1、 中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家东方教育网站：www.eastvip.org 东方教育教学管理部1东方教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号 SH12yy0000授课班级： 年 级： 初二 课时数：2学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：学科组长签名及日期 剩余天数 天课 题 专题四：祈使句授课时间： 备课时间：教学目标 1.理解祈使句的含义，肯定否定各种形式。2.祈使句的其他用法。重点、难点 祈使句的肯定否定形式、反意疑问句。考点及考试要求 单选和改写句子中会涉及到，要求灵活掌握。教学内容一、自我检测。( )1. Congratulations! Your speech is excellent.来
2、源:*zzstep& _.A. Oh, no B. It doesnt matter C. Thats a good idea D. Many thanks( )2. How would you like your coffee? .A. Black, please B. Very much. C. It tastes good. D. No, thanks.( )3. Look at the nation flags below. Which represents China?来源%:中*教网A B C D( )4. Which animal comes from China?A B C D
3、( )5. Which is a traffic sign?A. KEEP QUIET B. DO NOT DISTURBC. TURN LEFT D. SOLD OUT ( )6. Hurry up, we must be the first to interview the pop star. Sure. _.中国#教育出 版%网*中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家东方教育网站：www.eastvip.org 东方教育教学管理部2A. East or west, home is the best B. The early bird catches the wormC. Many hands
4、make light work D. Dont put all your eggs in one basket( )7.Are you going to take part in the speech competition? . Its too good a chance to miss.A. NO problem B. Thanks a lot C. Never mind D. Thats for sure( )8. Tom, be careful not to drive too fast . Thank you for your advice.A. Its better to be s
5、afe than sorry B. Too many cooks spoil the brothC. Many hands make light work D. Every dog has its day版网*&( )家庭家庭 9. Shall we have a cup of coffee?-_.A. Good idea B. Thank you C. Thats OK D. Me too( )10. Thanks for the delicious food. - _.A. No, thanks B. Thats right C. All right D. My pleasure二、语法精
6、讲。一.祈使句的句式特征祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此，祈使句中一般没有主语，但根据其句意，实际上是省略了主语 you。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调。在表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上 please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。例如：Keep off the grass! Put the boxes in the small room.二.祈使句的肯定句式祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型：肯 定 结 构 : 1. Do 型 (即 :动 词 原 形 (+宾 语 )+其 它 成 分 )。 如
7、:Please have a seat here. 有 的 祈 使 句 在 意 思 明 确 的 情 况 下 ,动 词 可 省 略 。如 :This way, please. = Go this way, please. 2. Be 型 (即 :Be + 表 语 (名 词 或 形 容 词 )+其 它 成 分 )。 如 :Be a good boy! 3. Let 型 (即 :Let + 宾 语 + 动 词 原 形 + 其 它 成 分 )。 如 :Let me help you. 三.祈使句的否定句式 否 定 结 构 : 1. Do 型 和 Be 型 的 否 定 式 都 是 在 句 首 加 don
8、t 构 成 。如 :Dont forget me! Dont be late for school! 2. Let 型 的 否 定 式 有 两 种 :“Dont + let + 宾 语 + 动 词 原 形 + 其 它 成 分 ”和 “Let + 宾 语 + not + 动 词 原 形 + 其 它 成 分 ”。Dont let me go with her tomorrow. Let me not go with her tomorrow.注意：如果以 Lets 开头的祈使句，必须在 Lets 后加 not。例如：_whenever we meet her.无论什么时候我们碰到她，都不要告诉她真
9、相。如 :Dont let him go. / Let him not go. 别 让 他 走 。 3. 有 些 可 用 no 开 头 ,用 来 表 示 禁 止 性 的 祈 使 句 。如 :No smoking! 禁 止 吸 烟 !No fishing! 禁 止 钓 鱼 ! 三、祈使句基础练习。一、将以下祈使句改为否定式：中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家东方教育网站：www.eastvip.org 东方教育教学管理部31. Come here early. 2. Ask him. 3. Please wait for her. 4. Read the book carefully. 5. Si
10、t under the tree, please. 6. Lets go there together. 二、选择最佳答案填空：( )1. If you are tired, _ a rest.A. have B. having C. to have D. had( )2. _ me go. It is very important for me.A. Do let B. let do C. Doing let D. To do let( )3. He is not honest. _ believe him. A. Not B. Dont C. To not D. Not to( )4. I
11、f you want to stay, let me know, _?A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. do we( )5. Never come late again, _? A. will you B. wont C. do you D. does he( )6. _ up early tomorrow, or you cant catch the train.A. Getting B. Get C. To get D. Got( )7. _ in the street. Its dangerous.A. Not play B. Not to pla
12、y C. Dont play D. Dont to play( )8. Please _ me some money, will you?A. lend B. Lending C. to lend D. be lend( )9. The film is about to begin. Please _ seated. A. be B. are C. is D. being( )10. _ the boxes. You may use them later. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept四、知识拓展。四.祈使句的反意问句祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子结
