1、1数词二.基数词的用法1）在表示具体数目或 several 修饰时，hundred，thousand，million，billion 等用单数；在表示“数百” “数千” “数百万”等不确定数目时，在 hundreds，thousands，millions，billions 等后接“of+名词复数.five thousand students 五千个学生 several hundred years ago 几百年前 thousands of metres 数千米3）dozen 和 score 的复数形式应注意以下几点：dozen 表示：一打，十二个，score 表示：二十；当 dozen 与数词
2、，或 many，several 等连用时，不加“s” ，所修饰的名词前常省去“of ；score 则不然。two dozen pencils 两打铅笔 two score of pencils 四十支铅笔dozens of people=scores of people 许多人当后面的名词前有“these“ ， “those“， “them“，“ us“ 等词时, dozen 后应加“of “。a dozen of these people two dozen of them three score and ten people 中不加 of(七十人)三 序数词,表示顺序的数词为序数词。序数词
3、前面一般加定冠词 the，表示“第几” ， 加不定冠词，则意为“又一,再一” I like the film very much, so I want to see it a second time.四 分数、小数和百分数的表达1. 分数由基数词和序数词合成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于 1 时，分母的序数词要用复数，表示几又几分之几，用 and 连接，形式：1/3：one(a)third 2/3：two thirds three-sevenths：七分之三特殊的表达 1/2：one(a)half 1/4：one(a)quarterone(a)fourth 3/4：three qua
4、rters分子与分母之间加 in 或 out of,分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词one in ten：十分之一 five in eight：八分之五one out of ten：十分之一 five out of eight：八分之五2. 百分数的表示法表示百分数直接将数词放在单词 percent 前面即可 twenty percent=20%百分之二十。注意：分数和百分数后面不能直接接名词或代词，而用以下形式：分数/百分数of +限定词+ 名词/代词，其谓语动词与 of 后的名词在人称和数上保持一致Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.A
5、bout seventy percent of the earth surface is covered by water.3. 小数的表示法：小数点前的总值发同其他数词一样，小数点用 point,小数点后面的数读成个位数9.65 表示为 nine point six five218.39 表示为 two hundred and eighteen point three nine注意：小数点读 point， “零”读字母 o 的音或 zero，小数点前就按基数词去读，小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出。 62.62 读作 sixty-two point six two 0.04 读作 zero
6、 point zero four五 数词的其它表达式1、序号表示法1）单纯的序号，可在基数词前加 number,简写为 No.。第一号 No.1 第三中学 No 3 Middle School2）事物名词的序号表达法有什所不同：对于一些小序号可有序数词也可用基数词表达，形式分别为：the +序数词+名词；名词+基数词。第一次世界大战 the First World War 或 World War One对于一些大序号我们通常只用一种表达法，即名词+数词。2501 号房间 Room 501 538 路公共汽车 Bus 538人民路 153 号 153 Renmin Road可用 a / the
7、+ number + 基数词 + 名词。一辆五路公共汽车 a No.5 bus 那辆 8 路公共汽车 the No.8 bus2. 大约数的表示方法1）用 less than、under、below、almost、nearly、up to 等来表示小于或接近某数目。He is good at English, so he can finish the paper in less than two hours.2）用 more than、over、above、beyond 、or more 等来表示超过或多于某个数目。Peking University has a history of more
8、 than 100 years.3）用 or、or so、about 、around、some、more or less 等表示在某一数目左右。About 50 people were present at that time.4）用 to、from to、between and 表示介于两数词。His salary rises from 20 dollars a week to 35 dollars a week.3. 钟点、日期、年龄的表达式1）1）钟点两种读法：一是直接读数字，先读钟点数后读分钟数；二是用介词 past 表示几点过几分（分钟时间不超过半小时）或用 to 表示差几分就几点（
9、分钟时间超过半小时，还差多少分钟到下一个钟点）这时先读分钟数再读钟点数。正读法 10：20：ten twenty 倒读法 9：30：half past nine( 九点半)7：05：five past seven(七点过五分) 8：50：ten to nine (八点五十；差十分是九点)表示整点 8:00：eight oclock (sharp)2）日期 年代用基数词，在某年要用介词 in：He was born in l983.他出生于 1983 年。月份首字母要大写，在某月也用介词 in，如果有年代出现，在月份名后加年代，中间用逗号：It happened in January，2009这
10、事发生在 2009 年 1 月。月日同时出现时可有两种表示法：英国说法：顺序为先日后月：4(th)May( 五月四日：the fourth of May)美国说法：顺序为先月后日：May 4(th)( 五月四日：May the fourth)表示在某月某日，不管用在前还是在后，都用介词 on：The meeting will be held on March 9(th)Well leave for Shanghai on 8th June年月日同时出现时，年代位于最后，其前加逗号：Mary was born on January 1st，1990.表示“在几十年代”用 in+the+逢十的数词
