1、1M4,U2 词汇导学案【学习目标】掌握各词条的词性、基本含义，了解相关词形变化或近义词，识记一些典型句对重要用法能理解运用。 【学习重点】各词条的基本含义及其运用。【学习难点】delighted，separate，compete，attempt【预习要求】词汇学习以识记、理解为主，忌只做笔头作业。完成导学案后圈出难点，小组讨论。对照目标找出差距。【学习内容】下列 10 个词条【词汇】1. delighted dilaitid adj. 愉快的，高兴的，欣喜的【原句回放】I am delighted to have been invited to your school to talk to
2、you about the history and significance of the Olympic Games.Id be most delighted if you will. 如果您愿意，我会非常高兴的。be delighted to do 乐于去做be delighted at 因而高兴【活学活用】 （C 级）I shall be delighted to show you around the place. 我很高兴领你到处转转。The woman was delighted at the recovery of her stolen jewels. 那位妇人对找回被盗的珠宝感
3、到非常高兴。【常用搭配】take delight in 以为乐to ones delight 使某人高兴的是 【活学活用】 （C 级）He takes delight in painting. 他爱好绘画。It was to our delight that she got the job. 使我们高兴的是她得到了那份工作。【牛刀小试】1She was _C_to hear the twitter of the birds somewhere near her window.A. delight B. delighting C. delighted D. delightful2He _ A _
4、 great delight in proving others wrong. A. takes B. puts C. gives D. makes2. significance n.重要； 意义；价值【活学活用】 （C 级）2What is the _ significance _ of this meeting? 这个会议有什么意义？adj. significant 有意义的, 重大的, 重要的This meeting is significant. 这个会议有意义3. compete kmpi:t vi. 比赛，竞争【常用搭配】compete in 参加比赛compete for 为而比
5、赛compete against/with 与比赛【活学活用】 （C 级）Tom will compete in the 100- meter race. 汤姆将参加 100 米比赛。Several companies are competing against/with each other for the contract. 几家公司正为争取一项合同而互相竞争.【牛刀小试】3Our athletes will _ B _ some games, such as running and wrestling. They have the hope to get some gold medals
6、.A. compete B. compete in C. join D. attend 4. separate adj.分开的,各别的 ,单独的; v.分开,隔开【活学活用】 （C 级）The children sleep in separate beds. 孩子们分别睡在各自的床上。Look, the two boys are fighting. Lets go and separate them.看！那两个男孩在打架，我们过去把他们分开吧。【指点迷津】separate 与 divide divide 和 separate 这两个词都有“分开”的意思，但含义和用法都不太相同。divide 指
7、的是把人或物分成若干等份，常与介词 into 连用；separate 指的是将不同类别的物品分开或将两个靠近的物品分开，使其不在一起，常与介词 from 连用。Lets divide these books into ten parts. 我们把这些书分成十份吧。A fence separates the cows from the pigs. 围栏把奶牛和猪分开。【牛刀小试】4As we joined the big crowd I got _ A _ from my friends. (NMET2001)A. separated B. spared C. lostD. missed5It
8、seems difficult to _ B _ “hurt” from “injure” in meaning. (上海 2002春)A. judge B. tell C. divideD. separate5. honour vt. 尊敬 n. 尊敬，敬意；荣誉，光荣【活学活用】 （C 级）3Children should honour their father and mother. 孩子应该尊敬父母。They fight for the honour of their country. 他们为祖国的荣誉而战。in honour of 纪念，向表示敬意It is only a dance
9、 in honour of her birthday. 这只是纪念她生日的一个舞会。【牛刀小试】6Washington, a state in the United States, was named _ A _ one of the greatest American presidents.A. in honour of B. instead ofC. in favour of D. by means of6. side by side 一起，共同，并肩地，并排【活学活用】 （C 级）The two boys play side by side all afternoon. 这两个男孩整个下
10、午都在一起玩。【联想拓展】：shoulder to shoulder 表示“ 并肩地、 齐心协力地 ”; hand in hand 表示“手拉手地” nose to nose/ face to face 表示“面对面地”。【牛刀小试】7Two videophones stood_ A _ on the table.A. side by side B. side to side C. one by one D. one side by the other side7. light lait n. 光,光亮,灯; a. 轻的,光亮的,容易的; v. 点燃 ,著火,变亮When it was dar
11、k we lit the candles. 天黑时我们点上了蜡烛。【指点迷津】light 的过去分词有两种 : lighted 和 lit，当作定语修饰名词时，用 lighted。【牛刀小试】8Suddenly all the lights went out, and I got a _ B _ candle.A. lit B. lighted C. lighting D. light8. contribution n. 贡献make contribution(s) to 对做出贡献, 其中的 to 是个介词。【活学活用】 （C 级）The invention of the typewrite
12、r is a great contribution to printing. 打字机的发明是对印刷的一大贡献。We have already made contribution(s) to protecting our environment since we joined the Greener China. 自从我们参加绿色中国组织以来已经为保护环境作了贡献。【牛刀小试】9The invention of the typewriter was _ A _great contribution _ communication and printing.4A. a, to B. /, to C.
