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1、1初中英语感叹句感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导。“what“和“how“与所修饰的词置于句首,其它部分用陈述句语序。 一、 由“what“引导的感叹句:“what“意为“多么“用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词 a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是: what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语. 如: What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀! What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀! Wh

2、at good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀! What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀! What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀! What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀! 二、由“how“引导的感叹句:“how“意为“多么“,用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果 how 修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是: How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语. 如: How cold it is toda

3、y! 今天多么冷呀! How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀! How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀! How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀! How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀! 三、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用“what“引导,也可用“how“引导。如: What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀! What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are!

4、 多么高的楼房呀! What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀! What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀! 四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。 如: What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀! It is What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀! He is What red apples! 多么红的苹果呀! How cool! 好凉快呀! It is Ho

5、w wonderful! 精彩极了! It is一、由 what 引导的感叹句,其句子结构可分为以下三种:1. 可用句型:“ What + a/an 形容词可数名词单数主语谓语!”。如:What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊!What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊!2. 可用句型:“ What 形容词可数名词复数主语谓语!”。如:What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊!What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊!3. 可用句型:“

6、What 形容词不可数名词主语谓语!”。如:What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊!2What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊!二、由 how 引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种:1. 可用句型:“ How 形容词 / 副词主语谓语!”。如:How careful she is! 她多么细心啊!How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊!2. 可用句型:“ How 形容词 a/an 可数名词单数主语谓语!”。如:How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊!3. 可用句型:“ How 主

7、语谓语!”。如:How time flies! 光阴似箭!由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换,但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如:How beautiful a girl she is! What a beautiful girl she is!What delicious cakes these are! How delicious these cakes are!三、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成。如: Good idea! (好主意!) wonderful! (太精彩了!) Thank goodness! (谢天谢地!)What a

8、funny time to eat breakfast! 吃早饭多么有趣啊!感叹句巧解:感叹句要看后面,即看 形容词 后的东东,1) 若 形容词 后紧跟可数名词单数,就用 what a/an;是不可数名词或可数名词复数,只用 what。2)若 形容词 后后紧跟 a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Toms 等等乱七八糟的东西,想都不用想,直接用 how就 OK 了。如:例句 1: What a good boy he is! 他是个多么好的男孩啊!/ 形容词 单数名词例句 2: What good boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊!/ 形容词 复数名词例句

9、3: What cold weather it is! 多么冷的天气啊!/ 形容词 不可数名词例句 4: How good the boy is! 这男孩多好啊!/ 形容词 乱糟糟 若没有形容词,而出现副词或是句子,直接用 how.例:How well he plays the guitar! 他吉他弹得多好啊!/副词 (what 不可以修饰副词,看到副词直接用 how)3How time flies! How fast Liu Xiang runs打油诗一首: 感叹句往后看形容词 后是名单就用 what a 或 what an形后若是不可数或名复数只用 what 就可以形容词后乱糟糟只写 h

10、ow 就 OK 了感叹句结构感叹句通常有 what, how 引导,表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。what 修饰名词,how 修饰形容词,副词或动词,感叹句结构主要有以下几种:掌握它的搭配,即掌握了感叹句的重点。How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序What +名词+ 陈述语序What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序How clever a boy he is!How lovely the baby is!What noise they are making!What a cl

11、ever boy he is!What wonderful ideas (we have)!What cold weather it is!感叹句的省略形式为:What a clever boy (he is)!典型例题1)_ food youve cooked!A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice答案 D. 由于 How 修饰形容词,副词;what 修饰名词。且 food 为不可数名词,因此 A,B 排除。C How + adj. 后面不能再加名词,因此只有 D 正确,其句型为 What + adj. +n. (不可数)2

12、)_terrible weather weve been having these days!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a答案 A. weather 为不可数名词,B,D 排除。C 为 how + adj. 后面不应有名词。只有 A,符合句型 What +形容词+不可数名词。3) - _ I had!- You really suffered a lot.A. What a time B. What time C. How a time D. how time答案 A. 感叹句分两类:1:What + n.+主谓部分2:How + adj. / adv.

