1、Grammar Focus,(二)形容词的比较级和最高级 comparatives and superlatives with adj. and adv.,short,-,shorter,small,-,smaller,nice,nicer,safe,safer,-,-,-,-,-,-,big,thin,heavy,heavier,happy,happier,找规律:,big,bigger,thin,thinner,delicious more delicious interesting more interesting important more important carefully-m
2、ore carefully quickly-more quickly slowly-more slowly easily- more easily,找规律:,大多数形容词和副词有三个等级: 原级、比较级、最高级。 一、形容词比较级的构成1.构成的不规则变化:2.构成的规则变化:,形容词和副词的比较级,1. 构成的不规则变化: e.g. good / well better best bad / badly worse worstmany / much more most little less leastfar farther / further farthest/ furthest,2. 构
3、成的规则变化: 1) 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾后加-er 构成比较级 或-est构成最高级. 如:原级 比较级 最高级cold colder coldestbright brighterbrightestyoung younger youngest,2) 以字母 e 结尾的词只加 r 或-st 构成比较级和最高级。原级 比较级 最高级nice nicer nicestfine finer finestlarge larger largest,3) 重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母 时, 先双写这个辅音字母, 再加-er或-est。 如: big bigger biggest thin
4、thinner thinnest 4) 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词,先改y为i, 再加-er或-est。如:easy easier easiest happy happier happiest,5) 多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或most。如:delicious more delicious most deliciousinteresting more interesting most interestingimportantmore important most important,carefully-more carefully-most carefully quickl
5、y-more quickly -most quickly slowly-more slowly -most slowly easily- more easily -most easily,形容词最高级的构成,tall,taller,tallest,B: heavy easy tidy dry busy happy healthyhungry early,y - i- est,C: largelatenice,- st,biggest,D: big,hot,hottest,thin “双写”,thinnest,wet,wettest,fat,fattest,Adjective,delicious
6、 dangerousinterestingpopular beautiful careful friendly,the most - adj .,Adjective,better best,far,little,worse worst,more most,farther farthest,less least,good,well,bad,badly,many,much,1. good 2. comfortable 3. big 4. happy 5. cheap 6. many 7. difficult 8. little,better bestmore comfortable most co
7、mfortablebigger biggesthappier happiestcheaper cheapestmore mostmore difficult most difficultless least,用法:英语中三者或三者以上相比较,表示 “最” 这样的最高程度概念时,要用 “the+最高级” 的结构表示。这种句式一般带有表示比较的介词短语,比如: in our class, of the three 等。 例如:Wang Lin is the tallest in our class.This theater is the cheapest of the three. 注意使用最高级
8、时应注意以下几点:,形容词的最高级,(1) 表示 “最之一” 的句式,要用 one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词。 例如: Jingjiang Hotel is one of the biggest hotels in our city.Lisa is not one of my best friends.(2) 当最高级前面有物主代词或名词所有格时, 不加定冠词 the。 例如:Tom is Lucys best friend.Tuesday is her busiest day.,(3) 最高级前可加序数词。 例如:The Yellow River is the second l
9、ongest river in China. (4) 形容最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词,代词时,被修饰的词往往省略。 例如:He is the laziest (student) in our class.,2. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成规则变化 一般情况下,单音节或双音节的形容词比较级直接加-er, 最高级直接加-est。如:clevercleverercleverest cheapcheapercheapest fewfewerfewestsmallsmallersmallestyoungyoungeryoungest,b. 以-e 结尾的形容词,比较级+ -r,最高级+ -st。如
10、: largelargerlargest nicenicernicestcutecutercutest c. 以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词,变y为i +er或+est。busybusierbusiest heavyheavierheaviesteasyeasiereasiest happyhappierhappiestdirtydirtierdirtiest,d. 以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母结 尾的词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加+er或 +est。 如:bigbiggerbiggest thinthinnerthinnestfatfatterfattest hothotterhott
11、est e. 多音节和部分双音节形容词,需在原级前+more 构成比较级,+ most 构成最高级。如:importantmore importantmost importantbeautifulmore beautiful most beautifuldifficultmore difficultmost difficult,3. 不规则变化:,最高级规则变化口诀:,最高级,很容易,一般词尾加est。 (cheap-the cheapest) 词尾若有哑音e, 直接就加st。 (close-the closest) 重读闭音节, 单辅音字母要双写。 (big-the biggest) 辅音字
12、母加y, 记得把y变为i。 (friendly-the friendliest) 多音节,考考你,the most到底加哪里? (popular-the most popular),1.We are going to the Green Restaurant for lunch. (就划线部分提问)_ you going for lunch? 2. Sam is the shortest in his class. (改为同义句) Sam is _ than _ _ student in his class. Sam is _ than _ _ students in his class. Sam is _ than_ _ in his class. 3. How do you like Screen City? (改为同义句)_ do you _ Screen City?,Where are,shorter,any other,What,think of,shorter,the other,anyone else,shorter,练习:改写句子,