1、专转本教案阅读 现代教育,Reading comprehension,1、直接信息题(questions of details) 2、猜测词义题(words in context) 3、推理判断题(questions of inference) 4、主旨归纳题(main idea),questions of inference,1. We can infer(推断）from the passage that _ . 2.The story suggests(暗示）that _ . 3.We can conclude(得出结论）from the passage that _ . 4.Which
2、of the following might / probably happened later ? 5.From the passage we can tell / learn _ . 6.The writer of the passage considers it _ . 7. Which of the following indicates / implies_?,Question forms:,Key point:意思要靠推断得出，而不是从原文照搬,1. Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sou
3、nd like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called “the deathwatch beetle.“ The sound of this beetle _. A. pleased people. B. surprised people. C. frightened people. D. excited people.,Practice
4、:,2. It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you dont turn it back over, all the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die.You can tell that rocks _. A. hurt sea animals B. protect sea anima
5、ls C. wont be found on beaches D. cant be found on beaches,How to get the main idea?,Question forms:,Two types: main idea, topic / title,The subject of the passage is _.,2.The main idea is _.,5.The title is _.,3.The passage mainly talks about _.,4.What topic is treated in this passage?,9.The point o
6、f the passage is that _.,8.Whats the topic of the first paragraph?,6.The best headline for the passage would be _.,7.Which title best gives the idea of the passage?,10.Whats the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?,1Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments
7、show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether y
8、ou get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?,Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.,2 Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professi-onal criminal. And the man who knows “everythi
9、ng” may really only be trying tohide his own weakness. So, it is foolish totry to judge a person only by his appearance,So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance,3If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “C
10、olor TV. Only 79. Two days sale. Hu-rry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs 395. This sales method is called “bait an
11、d switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. Buying things on sale needs careful consideration of the goods and the reason for the sale.The paragraph could be entitled _.A. Buying A TV SetB. A Selling MethodC. Buyer BewareD. TV On
12、 Sale,This sales method is called “bait and switch”.,(detail)(detail) (detail),4 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided
13、him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. The main idea of this paragraph is that _. A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university. B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School an
14、d later from Boston College. C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. D. Tom received an excellent education.,detail,detail,detail,Types Of Paragraph Structures,At the beginning,At the end,In the middle,No clear topic sentence,for example,so, therefore,How to get the mai
15、n idea of a passage?,Passage BReading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according t
16、o Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ).The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy speciali
17、sts admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the childrens department.Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in th
18、e childrens department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class.The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it
19、in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.,Example and success of the program,59. What is mainly discussed in the text?A. Childrens reading difficulties. B. Advantages of raising dogs.C. Service in a public library. D. A special reading program.,6Magellans men were the first t
20、o make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they
21、 sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he wa
22、s killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the
23、world and that our earth is but a huge ball.,Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.,Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world .,Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 151
24、9, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died o
25、f hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they r
26、eturned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.,1. time,2. ships andpeople,3. route,4. Sufferings and difficulties,a. Lack of food and freshwater,b. Hunger and diseases,c. Deaths,The process of Magellans long difficult voyage,5. success,Magellans voyage proved that men c
27、ould sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.,Magellans voyaged proved the earth is round.,Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On Septemb
28、er 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of t
29、hem died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Goed Hope. By the t
30、ime they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.,Paragraph 1:Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world .,Paragraph 2:The process of Magellans long diffi
31、cult voyage,Paragraph 3: Magellans voyaged proved the earth is round.,Magellans voyage,6Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Sp
32、ain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and
33、 diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to S
34、pain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?A. Magellans deathB. Going Around The WorldC. The World Is RoundD.
35、 Magellans Voyage,(too narrow),(too narrow),(too broad),(proper),How to get the meaning of some words or phrases?,从考查内容看，主要是猜测某个生词、熟词、短语或句子的意思以及猜测代词的指代。,解题技巧：利用（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。,1.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word? 2.The word could best be replaced by 3.In the paragrap
36、h, the word means (refers to ) 4.According to the passage, probably means 5.The author uses the word to mean,Question forms:,Provide incentive. Tell your children the importance of saving. “For every dollar he or she agrees to save and invest rather than spend, you agree to add another dollar to the
37、 pot,” says Cathy Pareto, expert in money planning.,The underlined word “incentive” in this paragraph means _. Honor B. praise C. excitement D. encouragement,When I first became a reporter I knew a man who gave up a very well paid respectable job at the Daily Telegraph to go and edit a small weekly
38、newspaper. At the time I was astonished by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal mental state. How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area? I wanted to know. The underlined phrase “turn his back on” most probably means _. A. leave for B. return
39、 to C. give up D. rely on,Sam Stover, a search team manager with the Federal Emergency Management Agency based in Indiana, said snake-type robots would offer greater mobility than equipment currently available, such as cameras attached to extendable poles. “It just allows us to do something weve bee
40、n able to do before,” Stover said. “We needed them yesterday.”By saying “We needed them yesterday.”, Stover means that snake-like robots _. A. Could help handle the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina B. Would have been put to use in past rescue work C. Helped rescuers search flooded houses yesterday D.
41、Were in greater need yesterday than today,Instantly, we were busily preparing for the worst. The whole family had experienced such a storm before and everyone remembered the damage it had caused to stock and crops. There was very little we could do about the crops. But we needed to protect the anima
42、ls in case the river flooded again. My older brother called his sheep-dog and began driving our small flock of sheep to higher ground above the river. If the river flooded. They should be safe there. The underlined word “stock” in this paragraph refers to _. A. money owned by the family B. goods for sale C. supplies for family use D. farm animals,
