1、11准妈咪宫缩状况全解码宫缩是每位孕妇辨别胎儿状况的重要指标，但许多准妈妈对于宫缩所传递的讯息，仍是一知半解。本文将针对宫缩状况一一解码，让准妈妈们能安心度过孕期，快乐迎接宝宝的到来！Q 1：何谓宫缩？Ans：子宫出现收缩现象就叫宫缩。从怀孕开始，子宫会自然出现零星且不规则的收缩；这种宫缩通常强度不强，孕妇也不会感到疼痛及造成子宫颈变化。在医学上称这种收缩，叫做“Braxton Hicks 收缩” 。“Braxton Hicks 收缩”通常会一直持续到孕期最后一个月，才变得比较不频繁。但到怀孕最后 1、2 周时又转变为频繁，甚至 1020 分钟就收缩一次，部分还呈现规 律性。到了怀孕最后期，这
2、种收缩还会令孕妇感到很不舒服，称为“假性阵痛” 。这时候的宫缩，很难与进入待产的真正阵痛区分，有时候必须到医院检查与进一步 观察才能知道。Q 2： 何谓早产阵痛？Ans：一般要定义早产阵痛，必须符合下列要素： (1)要有规律的收缩 (2)要合并内诊检查子宫颈的变化。也就是说在怀孕 2037 周时，子宫收缩频率每 20 分钟 4 次以上，或一小时 8 次以上，并由同一检查者认定子宫颈有进行性变化变软或 80%以上的变薄 ，或产妇之子宫颈于初次检查时已有 1 公分以上之扩张，即定义为早产阵痛。Q 3：早产宫缩特征？Ans： 一般不收缩时的子宫压力大约是 10mmHg，当子宫收缩压力增加到大于 25
3、 mmHg 的时候，孕妇才会开始感觉到酸痛的滋味。这种酸痛，有点类似月经来临般的腹痛，不止下腹部不舒服，还会痛到腹股沟甚至有持续性下背酸痛；严重的还会伴随阴 道分泌物增加及阴道出血。而当有不正常的分泌物或出血情况时，就要尽速就诊。Q 4：引发宫缩的外力因素？Ans：除了生理上自发性的宫缩之外，有些外力状况也会引发宫缩。1.跌倒腹部不慎受到撞击时，不但会压迫到子宫内的胎儿，也会因疼痛、惊吓导致子宫内血液供给变少，严重的撞击甚至还会造成胎盘早期剥离，危及妈妈与胎儿的生命。2.提搬重物拿重物或搬运物品时，会在腰及下腹部用力，引起腹部的压迫及子宫的充血，所以会有流产、早产的危险。若是不得已的情况如抱小
4、孩 ，最好先蹲下弯腰，抱紧孩子或物品后，再站起举腰。223.常见的病因子宫感染或子宫外的感染，如泌尿道感染、阴道炎。胎盘异常、子宫异常或是子宫过大等，例如多胞胎怀孕、葡萄胎。4.紧张、过度疲劳临床的观察，孕妇长期处于过度紧张与疲劳的环境下也较容易出现频密的宫缩。5.屈着身体或采压迫腹部的姿势怀孕时由于重心前倾，因此有许多准妈妈会不自觉地弯腰驼背，但这样的姿势容易造成骨盘塌陷，胎儿位置也无法保持在正确的胎位。此外，弯腰动作也会加重身体负担，造成背脊及腰椎疼痛感。6.进行和非怀孕时同样的性生活怀孕时虽然可维持性生活，但剧烈的性交动作及射精，容易引发子宫收缩，男上女下的姿势也会压迫腹中胎儿。此外，怀
5、孕前三个月和最后一个月，是胚胎着床发育和即将临盆的敏感时期，最好能节制或避免性生活。7.身体处于长期的摇晃状态、从事激烈的运动由于剧烈运动时，常会不自觉使用到腰、腹部力量，或是时间太长而造成过度疲劳；所以，若要长时间的搭乘交通工具，最好先征询医师建议，以免发生意外。8.冷水浴突然的温度改变，会使通过身体的血流变少，对于需要温暖的子宫环境会有不当刺激，进而造成收缩发生。Q 5：发生宫缩时处理应变原则？Ans：当有宫缩时，宜立即卧床休息(左侧卧)，并计算一小时内宫缩次数，注意有无早产症状，并且随时观察胎动。若感觉胎动减少时，先进食或以手摇晃腹部测试观察；若确定有早产症状或胎动减少情形，则应到医院求
6、诊。而判别早产症状如下：1.子宫规则收缩阵痛，至少 10 分钟有一次，且持续 30 秒以上。2.阴道出血或破水。3.下腹痛或下背痛、一阵阵腰酸感、便意感、下坠感。Q 6：超过预产期时，刺激宫缩的方法？Ans：宜鼓励孕妇多散散步，多走动走动，持续做怀孕期间常做的孕妇健康操，以培养生产时所需之体力。原则上耐心等待产痛自然发生。 坊间虽有一些偏方，例如，吸吮乳头诱发脑下垂体刺激催产素分泌 、射精精液中含有前列腺素，会引发子宫收缩等，但因这些方式皆隐含潜藏危险，因 此医师并不鼓励用奇特的方法来刺激子宫引发生产。早产宫缩常见原因33早产宫缩大部分原因不明，约只有 25%可以找到原因，以下列几项原因最常见
7、：1.子宫感染。2.子宫外的感染，如泌尿道感染、阴道炎。3.胎盘异常，如前置胎盘、胎盘早期剥离。4.子宫异常，如双角子宫，子宫肌瘤、子宫肌腺症。5.子宫过大，如多胞胎怀孕、葡萄胎。6.早期破水。7.子宫颈闭锁不全。8.前胎曾有早产病史。9.年纪大于 35 岁。10.孕妇抽烟，喝酒。11.外伤(如腹部受撞击或跌倒 )。预产期过了怎么办？若无明显的经期误差及高危险性因素，妊娠超过预产期 1 周或 10 天是可接受的，医师会要求孕妇继续等待并特别注意胎动。此时 1 周要产检两次，若胎 动减少，须进行胎盘功能测试；若妊娠超过 2 周，医师会建议催生，如果催生过程中胎儿心跳不佳或产程迟滞，才会考虑剖腹生
8、产，否则仍以自然生产为佳。Contractions are each one of the important indices for pregnant women to identify the situation, but many mothers for message passing by contractions, is still a little knowledge. This article will focus on contractions in decoding, reassure mothers-to-be can through the pregnancy, happ
9、y to greet the arrival of the baby!Q 1: what is the contractions?Ans: uterine contraction occurs is called the contractions. Starting from pregnancy, scattered and irregular will naturally occurring of the uterus to contract; Strength of the contractions are usually is not strong, pregnant women wi
10、ll not feel the pain and the change of the cervix. In medicine says the contraction, called “Braxton Hicks contractions“.44“Braxton Hicks contractions“ often continued until the last month of pregnancy, become less frequent. But by the time the last 1, 2 weeks pregnancy and into frequently, even 10