13、/ v.+主谓部分。本题属第一种,但省略了 bad,相对于 What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。附一:感叹句记忆口诀感叹句,并不难,what 与 how 应在前。形容词、副词跟着 how,what 后面名词连。名词若是可数单,前带冠词 a 或 an。主语、谓语放后面,省略它们也常见。附二:巧变感叹句在把陈述句变感叹句时,可以根据以下这种方法一断二加三换位。“一断” 即在谓语后面断开,使句子分成两部分。如:He works hard. He works / hard.He is a good worker. He is / a good worker.“二加” 即在第二

14、部分前加上 how(强调形容词、副词)或 what(强调名词) 。如:He works(how)hard.He is(what)a good worker.4“三换位” 即把第一部分和第二部分互换位置,句号换感叹号。如:How hard he works!What a good worker he is! 模块十二:感叹句一、 什么叫感叹句感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句句末通常用感叹号,读时一般用降调。二、 感叹句的基本句型【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!What a clever boy he is! (他是个)多么聪明的男孩

15、啊!What an interesting story it is! (这是个)多么有趣的故事啊!What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊!What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊!【说明】 在感叹句中,What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词,若其前面的形容词为元音开头,则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词,如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等,当前面有形容词修饰,使抽象名词具体化时,则要用 what a / an,如:What a heav

16、y rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊!What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊!What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊!【句型二】How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!How well you look! 你气色真好!How kind you are! 你心肠真好!How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好听!Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多么聪明啊!How fast he runs! 他跑得多么

17、快啊!【说明】how 还可以修饰动词构成感叹句,但动词不提前。如:How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊!How she dances! 她跳得多好啊!5感叹句型总结How +形容词+ a +名词+其他成分!How+形容词或副词+其他成分!What +名词+其他成分!What +a+形容词+名词+其他成分!What + 形容词+复数名词+其他成分!What + 形容词+不可数名词+其他成分!请看以下例子:Its an interesting film. 这是一部有趣的电影。What an interesting film it is! 这是一部多有趣的电影

18、啊!Its wonderful weather. 天气很好。What wonderful weather! 天气真好!He did the work carefully. 他做这工作很仔细。How carefully he did the work! 他做这工作多仔细啊!Time passed quickly. 时间过得很快。How quickly time passed! 时间过得真快【难点】what 类感叹句省略形容词1. 当其中的名词带有形容词的意味时【重点】What luck! 真幸运! What fools! 真是些笨蛋! What a surprise! 真是意想不到! What

19、fun we could have! 我们玩得多开心啊2. 当进行批评时What nonsense! 一派胡言!What a shame! 多可耻(惜)!What a mess! 多么脏乱啊!3. 当表示强调或夸张时6Oh, what a lie! 啊,多大的谎言!What a night! 多糟糕的一个晚上!4. 当表示蔑视时What a man he is! 那家伙算什么!注:有时在没有上下文,意思可能不确定。如:What a day! 看这天气! (是褒是贬,视具体情况而定) 【难点】how 在感叹句中修饰动词感叹句有时可用“how+主语+动词”构成,此是 how 直接用于修饰动词。如:

20、How I missed you. 我多么想念你啊。How youve grown! 你都长这么大啦!How youve changed! 你的变化真大! How he wished for a drink! 他多希望能有点东西喝!How things get around! Everyone must know you are in town. 消息传得多快!人们一定都知道你到城里来了三、注意(1)要修饰名词的形容词不能是表数量的 many, much, little, few,遇此情况要用 how,即使它们后面跟有名词:How many books he has! 他的书真多!How mu

21、ch money he gave her! 他给了她好多钱呀!How little money I have! 我的钱多么少呀!How few friends he has! 他的朋友真少!比较:What a little box it is! 多小巧的盒子呀!(该 little 不表示数量)(2)有时句中的主语和谓语可以省略:How fast! 多快呀!How nice! 多好呀!How beautiful! 多美呀!How nice of you to come! 你来了真好!四. 其他形式的感叹句感叹句除用 what 和 how 引出外,还可有其他许多形式,如可用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句等

22、,有时甚至一个单词或一个短语也可用作感叹句:Stop talking! 不要讲话了!Isnt it a lovely day! 天气真好!The garden looks so lovely today! 这花园今天真美!Fire! 失火了!Very good! 很好!There was no face showing!Hes such a nice boy!The Great Wall is a magnificent building!Isnt it snowing heavily!Wonderful!Nonsense!Happy New Year to you!Cheer!注意陈述句用作

