1、Araby,What is Araby? Where is the story set?Bazar, fair, marketAraby in Dubin： Grand Oriental Fete,Plot：What is the story about? Love of a young boy He had a crush on a neighboring girl （迷恋，暗恋）She was waiting for us, her figure defined by the lightfrom the half-opened door. Her brother always teased
2、 her before he obeyed, and I stood by the railings looking at her. Her dress swung as she moved her body, and the soft rope of her hair tossed from side to side.,Every morning I lay on the floor in the front parlour watching her door. The blind was pulled down to within an inch of the sash so that I
3、 could not be seen. When she came out on the doorstep my heart leaped. I ran to the hall, seized my books and followed her. I kept her brown figure always in my eye and, when we came near the point at which our ways diverged, I quickened my pace and passed her. This happened morning after morning. I
4、 had never spoken to her except for a few casual words, and yet her name was like a summons to all my foolish blood.,Her image accompanied me even in places the most hostile to romance. 就算在最不适合想入非非的地方，她的形象也伴随着我。Her name sprang to my lips at moments in strange prayers andpraises which I myself did no
5、t understand. My eyes were often full oftears (I could not tell why) and at times a flood from my heartseemed to pour itself out into my bosom.I thought little of the future. I did not know whether I would ever speak toher or not or, if I spoke to her, how I could tell her of my confusedadoration. B
6、ut my body was like a harp and her words and gestures werelike fingers running upon the wires. 我的身体就像一架竖琴，她的一言一笑、一举手一投足就像手指在琴弦上拨划一样。,The light from the lamp opposite our door caught the white curve of her neck, lit up her hair that rested there and, falling, lit up the hand upon the railing. It fell
7、 over one side of her dress and caught the white border of a petticoat, just visible as she stood at ease.我们房门对面的路灯映照出她脖颈白皙的曲线，照亮了垂落在脖子上的秀发，又落下来，照亮了她搁在栏杆上的手。灯光洒落在她裙子的一边，照在衬裙的白色镶边上，她悠闲的站在那里的时候我刚好瞧见。,Impressionistic descriptions 印象主义，即通过对人物瞬间的感观印象，特别是对视觉上对 光、影、色的感受，形象地表示个人精神范畴中朦胧的感性运 动。（内心感受、活动和变化） Wh
8、ile she spoke she turned a silver bracelet round and round her wrist. She could not go, she said, because there would be a retreat that week in her convent. Her brother and two other boys were fighting for their caps and I was alone at the railing. She held one of the spikes, bowing her head towards
9、 me. The light from the lamp opposite our door caught the white curve of her neck, lit up her hair that rested there and, falling, lit up the hand upon the railing. It fell over one side of her dress and caught the white border of a petticoat, just visible as she stood at ease. (Boy in love),Where l
10、ies the climax?,Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger. 我抬头凝视着黑暗，发觉自己是受虚荣驱动又受虚荣愚弄的可怜虫；我的双眼中燃烧着痛苦和愤怒。,Epiphany-sudden realization,What does he suddenly realizes? What leads to this abrupt change?How does he feel?
11、Why does he feel this way?How would the boys view of life change hereafter?,character：What is the boy like? How old is he?What do you know about his family? What do you know about the world which he lives in?Can you describe his character? (Objectivity of narration) Introvert, nostalgic Romantic, id
12、ealizing life, full of expectation Lonely The sense of isolation,小说大部分并没有写小男孩子的恋爱，而是在写周围的世界: 他所居住的街 道、已故的教士、玩伴、他的叔叔婶婶、他的老师、以及他生活于其中的那 个世界，包括信仰与宗教（基督兄弟学校、已故的教士、女修道院的静修、 共济会），也包括吵吵嚷嚷的街头众生相。缘于第一人称叙事、精微的内心独白和意识流写作方式，这些事物都自然而 然地出现在小说里，共同构成男孩子生活的外在环境，看似不经意，所构筑 的世界却层次分明、立体而充满色彩。但它们并不仅仅是“背景”、或者“环境”。在这篇小说中，这
13、些表面上看似与 主题无关、甚至互不相干的线索，都是相互联系而起作用的。它们在小说里被绾合在一起，环绕在故事主人公周围，间接地暗示出小男孩 子与日俱增的孤独感，也展示他与周围世界日渐疏离的过程与感受 。,Different from those which directly trace and express ones mind, the majority of the story does not depict the little boys love, but describe the world around him: the street he lives in , the late p
14、riest, and his playmates, his uncle and aunt, his teacher, the widow, and the world he lives in, including the faith and religion (Christian Brothers School, the late priest, the Freemason , as w ell as the retreat of the convent), but also the masses in the noisy streets. By the means of the first-
15、person narration , microscopic inner monologue and the style of stream-of-consciousness, these episodes naturally appear in the novel, together constitute a small boys external living environment. All these seem inadvertent, but the structured world remains three-dimensional and amazingly colorful.
