1、计算机专业英语模拟 3一、Vocabulary（词汇，30 分）（一）Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese.（写出下列词组的汉语，共10 分，每题 1 分）1. memory 存储器，内存条 2. hard drive 硬盘 3. perform 执行 4. instruction pipeline 指令流水线 5. portable 可移植的 6. assembly language 汇编语言 7. compiler 编译器 8. browser 浏览器 9. real-time 实时的 10. operator
2、 overloading 操作符重载 （二）Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English.（根据汉语写出相应的英语，共 10 分，每题 1 分）1. 操作系统 operating system，OS 2. 应用程序接口 API 3. 微处理器 microprocessor 4. 面向对象编程 OOP 5. 微软的开发商网络 MSDN 6. 公式翻译器 FORTRAN 7. 面向商业的通用语言 COBOL 8. 只读存储器 ROM 9. 千位 kilobit，Kb 10. 算术逻辑运算单元 ALU （arithmetic-logic unit
3、 ） （三）Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column. （将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配，共 10 分，每空 1 分）1. multimedia a. 字处理器2. software life cycle b. 交换机3. structured programming c. 多媒体4. functional testing d. 局域网5. word processor e. 结构化程序设计6. code wind
4、ows f. 软件生命周期7. firewall g. 功能测试8. LAN h. 代码窗口9. hacker i. 黑客10. switch j. 防火墙1.c 2.f 3.e 4.g 5.a 6.h 7.j 8.d 9.i 10.b二、Comprehension（阅读理解，40 分)（一）Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below, and change the form where necessary.（从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空，共10 分，每空
5、1 分）processing control robotsinformation processing buildWe computer to solve problems. Early computer solved mathematical and engineering problems, and later computers emphasized for business applications. Today, the computer also machines as diverse as automobile engines, , and microwave ovens. A
6、computer system solves a problem from any of these domains by accepting input, it, and producing output.requirements maintaindisciplined coding modifySoftware Engineering, which means the application of engineering to software, is a method to develop, operate and software. That is, the development o
7、f software is on a systematic, , quantitive basis. Before starting the development of software, you have to systematically approach the problem. You have to understand the (what the software is supposed to do), carry out the design, do the , carry out a rigorous testing and if the software is as per
8、 the requirements, release the software to the customer. Subsequently, if the customer wants some changes-refinements or enhancements then the software has to be .build information processing control robots processingmaintain disciplined requirements coding modified（二）Tell whether the following stat
9、ements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage A.（根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误，共 10 分，每题 2 分）Passage AThe central processing unit (CPU) is the heart of the computer systems. Among other things, its configuration determines whether a computer is fast or slow in relation to other computers. The CPU is th
10、e most complex computer system component, responsible for directing most of the computer system activities based on the instructions provided. As one computer generation has evolved to the next, the physical size of the CPU has often become smaller and smaller, while its speed and capacity have incr
11、eased tremendously. Indeed, these changes have resulted in microcomputers that are small enough to fit on your desk or your lap.The CPU comprises the control unit and the arithmetic / logic unit (ALU). The control unit is responsible for directing and coordinating most of the computer systems activi
12、ties. It determines the movement of electronic signals between main memory and the arithmetic/logic unit, as well as the control signals between the CPU and input/output devices.The ALU performs all the arithmetic and logical (comparison) functions that is, it adds, subtracts, multiplies, divides, a
13、nd does comparisons. These comparisons, which are basically “less than”, “greater than”, and “equal to”, can be combined into several common expressions, such as “greater than or equal to”. The objective of most instructions that use comparisons is to determine which instruction should be executed n
14、ext. 1. With the development of computer, the physical size of the CPU has often become bigger and bigger. ( F )2. The movement of electronic signals between main memory and the ALU as well as the control signal between the CPU and input /output devices are controlled by the control unit of the CPU.
