1、退休年龄到了，退还是不退?,The retirement age to return,is not,经济与管理学院,The proportion of people working past the state pension age in UK is running at record levels, according to official figures published on the 18th July.pension n. 退休金，抚恤金；津贴；膳宿费vt. 发给养老金或抚恤金7月18日公布的官方数字显示，在英国，超过法定领取养老金年龄但仍在工作的人口比例，已达到创纪录水平。,M
2、en above 65 and women above 60 accounted for just under half of the 180,000 rise in employment to 29.07m during the 12 months to the end of May according to the Office for National Statistics in UK Office of National Statistics 英国国家统计局 英国国家统计局(Office of National Statistics)的数据显示，在截至今年5月底的12个月中，英国就业人
3、数增加了18万，达到2907万，在新增就业人口中，65岁以上男性和60岁以上女性的比例仅略低于50%,The proportion of people above pension age with jobs has risen by more than 3 percentage points to 11 percent since the mid 1990s, as concerns over rising longevity and worsening private sector pension provision have mounted. longevity n. 长寿，长命；寿命 自
4、上世纪90年代中期以来，超过领取养老金年龄的就业人口比例已上升逾3个百分点，达到11%，因为人们愈加担心，寿命在不断延长，而私营行业养老金供应情况却在不断恶化。,Since 1992, the number of people above pensionable age in work has risen by 400,000 to 1.2m-two thirds of themwomen. 自1992年以来，超过领取养老金年龄的在职人口数量，已增加40万人，达到120万，其中三分之二为女性,Chris Ball, chief executive of The Age and Employme
5、nt Network, said: “Our impression is that many people are accepting jobs below their qualifications and capacities, often out of economic necessity. This remains a waste of important resources and is frankly demeaning to older people. demeaning adj. 降低身份的；有损人格的 v. 有损的人格（demean的ing形式） 年龄与就业网络(The Age
6、 and Employment Network)首席执行官克里斯o鲍尔(Chris Ball)表示：“我们的感觉是，往往出于经济需要，许多人都在接受低于他们资历和能力的工作。这是对重要资源的浪费，而且是在公然贬低长者。“,“Many stay in work beyond state retirement age because of the decline in incomes from defined contributions pension schemes. Also, with defined benefits schemes hitting difficulty, fewer em
7、ployers are offering voluntary early retirement as a golden handshake leading up to retirement.“ lead up to 导致；作为的准备 “许多人在超过法定退休年龄后仍继续工作，因为来自养老金界定供款计划(defined contribution scheme)的收入有所下降。另外，由于界定利益计划(defined benefit scheme)遇到困难，在临退休前提出自愿提前退休以获得丰厚遣散费(golden handshake)的雇员减少了。“,Increased availability of
8、 older people and migrant workers, however, has helped fill vacancies and restrain inflationary pay rises in a tight labour market, say economists. vacancies n. 空缺额；缺位（vacancy复数） inflationary adj. 通货膨胀的；通货膨胀倾向的；通货膨胀引起的 然而，经济学家表示，老龄和移民工人人数的增加，帮助填补了职位空缺，并抑制了紧张劳动力市场上薪金的上涨。,Average annual earnings growt
9、h excluding bonuses - regarded as the best measure of pay inflation - dipped by 0.1 of a percentage point to 3.5 percent during the three months to the end of May. The headline earnings figure fell even faster by 0.6 of a percentage point, also to 3.5 percent. 在截至5月底的3个月中，扣除奖金的平均年收入增幅（被视为衡量薪资上涨的最佳指标
10、）下降了0.1个百分点，至3.5%。引人注目的收入增幅下降更快，达到0.6个百分点，也为3.5%。,Karen Ward, UK economist at HSBC, said the rise in labour availability was “just what the Governor of the Bank of England ordered“. She described current trends as a “Goldilocks labour market“ where everything was “just right“ with rising demand for
11、workers being met by increasing numbers of older people and migrants. Goldilocks labour market 金发劳动力市场 汇丰(HSBC)英国经济学家卡伦o沃德(Karen Ward)表示，可用劳动力的增长“正是（英国央行(Bank of England)）行长所要求的“。她将当前的趋势描述为“金发劳动力市场“(Goldilocks labour market)-一切都“刚刚好“，年长者和移民数量的增加满足了对工人需求的增长。,Sam Mercer, chief executive of The Employe
12、rs Forum on Age, said willingness by employers to take on older workers, particularly following the introduction of new age discrimination laws last October, reflected a welcome change in attitudes The Employers Forum on Age 年龄问题雇主论坛 年龄问题雇主论坛(The Employers Forum on Age)首席执行官萨姆o默瑟(Sam Mercer)表示，雇主愿意雇