11、20 minutes a contraction, part is to present law rules. In the last phase of pregnancy, the contract will make women feel very uncomfortable, referred to as the “pseudo pain“. Contractions at this time, it is difficult to and into the real pain to give distinction, sometimes have to check to the hos
12、pital with further observation to know.Q 2: what is premature birth pains?Ans: to define the premature birth pains, and must meet the following elements: (1) to regular contraction (2) to merge the examination of the cervix.That is in the 20 37 weeks of pregnancy, the uterus contraction frequency mo
13、re than 4 times, every 20 minutes or an hour more than 8 times, and by the same inspectors cervix of progressive change , or maternal cervix in expansion of inspection for the first time for more than 1 cm, is defined as premature labor.Q 3: premature contractions characteristics?Ans: dont usually c
14、ontractions of the uterus pressure is about 10 mmHg, when the uterine contraction pressure increased to more than 25 mmHg, pregnant women will begin to feel the taste of soreness. This kind of ache, a bit like menstruation comes the abdominal pain, like more than lower abdominal discomfort, also to
15、 the groin pain even under persistent back pain; Serious still can accompany the vaginal secretions increase and vaginal bleeding. And when there are abnormal discharge or bleeding, is about to see a doctor as soon as possible.Q 4: cause contractions of the external force factors?Ans: in addition to
16、 the physical spontaneous contractions, some external force conditions can also cause contractions.1. Careless fall abdomen hit, not only can oppression to the fetus in the womb, also in the uterus caused by pain, frightened less blood supply, serious impact will cause the placenta early stripping,
17、even endanger the life of the mother and the fetus.2. Lift heavy lifting with weights or when transporting goods, will be under the waist and abdomen forcibly, cause abdominal oppression and uterine hyperemia, so there will be a risk of miscarriage, premature birth. If necessary conditions (such as
18、baby , its best to bow down, hold the child or item, to stand up for the waist.3. Common cause uterine infection or outside the womb infection, such as urinary tract infection, vaginitis. Placental abnormality, uterine abnormal or excessive uterine, etc., such as multiple pregnancy, hydatidiform mol
19、e.4. Clinical observation, tension, fatigue long-term excessive tension and fatigue under the environment of a pregnant woman is more likely to have frequent contractions.5. Bend the posture of the body or by oppression abdomen pregnancy due to the center of gravity forward, so there are a lot of ex
20、pectant mothers unconsciously hunched over, but such a posture cause collapse of the pelvis, fetal position could not remain in 55the correct position. In addition, the bending action will increase the burden, cause back pain and lumbar spine.6. With the same sex life and non pregnancy pregnant alth
21、ough sustainability of life, but violent sexual action and ejaculation, easy to cause uterine contractions, missionary position will oppress her fetus. In addition, the first three months of pregnancy and the last month, is the embryo implantation development and giving birth to a sensitive period,