15、 ( T )3. The CPU comprises the control unit and memory. ( F )4. The control unit performs all the arithmetic and logical (comparison) functions. ( T )5. The central processing unit (CPU) is the heart of the computer systems. ( F )（三）Choose the best answer according to the passage B.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案，共
16、 10 分，每题 2 分）Passage BIn order to solve a computational problem, its solution must be specified in terms of a sequence of computational steps, each of which may be performed by a human or a digital computer . If you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to pro
17、gram. The task of developing programs for the solution of computational problems is referred to as programming. Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of steps for a computer to follow. In general, this process will help us resolve a problem, which is either too tedi
18、ous or difficult to work out otherwise . So programming is breaking a task down into small steps.Programming is sometimes contrasted with coding. Coding generally refers to the writing of programs for given program specification, while programming includes the task of preparing the program specifica
19、tion as well as that of writing the program. The text of a program is sometimes referred to as code, and lines of program text are referred to as lines of code, especially in the case of machine-language programs. The term coder is used to describe a person engaged exclusively in implementing progra
20、m specifications prepared by others. Whats actually involved in programming - the actual process of writing programs? Heres a quick overview of the process: Write a program. Compile the program. Run the program. Debug the program. Repeat the whole process until the program is finished.1If you want t
21、o solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to B .A. calculate B. program C. add D. subtract2. Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of A for a computer to follow. A. steps B. process C. lines D. graphics3. The term coder is used to descr
22、ibe D .A. machine B. computer C. keyboard D. person4. In order to solve a computational problem, you can let a person or a B to do it.A. machine B. computer C. keyboard D. mouse5. Which of the following is not the stages of programming? C A. Write a program.B. Debug the program.C. Print the program.
23、D. Compile the program.（四）Choose the best answer according to Passage C.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案，共10 分，每题 2 分）Passage CA computer virus is a computer program that is created to make and spread copies of itself. The program may however also be designed to have other effects on the systems it infects, ranging
24、from the annoying to the disastrous. Virus attacks are growing rapidly these days. According to BusinessWeek, the 76,404 attacks reported in the first half of 2003 nearly match previous years total number . As new antivirus tools are more powerful than before, the virus writers are getting a lot sma
25、rter with newer and creative ways to attack network systems. Lets first examine some common virus types: Basic Virus - a piece of software code that is developed to attack computers and network systems via email or Internet connections. It quickly replicates itself and gradually attaches to files, p
26、rograms or the hard drive.Trojan Horses - This is a program that doesnt replicate when entering a system but can be effectively used to open back doors. Trojan Horses allow hackers to take control over a particular system or to steal very important data.Worm - this type of virus is able to spread it
27、self automatically over the network from one computer to the next. During a worm attack, users computers get infected without even having to click open email attachment or any program, etc.Since it is very difficult to avoid the virus, your best defense is a powerful antivirus program. In order to f
28、ight with such viruses, the software vendors should focus on making their products more robust. This may ask for a trade-off between user-friendliness and security. In specific cases it may require line-by-line inspection, code retooling and even systems automation to defend the installed programs.1
29、A computer virus is a computer program that is created to make and spread C of itself.Aprograms Bvirus C copies Dfiles2Worm spread itself except by D .Anetwork BE-mail Cprogram Dhardware3Antivirus program can scan and A virus.Aclean Bproduce Creplicate Dmake4Trojan Horses C .Aquickly replicate itsel
30、f and gradually attach to files, programs or the hard drive.Binfect the computer without even having to click open email attachment or any program.Callow hackers to take control over a particular system or to steal very important data.Davoid the virus to attack computer.5According to Business Week,
31、the B attacks reported in the first half of 2003 nearly match previous years total number .A 86,404 B 76,404 C56,354 D 34,876三、Translation （翻译，30 分）（一）Translate the following sentences into Chinese.（共 20 分，每题 5 分）1. For developing a software product, the development process is divided into 5 stages:
32、 Requirements Analysis & Specification, Design, Coding, Testing, and Maintenance.1. 开发一个软件产品，开发过程分为五个步骤：需求分析和说明，设计，写代码，测试和维护。2. EDI refers to the electronic exchange of business information between two companies using a specific and structured format over private networks.2. EDI 指的是两个公司之间通过私有网络使用特定、
33、结构化的格式电子交换商业信息。3. Some applications, such as Word, allow for several windows in a special mode called MDI in which you can open multiple documents within the same application.3. 一些应用软件，例如 Word，允许几个窗口同时在一个叫做 MDI 的模式下存在，你能够在一个软件中打开多个文档。4. Functional testing tests whether the output is the expected res
34、ult with the valid input.4. 功能测试检验的是用有效的输入是否能够得到所期望的输出。（二）Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.（将下段文章翻译成汉语，共 10 分）A high-level language is an artificial language with which we can write various instructions. This is possible not because computer processors are now so technologically advanc
35、ed that they can understand these languages. You should translate from programming languages into machine language which can be understood by the computer processors. Compilers can accomplish this task. This does mean that a high-level language program is not directly executable: it must be compiled to produce processor program, which is executable.高级语言是一种人造语言，使用它我们可以写不同的指令。这成为可能不是因为计算机处理器如今是如此的技术先进以至于它们可以理解这些语言。你需要将这些语言翻译成计算机处理器能够理解的机器语言。编译器能够完成这项工作。这就意味着高级语言程序不是直接可执行的：它必须被编译生成处理器程序，这些程序是可执行的。