23、感叹句时,句中通常有 so, such, really 等加强语气的词语;疑问句用作感叹句,句子多为否定疑问句形式。五、感叹句巧解五法 (1)一找二断三辨四确定:7构成感叹句的感叹词有两个:what 和 how,其基本结构是:1)What名词陈述肯定式:2)How形容词(或副词)陈述肯定式很多初学者常常对该用 what 还是该用 how 弄不清楚。如:_cold water this is!AHow BWhat_cold it is!AWhat BHow如果我们采取“一找二断三辨四确定”的方法很快就能确定该选哪个感叹词。 “一找”即先找出句中的主语。 “二断”就是在句中的名词(形容词、副词等)

24、与代词(或名词)之间断开。例如上面第一句应在 water 与 this 中断开(因 this 是指示代词),断开后辨别断线前面的词的词性,也就是所谓“三辨” ,句中断线前的词是 water,而 water 是名词。第四步,就可迅速确定如果是名词就选 what。所以第一例句就选 B。用这个方法我们会对上面第二个例句作出如下判断:_coldit is!断开线其前 cold 是形容词,故应填 How。上面两个例句是最基本最简单的填空题形式。但只要掌握这个方法,即使再复杂的填空题也会迎刃而解。不过还要注意,如果断开后,断线前的那个中心词是单数可数名词,千万别忘了在感叹词与名词间加冠词 a(an) 。例

25、如:_nice present it is!AHow BWhatCHow DWhat a用上述方法,从 present 与 it 之间断开,断线前 present 是名词,且为单数可数名词,nice 又以辅音开头,故选 D。(2) “断找去添改”五步法:若把一个陈述句变为感叹句,可以采取这“五步法” 。如:The picture is very beautiful断:在陈述句中的谓语动词后将句子断开:The picture isvery beautiful找:划出断线后的中心词是何词类。去:中心词是形容词或副词时,要把修饰该形容词或副词的词去掉。 (比如本句中心词 beautiful 是形容词

26、,修饰该词的是very,变时应去掉 very。但须注意,线后如果是名词,名词前的修饰语是万万不能去掉的。添:就是添上感叹词。如果线后的中心词是名词,就添 What;是形容词或副词就添 How。改:将陈述句句前的大写改为小写,将变为感叹句的感叹词及其修饰的名词部分放在句首,感叹词首写字母改为大写。同时句尾的标点由陈述句的句号改为感叹句的感叹号。据此,上句就变成了:How beautiful the picture is!再如:要把“He is a good student ”变成感叹句,可如上法炮制:He isa good student中心词是名词 student,a good为修饰 stud

27、ent 的修饰语,不能去掉,故变成感叹句应选感叹词 what,变成:What a good student he is!(3)一断二加三换位:例:1)This is a beautiful flower2)This flower is beautiful“一断”:在谓语动词后将此句划断。1)This isa beautiful flower2)This flower isbeautiful“二加”:在第二部分前加引起感叹句的“What 或 How”;中心词为名词时加“What” ;是形容词、副词加“How” 。1)What a beautiful flower2)How beautiful“三

28、换位”:将第一部分与第二部分对换位置。1)What a beautiful flower this is!2)How beautiful this flower is!(4)句型记忆法:因 how 和 what 的词性及其在句中的功能不同,由它们引起的感叹句句型可归纳为 7 种。如果记住这 7 种句套子,做任何感叹句题都易如反掌。例:从题前 A、B、C、D 所表示的词或短语中选择正确答案,完成下列各句:A=What B=What a C=What an D=How_pleasant surprise you gave me!_good news we have got!_good a TV s

29、et weye bought!_unpleasant experience you had last year!对了,答案依次为 BADC。8(5)歌诀记忆法:感叹句中 what 和 how 的选用,关键看形容词后面是否有名词。如果有,用 what(a,an) ;如果没有,用 how(至于副词,其前永远用 how) 。记住下面歌诀更方便。what,how 如何选? 先在后面把名词找,若有名词用 what, 若无名词必用 how。what,how 提句首, 其它紧跟别忘了。主谓一起挪最后, 常常可以被省掉。三、用 What 或 How 填空:1. a big tree it is! 2. big