11、复数：in the 1990s1990s 3）年龄 用基数词表示年龄。 The baby is one year old表示“在某人的几十岁”时，可用介词 in+ ones+整十位数的复数形式：She is still in her twenties她才二十几岁。但表示十多岁时用：in ones teens表示“一个九岁的男孩” ，可以有多种表达法a boy of nine，a boy of nine years old，a boy of nine years of age ，a nine-year-old boy用在习语中。 in twos and threes 三三两两地4. 倍数的表达方
12、式，一般情况下我们用以下三种倍数表达方式：A+be+倍数+as+ 形容词/副词（原级）+ as+BThis tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵的三倍高。 His father is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。 A+be+倍数+ 形容词或副词的比较级+than+B 或 by + 倍数用在比较级之后The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River. 长江差不多比珠江长两倍。 They produced more products
13、 in 2009 than those in 2008 by twice. 2009 年产品是 2008 的两倍。倍数用在表示度量名词前，其基本结构为：倍数 + the + size / length / weight + of + 表示比较3对象的名词，也可用于倍数 + what 引导的从句中This room is three times the size of that one.这房间是那房间的三倍大。The college is twice what it was 5 years ago.这个学院是 5 年前的两倍。练习、数 词1. Two _died of cold last win
14、ter.A. hundreds old people B. hundred old people C. hundreds old peoples D. hundred old peoples2. He was only in_ at the time.A. his 20s B. the 20s C. his twenties D. the twenties3. The two great men wrote those letters in_ .A. 1870s B. 1879s C. the 1870s D. the 18704. I wonder if I can ask him_ tim
15、e.A. four B. fourth C. the fourth D. a fourth5. He came out_ in the track events.A. first B. one C. the first D. the one6. It was in 1939 that _broke out.A. World War Second B. the World War Second C. Second World War D. World War II7. Youll have to spend _writing your report here.A. one day or two
16、days B. one day or two C. a day or two D. two days or one8. He cut the cake_ .A. in halves B. in half C. into halves D. into half9. The earth is nearly_ the moon.A. 50 time the size of B. 50 times the size of C. 50 times as size as D. 50 times as that of10. Either you or the headmaster _the prizes f
17、or these gifted students at the meeting.A. is handing in B. are to hand out C. are handing in D. is to hand out11. _of the population here are peasants.A. 20 percents B. 20 percentC. the 20 percent D.the 20 percents12. Its about_ the thickness of a human hair.A. two-fifteenth B. two-fifteenths C. tw
18、o fifteen D. two fifteens13. The price of such material was reduced_ .A. by 18 percent B. to 18 percent C. at 18 percent D.for 18 percent14. South of the equator, 81 percent of the surface of the earth_ water.A. is B. are C. was D. were15. They sold _boxes of such sweets last week.A. four dozen B. f
19、our dozens C. four dozens of D. four dozen of16. It took me _ days to finish drawing a beautiful horse.A. a half dozen B. half a dozen C. haft dozens D. half dozen417._people were sent there to help fight against the flood.A. Three scores of B. Three score of C. Three score D. Three scores18. Dont l
20、eave you work_ .A. done half B. half done C. a half done D. done a half19. Nobody can do two things well _ .A. at one time B. at once C. one time D. once20. He has_ books in his study.A. several thousands B. some thousands of C. some thousands D. some thousand of21. On National day_ people take part
