to the toubod cursing and sometimes slipping and tailing in
30、to the slickness underfootso plentiful now, because of the increasing looseness of the mens bowels, that the filth had begun to drop off the edges of the shelves down into the aisleway.The last time they were on deck, Kunta had noticed a man limping on a badly infected leg. This time the man was kep
31、t up on deck when the rest were taken back below. A few days later, the women told the other prisoners in their singing that the mans leg had been cut off and that one of the women had been brought to tend him, but that the man had died that night and been thrown over the side. Starting then, when t
32、he toubob came to clean the shelves, they also dropped red-hot pieces of metal into pails of strong vinegar. The clouds of acrid steam left the hold smelling better, but soon it would again be overwhelmed by the choking stink. It was a smell that Kunta felt would never leave his lungs and skin.The s
33、teady murmuring that went on in the hold whenever the toubob were gone kept growing in volume and intensity as the men began to communicate better and better with one another. Words not understood were whispered from mouth to ear along the shelves until someone who knew more than one tongue would se
34、nd back their meanings. In the process, all of the men along each shelf learned new words in tongues they had not spoken before. Sometimes men jerked upward, bumping their heads, in the double excitement of communicating with each other and the fact that it was being done without the toubobs knowled
35、ge. Muttering among themselves for hours, the men developed a deepening sense of intrigue and of brotherhood. Though they were of different villages and tribes, the feeling grew that they were not from different peoples or places.41.The living conditions for the Blacks in the hold of the slave ship
36、were .A. adequate but primitiveB. inhumane and inadequateC. humane but crowdedD. similar to the crews quarters42.The prisoners had difficulty communicating with each other because .A. they were too sick to talkB. they distrusted one anotherC. no one felt like talkingD. they spoke different languages
37、43.Which of the following words is closest in meaning to balefully as used in “Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring balefully in hatred”? A. Indulgently B. VacantlyC. Forlornly D. Menacingly44.By constantly referring to such things as filth and choking stink, the author seeks to create a tone
38、 that arouses a feeling of .A. disgust with the dirtB. horror at the injusticeC. revolting at the foul odorD. relief that this happened long ago45.Despite their intense pain and suffering, the Black men found a small measure of comfort in .A. their exercise periods on deckB. the breathtaking ocean s
39、ceneryC. their conversations with the Black womenD. their conversations with one anotherPassage 2Large, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines. But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economys vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny
40、shops and restaurants, neighborhood services and factories. Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100 workers, now employ nearly 60 percent of the work force and are expected to generate half of all new jobs between now and the year 2000. Some 1.2 million small firms have opened their d
41、oors over the past six years of economic growth, and 1989 will see an additional 200,000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own.Too many of these pioneers, however, will blaze ahead unprepared. Idealists will o verestimate the clamor for their products or fail to factor in the competition. Nearly e
42、veryone will underestimate, often fatally, the capital that success requires. Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quit the corporation and find another way to support themselves, may savor the idea of being their own boss but may forget that entrepreneurs must also, at l
43、east for a while, be bookkeeper and receptionist, too. According to Small Business Administration data, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are likely to have disappeared in two years, and 27 more will have shut their doors four years from now. By 1995, more than 60 of those 100 start-ups
44、will have folded. A new study of 3,000 small businesses, sponsored by American Express and the National Federation of Independent Business, suggests slightly better odds: Three years after start-up, 77 percent of the companies surveyed were still alive. Most credited their success in large part to h
45、aving picked a business they already were comfortable in. Eighty percent had worked with the same product or service in their last jobs.Thinking through an enterprise before the launch is obviously critical. But many entrepreneurs forget that a firms health in its infancy may be little indication of
46、 how well it will age. You must tenderly monitor its pulse. In their zeal to expand, small-business owners often ignore early warning signs of a stagnant market or of decaying profitability. They hopefully pour more and more money into the enterprise, preferring not to acknowledge eroding profit mar
47、gins that mean the market for their ingenious service or product has evaporated, or that they must cut the payroll or vacate their lavish offices. Only when the financial well runs dry do they see the seriousness of the illness, and by then the patient is usually too far gone to save.Frequent checks
48、 of your firms vital signs will also guide you to a sensible rate of growth. To snatch opportunity, you must spot the signals that it is time to conquer new markets, add products or perhaps franchise your hot ideA. 46.According to the passage, a countrys economy is probably decided by .A. the prospe
49、rity and decline of the transnational corporationsB. the rise and fall of the markets and products as well as capitalC. the fate of the small businesses such as small plants and restaurantsD. the economic increase and decrease of the large companies47.In order to succeed in a business, the entrepreneur should .A. get very well prepared for his new businessB. choose a business hes already familiar withC. examine