13、用年长的员工，特别是在去年10月引入新的年龄歧视法之后更是如此，这反映了人们态度的可喜转变。,She said: “EFA members have found that many people who are given the choice do choose to remain in work even after they are eligible for their pension?.?.?.? as people live longer there is a realisation that they cant afford a 30-year retirement.“ eligi
14、ble adj. 合格的，合适的；符合条件的；有资格当选的 n. 合格者；适任者；有资格者 她表示：“年龄问题雇主论坛的成员发现，许多人即使过了可以领取养老金的年纪，但如果可以选择，他们确实会选择继续工作随着寿命的延长，人们意识到他们负担不起30年的退休生活。“,Chinas currency policy from stable to tight,中国货币政策从“稳健”转为“从紧”,China has announced it has shifted its monetary policy stance from “prudent” to “tightening” in another si
15、gn that Beijing is concerned about the acceleration of an economy already growing at doubledigit rates acceleration n. 加速，促进；物 加速度 中国政府宣布，已将货币政策由“稳健”调整为“从紧”。这再度表明，政府担心目前两位数的经济增长会进一步加速。,The decision， formally taken at an annual economic conference in Beijing this week， signals growing concern that in
16、vestment， the prime driver of growth， is picking up pace again on the back of rising construction prime adj. 主要的；最好的；基本的 adv. 极好地 n. 初期；青年；精华；全盛时期 vt. 使准备好；填装 vi. 作准备 本周在北京召开的中央经济工作会议正式作出了这一决定。它表明，中央政府越来越担心，在建筑业热潮升温的背景下，作为经济增长的主要推动力，投资也在再度升温。,The government is also concerned that inflation， which ha
17、s so far been confined to food， could spill over into other sectors The change in language symbolises such concerns and will give policymakers， including the central bank， greater leeway to dictate the lending practices of local financial institutionsconfined adj. 狭窄的；幽禁的；有限制的；在分娩中的 v. 限制（confine的过去
18、式和过去分词） symbolises v. 象征 leeway n. 余地；风压差；偏航；落后 dictate vt. 命令；口述；使听写 vi. 口述；听写 n. 命令；指示政府还担心，目前仅限于食品的通货膨胀将会扩大到其它领域。中央政策表述的变化体现了这方面的担忧，也将给包括央行在内的政策制定者以更大的行动空间，以指导地方金融机构的贷款业务。,Construction growth sagged slightly between 2004 and 2006 on credit tightening and restrictive land policies， but is now on t
19、rack to grow 25 per cent year on year in 2007 and 2008， according to Dragonomics， a Beijing consultancy The new boom has been driven by the governments determination to boost lowcost housing as part of its broader policy to distribute the benefits of economic growth more evenlysagged adj. 下垂的；凹陷的v.
20、下垂；下降（sag的过去式）restrictive adj. 限制的；限制性的；约束的n. 限制词consultancy n. 咨询公司；顾问工作boost vt. 促进；增加；支援vi. 宣扬；偷窃n. 推动；帮助；宣扬北京咨询公司龙洲经讯（Dragonomics）的数据显示，在2004至2006年间，因信贷紧缩和限制性土地政策，建筑业的增长略显萎缩，但在2007年和2008年，势将再次呈现25%的年增速。在政府发展经济适用房的决心推动下，出现了新一轮的繁荣。发展经济适用房是中国政府更广泛政策的一部分，目的是更为平均地分配经济增长所带来的好处。,“I dont think the centr
21、al bank wants to slow down dom?estic demand It just wants to avoid any acceleration in growth，” said Jonathan Anderson， of UBS， in Hong Kong dom n. 师（对罗马天主教等修士的尊称 瑞银（UBS）驻香港的乔纳森?安德森（Jonathan Anderson）表示：“我不认为（中国央行）想要降低内需。央行只是想要避免任何形式的过快增长。”,The economy grew 115 percent in the first three quarters of
22、 this year In a poll of investment bank economists published by Reuters yesterday， all said they expected growth to exceed 10 percent again in 2008 poll n. 投票；民意测验；投票数；投票所 vt. 投票；剪短；对进行民意测验；获得选票 vi. 投票 adj. 无角的；剪过毛的；修过枝的 中国经济在今年前三个季度的增速为115%。根据路透社（Reuters）昨天发布的一份投行经济学家调查报告，所有受调查者都认为，中国2008年的经济增速将会再次
23、超过10%。,Persistent inflation is of particular concern， with new monthly figures for November， due to be released next week， on track to break the highs of August and October of 65 percent， because of continued strong food prices track n. 轨道；足迹，踪迹；小道 vt. 追踪；通过；循路而行；用纤拉 vi. 追踪；走；留下足迹 持久的通货膨胀尤其令人担心。由于食品
24、价格持续走强，11月份的通胀率料将突破8月份和10月份的65%，再创新高。最新月度统计数据将于下周发布,“The government should take powerful measures to restrain the general level of prices from increasing too fast， and strengthen the production of life necessities” a statement released after the conference said conference n. 会议；协商；讨论；篮联盟 本次经济工作会议之后发表的一份声明指出：“政府要采取有力措施抑制价格总水平过快上涨，加强基本生活必需品和其他紧缺商品的生产。”,