21、 in all kinds of celebration.A. hundreds of millions of B. millions of hundred ofC. hundreds millions of D. millions hundreds of22. He has lived at_ for 30 years.A. No. 101 Heping Street B. 101 Heping StreetC. Heping Street 101 D. Heping street No. 10123. You can find him in_ .A. Room 201 B.201 Room
22、 C. the Room 20 D. the 201 Room24. Its_ walk from here to my school.A. two - hours B. two hours C. two - hour D. a two - hour25. It was in_ when he was already in _ that he went to Yanan.A. the 1940s, the 40s B. the 1940s, his fortiesC. 1940s, his forties D. the 1940s, his 40s26. He went to the mark
23、et and bought _eggs and some meat.A. three dozen of B. three dozenC. three dozens D. three dozens of27.Shortly after the accident two _police were sent to the spot to keep order.A. dozen of B. dozens C. dozen D. dozens of (MET92 29)28.Mr Smith _me to buy several _eggs for the dinner.A. asked, dozen
24、B. suggested, dozens of C. had, dozen D. persuaded, dozens of (94 上海)29._of the land in that district _covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths , is D. Two fifths, are (2000 上海)30.Two _died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old people B. hundred old peopleC. hundre
25、d old peoples D. hundred old peoples (88MET.15)It is not rare in _that people in _fifties are going to university for further education.A.90s,the B. the 90s, / C.90s, their D. the 90s, their (99 上海 6)语法复习十六：数 词1B2. C 表示“ 几十“ 的数字的复数与所有格代词一起来用以表示人的年龄，本句为“ 二十多岁“。3C 定冠词“the“和数的复数形式在一起表示年代。4D 序数词前面加不定冠词表
26、示 “又一次“( 已经四次了)5A 这里“first“有人说起副词作用，可以看成表语，也可以看做一种“取得第一名“ 的习惯用法。6D 序数词和名词共同构成的专有名词还可以是 thc Second World War 的形式。57C 只有 C 项为正确的表达方式，或者也可以写成“one or two days“再如：one hour and a half或 one and a half hours8B “in half“表示“ 分成一样大小的两半 “。也可以说“cutin two“9B 再如 twice the height(depth，width，weight，etc)of10D either
27、or连接主语用就近原则。be to hand out the prizes 意为“要颁发奖品“ 。11答案为 B。百分比作修饰语，前面不加冠词且不能加复数。12答案为 B。分数做定语，分子用基数词，分母为序数词，当分子大于 1 时，分母用复数，本题中，其它表达方式均不正确。13答案为 A。表增加或减少的数量的百分比，用 by+百分数表示。14答案为 A。不可数的名词的百分比用单数；可数名词的百分比则用复数。C 项时态不对，另如：90 percent of the population here are peasents这个句子中 population 的意思是 people15答案为 A。“d
28、ozen“与数词或 many，several 等词连用时复数一般不加 s，故 B、C 两项不选。此外，dozen 与数词连用做定语，一般也不加 of当然也有例外：Place them in dozens on the tabledozens 表数量很多。Two dozen of these are wanteddozen 后面有 of 因为有限定词these， the 等。Dozens of people were heredozens of 也表示“很多“。16答案为 B。“半打“ 的表达方式一定要用“hall a dozen“。17答案为 B。score 做定语修饰名词用 a(three)
29、score of，而不用复数形式；常用“scores of“为其复数形式，意为“大量“ ，但有： three score and ten，a score or more18答案为 B。“hall“起副词作用，修饰过去分词“done“ ，因为这个过去分词表状态，故 “half“应在“done“前。再如：well done， well known，不用 a half 修饰 done，故不选 C、B 两项。19B 意为“ 同时“ ，不是“立刻“ 。20B2lA 如：tens of thousands of(小数在前，大数在后)thousands and thonsands of( 两数一样大)。22
30、B 居住的门牌号用介词 at+号数+街道名“ 。23A24答案为 D。“walk“作为名词，常与不定冠词连用。注意：在表数量的合成词中，名词部分为单数，如：a two-year-old boy 25答案为 B。“在 20 世纪 40 年代“，必须有定冠词“the“此外，年代后要加s 或 s。“他已经 40多岁了“要用 in his forties。26答案为 B。dozen 与数词或多或少 several, many 连用时，复数不加 s。dozens of 表示数量很多，在修饰有 these，the 等词限定的名词时，可用 dozen of 的形式。如：three dozen of these eggs. 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.B 31.D