16、But they are not just used as “background” or as “environment”. In this story, those which seemingly have nothing to do with the question, and even unrelated clues, are interrelated and play a role. They are mingled together around the hero in the story, and indirectly suggests one thing: it is a yo
17、ung boys growing sense of isolation, that is, the process and feelings around which he got increasingly alienated from the world.,setting：What is the place like? Whats your impression of the place where the boy lives? Conservative, rigid and austere life Strong religious atmosphereDoes the setting h
18、ave some symbolic meaning?Whats your impression of Araby, the market?,Symbolism:The street and the houseArabyThe syllables of the word Araby were called to me through the silence in which my soul luxuriated and cast an Eastern enchantment over me.阿拉比这个词的每个音节都通过静默在我周围回荡着，把一种东方的魔力施加在我全身上下。,Point of Vi
19、ew：Who is telling the story? first person “I”，叙事者参与: 内聚焦 真切，感染力How old is the boy?How old is the man? Why does he tells such a story?What does the author think of the boy and the speaker?What does the author think of the speaker?,From the language style of the novels, we identify a figure of an adul
20、t narrator : This is a grown-up man recalling his youth. The story writes about the crush of the small boy, but apparently not in the childrens writing style or tone. It is through a mans memories, his own choices and treatments, and then to be woven into the chapter.,I had never spoken to her excep
21、t for a few casual words, and yet her name was like a summons to all my foolish blood. The space of sky above us was the color of ever-changing violet and towards it the lamps of the street lifted their feeble lanterns.我们头上那块天空总是不断变换着紫罗兰色，街灯朝着那片天空举起微弱的灯火。,Identify the following relationships: The bo
22、ys attitude towards his own experienceThe narrators attitudes towards the boy and his experienceThe writers attitudes towards the boy and his experienceThe writers attitudes towards the narrator and the his narrating,区分几种关系:小男孩对自身经历的态度叙述者对小男孩及其经历的态度作家对小男孩及其经历的态度作家对叙述者及其叙述的态度,简单的说，这是一篇写小男孩子初恋暗恋失恋的小说。
23、在旁观者的眼里，这种恋爱往往是一时之兴，当事人往往捕风捉影、自作多情、言行轻率；而在当事人心中，却是那么超凡脱俗、独一无二。“儿童的秘密最多，这不足为奇，因为他们缺乏经验，对新奇的事物、对他们做过感受到的私事最为敏感。”但这些秘密在成年人眼里或许就是不值一提的。随着阅历的增长、以及作为局外之人，他们的意识范围要比年轻的当事人“要比秘密的持有者想象中的狭窄领域大得多”。在当事人的事后回顾中，这段早年的经历深刻不可磨灭、却又必然被看破、被超越，而事实上或许将影响其后许多行为的内在模式。,Theme:Epiphany-sudden realizationmaturing; growing-up (a
24、nguish and anger)Gap between the ideal and the reality Disillusion: love; passion of lifeThe sense of isolationSpiritual paralysis,James Joyce (18821941),born in Dublin, Ireland. Lived abroad in Paris, Austria-Hungary, Trieste, Rome, and in Zrich (also died there)noted for his experimental use of la
25、nguage:- an extensive use of interior monologue- a complex network of symbolic parallels drawn from the mythology, history, and literature- created a unique language of invented words, puns, and allusions.,During his career Joyce suffered from rejections from publishers, suppression by censors, atta
26、cks by critics, and misunderstanding by readers. From 1902 Joyce led a nomadic life, which perhaps reflected in his interest in the character of Odysseus. Although he spent long times in Paris, Trieste, Rome, and Zrich (also died there) with only occasional brief visit to Ireland, his native country
27、 remained basic to all his writings.“But when the restraining influence of the school was at a distance I began to hunger again for wild sensations, for the escape which those chronicles of disorder alone seemed to offer me. The mimic warfare of the evening became at last as wearisome to me as the r
28、outine of school in the morning because I wanted real adventures to happen to myself. But real adventures, I reflected, do not happen to people who remain at home: they must be sought abroad.“ (from Dubliners),Major works,A Portrait of The Artist as a young manUlyssesFinnegans Wake Exiles (play)Cham
29、ber Music (poetry)Dubliners (collection of 15 short stories),In 1914 the most noted short story collection The Dubliners, was published, which is a cycle of stories all set up in the city Dublin. It seems that Joyce was drawing a series of sketches of his fellow countrymen. In each, the detail is so
30、 chosen and organized that carefully interacting symbolic meanings are set up, and as a result, The Dubliners is also a book about human fate.A literary experiment, the stories are as refreshingly original and astonishing today, as when they were first published when Joyce was just twenty-five years
31、 old. Moreover, the stories are presented in a particular order so that new meanings arise from the relation between them . “我的初衷, 就是要书写祖国精神史上的一个章节，选择都柏林作为场景，是因为在我看来，这里是瘫痪的中心。我竭力将其呈现于漠然的公众面前，从四个方面去展示：童年、青少年、成年，还有公共生活。故事就是按这样的顺序集结的。”由此，很多读者和评论家都刻意地把都柏林人解读为一部揭露爱尔兰凝滞而无望的精神生活的作品。,This short story “Araby
32、” ranks the third in the book, the last one related to adolescent life. On the first impression, it reads like a touching story about an unrequited love affair of a young boy. However, emotional paralysis is genuinely perceived from the beginning to the ending. Both the beginning and the ending mani
33、fest forcefully sharp contrast against the setting of a romantic love story.,Questions for Discussion,1. How does North Richmond Street strike you? What do you knowabout peoples life there? Why do you think the author describethe back drawing-room in the house, and mention the priest whodied there?
34、How are those details related to the whole story?2. How do you understand the last paragraph? Why are “my eyesburned with anguish and anger”? What leads to his abrupt changeof the mood? Do you feel that he is still the same boy in the end?Why? 3. Who is telling the story? What is his attitude to the young boyand his experience? How is this narrator different from the author? 4. How do you understand the title of the story? What is Araby? Howimportant is it in the story? What does it symbolize for?,