13、构及讲话人的语气来决定其疑问部分。通常有以下三种形式：1.祈使句为肯定句式，其反意疑问句表示请求时，通常用 will you；表示邀请、劝说时，用 wont you。例如:Be sure to write to us, will you?Come to have dinner with us this evening, wont you?2.祈使句为否定句式，其反意疑问句通常只用 will you。例如：Dont smoke in the meeting room, will you? 3. Let 开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时，除 Lets 用 shall we 外，其它均用 will yo
14、u。例如：Let the boy go first, will you? Lets take a walk after supper, shall we? 五.祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用 will 或 wont。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：一是形式一致，即 Yes 与 will 保持一致；No 与 wont 保持一致。中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家东方教育网站：www.eastvip.org 东方教育教学管理部4二是意思相反，即 Yes 是 不的意思；No 是是的意思。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。例如：- Don
15、t go out, please. Its raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport.不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。六.祈使句与陈述句的并列使用祈使句后接陈述句时，须用连接词连接。如果祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时，要用并列连词 and来连接；如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时，要用并列连词 or 来连接。例如：Leave it with me and I will see what I can do. 把它留给我吧，我想想有没有办法。Hu
16、rry up,_well be late. 快点，否则我们要迟到了。七.祈使句与条件状语从句的连用祈使句与条件状语从句连用时，条件状语从句可置于祈使句前或后。例如：Tell him to make a phone call to me if he comes here tomorrow.五、巩固训练。I. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Its an important meeting. _ (not, be )late.2. _ (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.3. _ (not, speak) with your mouth
17、 full of food and _ (be) polite.4. _ ( not, talk) and _ (read) aloud.5. _ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. _ (look) out! A car is coming.7. _ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. _ (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you _ (catch) a cold.10. L
18、ets _ (not, say) anything about it.II. 选择填空( )1 .Her doctor said: “_ work so hard”A Stop B Dont C Cant D No( )2. Sindy, _ to be here at 8 oclockA is sure B is sure that C will be sure D be sure( )3._ when you cross the road.A Do care B Care C Do be careful D To be careful( )4. _him the secret, will
19、you?A Dont tell B Not to tell C Not telling D No telling( )5. _ in bed. Its bad for your eyes.A Not to read B Dont read C Dont to read D Not read( )6. _ Your child. Well look after him.A Not to worry about B Dont worry about中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家东方教育网站：www.eastvip.org 东方教育教学管理部5C Not worry for D Dont worr
20、y with( )7.They are very tired. Why _ have a rest?A not they B do not they C dont they D not to( )8 -You look rather tired. _ stopping to have a rest? - All right.A Why not B How about C Why not to Dwhy dont( ) 9 _ tell a lie.A Hardly B Not C No D Never( )10.Please _ look outside. Look at the blackb
21、oard.A not B dont C arent D cant( )11. Why dont you join us in the game?A What not B Why not C Why to D How to( ) 12 _ go for the book alone, Ms Zhang.A Lets B Let me C Let us D Allow( )13 John, read the text for us,_?A does he B will he C do you D will you( )14. Lets do it at once, _ ?A shall we B
22、will you C do we D do you( )15. Let us do it at once, _ ?A shall we B will you C do we D do you六、趁热打铁。八.祈使句的强调形式祈使句的强调形式通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词 Do(Do 在句中无意义)。例如：Do shut up!快住口！九.特殊形式的祈使句在英语中，有些祈使句不是以动词原形来引起一个祈使句，而是以一个名词短语来充当，且后接一个带有并列连接词的分句。实际上，这个充当祈使句的名词短语相当于一个条件状语从句。例如：More water and the young trees could
23、nt have died. If you had given them more water, the young trees couldnt have died.十.运用祈使句的误区祈使句往往容易与不定式、分词或条件状语从句相混淆。在平时的练习或测试中，如果稍不留神，就会出错。因此，要认真审题，认真分析句子结构，并根据上下文语境，作出正确判断。例如：_ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.A. Having checked B. Check C. If you check D. To check析
24、：如果空白处选填 B(Check)项，则视为祈使句，但后一分句前没有并列连接词 and 连接；如选 A 或 D 项(分词或不定式)，句中逻辑主语 some spelling mistakes 又不能执行这个动作，故均不符合句子结构。因此，只有C 项( 条件状语从句)符合句子结构及句意。七、中考链接。( )【2012 贵州安顺】1.Im going to take my driving test tomorrow_!AGood luck BCongratulations CCome on DCheers中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家东方教育网站：www.eastvip.org 东方教育教学管理