30、 the tree is!3. beautiful pictures!4. beautiful the pictures are!5. high the building is!6. big eyes she has!7. lovely the ice-cream is!8. lovely ice-cream!答案:1. What 2. How 3. What 4. How 5. How 6. What 7. How 8. What 【提高题】一、选择最佳答案填空1. _ carefully the boy does his homework!A. How B. How anC. What D

31、. What an2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, how B. What, whatC. How, what D. What, how3. _ cheap these clothes are! Id like to buy some for my son.A. How B. How anC. What D. What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the girls said. 9A. How B. How anC. What D. What an5. _ difficu

32、lt questions they are! I cant answer them.A. How B. How anC. What D. What an6. I miss you very much. _ I want to see you!A. How B. How anC. What D. What an7. Oh, _ mistake youve made! Its too bad.A. How B. How aC. What D. What a8. _ lovely weather we are having these days!A. How B. How anC. What D.

33、What an9. _ delicious your supper is!A. How B. How anC. What D. What an10. _ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How anC. What D. What an二、根据所给句子填空,使填空句变为相应的感叹句:1. The old man walked very slowly._ _ the old man walked!2. The film is very wonderful._ _ the film is!3. Our school looks

34、very beaufiful in spring._ _ our schools looks in spring!4. It is a very useful dictionary._ _ _ dicitonary it is!_ _ _ dictionary is!105. The students are listening very carefully._ _ the students are listening!6. Kitty is a good swimmer._ _ Ketty swims!【参考答案】一、1.5. AAACC 6.10. ADCAC 二、1. How, slow

35、ly 2. How, wonderful 3. How, beautiful 4. What, a, useful / How, beautiful, the 5. How, carefully 6. How well一、完成下列感叹句。1)._ difficult homework we had yesterday! 2)._cute dog it is!3)._ interesting the story is!4)._ bad the weather in England is!5)._ honest boy Tom is !6)._ tasty smell the cake gave

36、off!7)._ good time we had on the beach yesterday!8)._ exciting news youve brought us!9)._cool your new car is!10)._ scary these tigers are!二、选择填空。1. _ fast the boy ran!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, how B. What, whatC. How, what D. What, how3. _ d

37、elicious the soup is! Id like some more.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an5. _ foolish they were! They believed what the man said.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an6. _ difficult questions they are! I cant a

38、nswer them.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an7. I miss my friend very much. _ I want to see her!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an8. _ lovely weather we are having these days!11A. How B. How an C. What D. What an9. _ beautiful your new dress is!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an10. _ interesting

39、work it is to teach children! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an三、所给句子填空,使填空句变为相应的感叹句:1. The boy swam very fast._ _ the boy swam!2. The school trip is very exciting._ _ the school trip is!3. Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter._ _ Hei Longjiang looks in winter!4. It is a very useful dictio

40、nary._ _ _ dictionary it is!_ _ _ dictionary is!5. The students are listening very carefully._ _ the students are listening!答案:一、What,What a, How, How,What an, What, What a, What, How, How二、BAACA CACAC三、1. How fast2. How exciting3. How beautiful4. What a useful, How useful the5. How carefully巩固练习一、选

41、择题1._ delicious the dish is!A. What B. How C. What a2._ strange clothes he is wearing!A. What a B. What C. How a3._ an interesting subject it is!A. What B. How C. What an4._ foggy it was yesterday!A. What B. What a C. How5._ careless a boy you are!A. How B. What a C. What二、把下列的句子改为感叹句。 (答案不唯一)1.A: J

42、ill is drawing a beautiful picture.B: _2.A: Mr Wang is a busy man.B: _3.A: The cat is very happy.12B: _4.A: The tractor is going very slowly.B: _5.A: He is very lucky.B: _6.A: It is a wet day today.B: _7.A: They started early.B: _8.A: They waited a long time.B: _9.A: He is wearing a large shirt.B: _

43、10.A: The dolphin is playing happily.B: _KEY一、1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.A二、1.What a beautiful picture Jill is drawing!/ How beautiful a picture Jill is drawing!2.What a busy man Mr Wang is!/ How busy a man Mr Wang is !3.How happy the cat is!/ What a happy cat it is!4.How slowly the tractor is going!5.How lucky he is!6.What a wet day it is today!/ How wet a day it is today!7.How early they started!8.What a long time they waited!9.What a large shirt he is wearing!/ How large a shirt he is wearing!10.How happily the dolphin is playing!

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