22、it is best to limit or avoid sex.7. The body under the sway of the long-term, engaged in fierce sports because of intense exercise, often unconsciously use to the waist, abdomen, or it is too long and cause excessive fatigue; So, if you want to for a long time on transportation, consult physician fi
23、rst best advice, so as to avoid accidents.8. Cold bath sudden temperature change, can make through the bodys showed less, to need the warmth of the uterine environment will have inadequate stimulus, causing the shrinkage occurs.Q 5: when the contractions are processing strain principle?Ans: when hav
24、e contractions, should be immediately to stay in bed (left side), and calculate an hour NaGong number, pay attention to the presence of preterm labor symptoms, and observe the movement. If reduce feel quickened, advanced food or to hand shake abdominal test observation; If determined to reduce sympt
25、oms of preterm labor or quickened, should to go to the hospital.The discriminant preterm labor symptoms are as follows:1. The rules of uterine contraction pain. At least 10 minutes once, and sustained more than 30 seconds.2. Vaginal bleeding or rupture.3. Abdominal pain or lower back pain, lumbar ac
26、id feeling waves, meaning is feeling, straining feeling.Q 6: more than her due date, the way to stimulate the contractions?Ans: pregnant women should be encouraged for a walk, walk, continue to do pregnant women during pregnancy often JianKangCao, to develop production when needed. In principle, pat
27、ience to wait for labor pain occur naturally. Although it has some folk prescription, for example, sucking nipple and ejaculation , etc. , but because of the way all hidden dangers lurk, because the doctor does not encourage to stimulate uterine cause production in strange way.Common cause of premat
28、ure birth contractionsMost premature contractions for unknown reasons, only about 25% can find the reason, in the following several reasons: the most common1. The uterine infection.2. Outside the womb infection, such as urinary tract infection, vaginitis.663. Abnormal placenta, such as placenta prev
29、ia, placenta early.4. Uterine anomalies, such as double Angle of the uterus, uterine fibroids abenomyosis,.5. The uterus is too large, such as multiple pregnancy, hydatidiform mole.6. Early rupture.7. The cervical insufficiency.8. Front tyres has a history of preterm labor.9. Older than 35 years old
30、.10. Pregnant women to smoke, drink.11. Trauma (such as the abdomen impact or falling).Due date for?The period without obvious error and high risk factors of pregnancy over due date 1 week or 10 days is acceptable, physicians will ask pregnant women continue to wait and pay special attention to quic
31、kened. At 1 week to prenatal twice, if the foetus move to reduce, must be the placenta function tests; If more than 2 weeks of gestation, doctors would recommend that if the poor fetal heart rate in the process of creating or labor hysteresis, will consider caesarean section, or still in a natural production is preferred.
