1、 语法系列_ Grammar 3 Attributive Clause II 语法第三讲 定语从句-I1Grammar 3rdAttributive Clause ( II ) 定语从句（二）I 定语从句的种类在英文中，有两种定语从句：限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句。这两种定语从句在其功能和形式方面都有明显的区别： 限定性定语从句限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧奏，对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用。如果将其去掉，会影响句子意思的完整性；有时甚至于引起费解、误解。例如：The authors who(whom/that)he mentioned are all well known.Ocean cu
2、rrents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow. They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before. 非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散，它与主句之间有一个逗点“，“ 隔开；它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用，只起补充、说明的作用。即使将其去掉，也不会影响句子意思。非限定性定语从句在中文译文里，我们往往将其作为一个分句处理，而不把它作定语翻译。 The clock, which my great grandfather bought
3、, is still in good order.My brother, who works abroad, is coming back next week.The sport meeting will be held in October, when the climate is very congenial.Hes going to go to golf course, where he intendeds to put in some practice.The sun heats the earth, which makes it possible for plants to grow
4、. 比较：The old man has a son , who is in the army. The old man has a son who is in the army. 注意： 1. that 不能用来引导非限定性定语从句A rocket carries oxygen with it, which makes it possible for the rocket to travel in space. 2.非限定性定语从句中关系代词做宾语时不能省略语法系列_ Grammar 3 Attributive Clause II 语法第三讲 定语从句-I2The film (which)
5、I saw last night is about a young teacher.The shed in our garden, which my father built many years ago, has lasted for a long time.She introduced me to her husband, whom I hadnt met before.名词（代词、形容词比较级或最高级、数词等）+介词+关系代词结构常用来引导定语从句，而且这一结构多用于非限定性定语从句。The teacher asked us several questions, the answer t
6、o which proved very interesting.At the scene there were two cigarettes left, one of which was stained with lipstick.There are over 100 natural elements, some of which are very familiar.Air is a mixture of many different gases, of which the largest amount (/the largest amount of which) is nitrogen(氮)
7、，and the next largest amount is oxygen.The twenty passengers were killed in the accident, ten of whom were student.II 关系代词和关系副词的选择同样的先行词，由于在从句中担任的作用不听，需选用不同的关系代词。在选择关系代词时，应注意以下问题：1. 关系词在从句中担任什么成分2. 先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点、还是原因3. 关系词引导的是限定性定语从句还是非限定性定语从句This is a place which Ive long wanted to visit.I know
8、of a place where we can swim.I cant accept the reason which he gave.I dont know the reason why he was absent.I still remember that day when I got my first gold metal.I still remember that day, which left me a lot of sweet memories.They went to the Royal Theater, where they saw Ibsens “the Dolls Hous
9、e”They went to the Royal Theater, which is the largest one in their city. III Exercise1. A survey was carried out on death rate of new-born babies in that region, _were surprising.语法系列_ Grammar 3 Attributive Clause II 语法第三讲 定语从句-I3A as results B which resultsC over D the results of which2. The cours
10、e normally attracts 20 students per year, _up to half will be from overseas.A in which B for whom C with which D of whom3. Ive never been to Beijing, but its the place_.A where Id like to visit B I most want to visit C in which Id like to visit D that I want to visit it most4. We need a chairman _.A
11、 for whom everyone has confidence B in whom everyone has confidenceC who everyone has confidence on D whom everyone has confidence on5. The goals _he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A after which B for which C with which D at which6. The people of Pakistan, _ land is quite
12、mountainous, are nevertheless primarily farmers.A which B whose C that D because7. Edward is the boy _ I think scored the winning points for the basketball team.A whom B which C that D who8. She was very patient towards the children, _ her husband seldom was.A that B who C which D so that 9. We went
13、 to the industrial exhibition, _ we saw two manmade satellites.A where B there C when D in that place10. The state _oil or water is commonly in is a liquid state.A that B which C in which D what 11. I hope that the little _Ive been able to do has been of some use.A which B what C whose D that12. The
14、 reason _Im writing is to tell you a party on Saturday evening.A because B why C which D as13. Form time to time we must look up words _ .A the meaning of which we do not know B whose meanings we are not familiarC we do not know their meanings D whose meanings we do not know14. I sent invitations to
15、 sixty people, _ have replied.A of whom only twenty of these B of whom only twentyC only twenty of these whom D only twenty who15. He tried to get out of the business, _he found impossible.A as B which C where D when16. Caves and hollow trees are not the only places_.A where do bats live B where bat
16、s liveC bats live where D where can bats live17. When Alma was nine years old he read a school book about science, containing some experiments _ at home.A which can be done B that could do语法系列_ Grammar 3 Attributive Clause II 语法第三讲 定语从句-I4C that could be done D which could do18. The pilot lost contact with the military base, _ the plane crashed in the desert.A by means of which B for which B because of that D as a result of which