25、部6( )【2012.安徽省】2. -Im going to a party on Thursday night at Jimmys house. -_! Youll have two tests at school on Friday.A. Its nice to say so B. Thats exciting来&#源%:中国教育出版网 C. Enjoy yourself D. You cant be serious( )【2012.安徽省】3. -What a nice meal! Its really kind of you to invite us. -_. Im glad you
26、like it. A. Not at all B. Sounds good C. Well done D. Never mind 中国教育出版网#%&( )【2012.安徽省】4. - May I speak to Mr. Smith?- , please. Ill see if he is in.A. Look out B. Hold on C. Keep up D. Come on( )【2012.安徽省】5. I wonder if I can use your dictionary for a while.来源:zz#step.%&comA. Here you are B. 1 don
27、t know C. Nothing much D. I dont care( )【2012 贵州铜仁 】6. Excuse me. Is there a bank near here?No, _. But you can find one in Yang Fang Road来%&源: 中#教网A. there isnt B. it isnt C. they arent D. there is来源:中% 国教育出#版&网( )2012 湖北宜昌 】7. The math exam is coming. Im very nervous.Just . Im sure youll do well in
28、 it.A. make progress B. pay attention C. take it easy D. look out( )【2011 湖北恩施 】8. Im sorry for stepping on your toes. _.A. Bad luck B. Youre welcome C. It doesnt matter( )【2012 湖北十堰】9. Which of the following signs may mostly be seen beside a lake?来源*:中国教育%出#版网( )【2012 湖北十堰】10. -Mr. Johnson, Im afra
29、id I cant finish the project during this month. -_. How about next month?A. Good for you B. It wont bother me来源 * C. Thats OK D. Not at all. ( )【2012 湖北武汉】11. Do you need my help,Mary?_. A.Yes,please B.I“d love to C.Never mind D.Well done( )【2012 湖北武汉】12. Help yourself to some more meat,Linda._. A.I
30、“m full,thanks B.It“s my pleasure C.It dosen“t matter D.Very well,thank you( )【2012 湖北咸宁 13. Teddy, dont draw on the wall. Its not a good behavior. _. A. Never mind B. Yes, Id love toC. Sorry, I wont D. Of course not 来源:z#z&( )【2012 湖北孝感】14. I think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. . Th
31、ey arent serious enough.A. I agree B. I disagree C. I think so D. Thats right来源#*:中国% 教育出&版网( )【2012 湖北宜昌 】15. So many people! Could you stand here? . Dont you see the sign “Line up, please“?A. My pleasure B. No problem C. Of course D. Sorry, you cant八、家庭作业。中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家东方教育网站：www.eastvip.org 东方教
32、育教学管理部71. Would you like some rice?_. Id rather have a piece of bread.www.zzstep*.#%com&A. Yes, please B. No problem C. Thats OK D. No, thanks2. Hi, Paul. Long time no see. _?Ive just bought a new car. Its great.A. Whats new B. Whats wrong C. How are you D. What about you3.-Thank you for taking me a
33、round your school, Daming.-_A.Dont mention it. B.Never mind. C.Of course not. D.No problem.4. Which of the following is a traffic sign?www.#zzs%m5. Do you my turning on the TV?www.#zzst&*ep.co . Im doing my homework.来源:%中*国教育出版网#A. No, of course not B. Yes, please C. Not at all D. Better not6. I hav
34、e heard Tom had an accident while he was riding to school yesterday. ? He is always careful when riding.A. How come B. What for C. Why not D. So what7. My new iPhone was stolen when I took a bus yesterday._.www.&%A. Im sorry to hear that B. It doesnt matter来%源:中国教 育出版#网 C. Dont be silly D. Id love t
35、o8. I am very worried about tomorrows math test. I am afraid I cant pass this time. _ ! Im sure youll make it.A. No problem B. Cheer up C. Thats right D. Dont mention it9.Nice to meet you !_A. Thank you! B. How do you do ?C. Nice to m eet you, too! D. The same to you!10Where is Sally from, Mike?_A.
36、I am from China B. She is from America C. He is from England D. You are from Japan11.Would you like to go shopping with me, Kangkang?_A. No, Id like to B. No, I cantC. Sorry, Im afraid not , I have to do my homework D. Yes, I like12 Hello, whos that speaking？_A. That is Jane. B. This is Kangkang spe
37、aking.C. Im Mike D. She is Maria.13 Your T-shirt looks beautiful, Judy!_A. Dont say that. B. Thank you very much.C. Its not beautiful. D. I don t think so.14. Are you sure you can do well in the final exam?_, Ive got everything ready.A. No, Im not sure B. Its hard to say C. Yes, I think so D. I hope not15 Would you mind if I open the window?_, I got a cold.A. Youd better not. B. Never mind. C. Of course not. D. All right.签字确认 学员 教师 班主任