13、 a, for D. /, toward10Chinese people make contributions to _ D _ China.A. change B. changing C. protect D. protecting9. absent adj. 缺席的；不在场的【活学活用】 （C 级）文。He is absent on business. 他因事缺席。He is _ absent _ from Beijing. 他不在北京。adj. 漫不经心的；心不在焉的；茫然的He looked at me in an absent way. 他茫然地望着我。vt.不在；缺席Why did
14、 you absent yourself from school yesterday? 昨天你为何不到校？n. absence 缺乏He didnt finished his paper because of _ absence _ of information。他因为缺乏资料没有完成论文。10. attempt n. to have B. a plenty of; to be C. a large number of; of D. a great deal of; to be 5. transport v. 运输；运送【活学活用】 （C 级）The goods were transporte
15、d by train. 翻译：货物是用火车来运输的_Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built. 在雕像可以运往美国之前 ,必须给它选个场地,还要建造一个雕像底座。n. transportation 流放，放逐；流放期; 运输；输送6. attraction n.引力, 有吸引力的东西【活学活用】 （C 级）The tides are caused by the attraction of the moon fo
16、r the earth.翻译：潮汐是由月亮对地球的引力引起的。The idea of working for state-owned enterprises has little attraction to young people nowadays.现时去国营企业就职的想法对年青人没有多大吸引力。Now the small town has become a tourist attraction. 现在这个小镇已经成了景点。attract vt. 吸引All the visitors are _ attracted _ by the beauty of nature. 所有的游客都被这自然美
17、景所吸引。adj. attractive 有吸引力的，诱人的。The goods on sale in that shop are attractive. 那个商店的出售的商品很有吸引力7. pretty adj. 漂亮的 , 可爱的, 优美的, 机灵的, 恰当的【活学活用】 （B 级）Your sister is a pretty girl. 翻译：你妹妹是个漂亮的女孩。8What a pretty dress you is wearing today! 你今天穿的衣服多漂亮!She looks much prettier with long hair than with short hai
18、r.她留长发比留短发时看上去标致得多。adv. 相当；颇-How are you?-Im pretty well . 翻译：你好吗？ 我很好.It was a _ pretty _ serious accident. 这是一次相当严重的事故。It will cost a _ pretty penny. 这要花相当多的钱的。8. otherwise adv. 另外, 否则, 不同地, 别的方式 adj. 另外的, 其他方面的【活学活用】 （B 级）Well go early, otherwise _we may not get a seat. 我们得早一点去，不然就没有座位了。He is noi
19、sy, but otherwise a nice boy. 他爱吵闹，但在其他方面倒是一个好孩子。9. stretch vt., vi. 变长，使长；变宽，使变宽；拉紧；张紧；伸开，张开【活学活用】 （B 级）She stretched the material by heating. 她通过加热撑拉这种材料。In some tropical regions small boats used to be made of skins stretched over a wooden frame.过去有些热带地区小船是用兽皮绷在一个木头框子上造成的。I _ stretched out my hand
20、 towards the book. 我把手伸向这本书。He stretched and flexed his knees to relax himself. 他伸屈膝关节使自己放松一下。10. maintain vt.保持；维持【活学活用】He failed again and again simply because he had maintained his defeatist attitude.因为他一直坚持失败主义的态度,所以失败了一次又一次。赡养；供给He has worked hard to maintain his family. 他努力工作来养家。The car has al
21、ways been properly maintained . 这汽车一直保养得很好。11. requirement n. 要求Candidates who fail to meet these requirements will not be admitted to the University. 不符合这些要求的考生不能上这所大学。注意：requirement 后的表语从句、同位语从句中，谓语要用“(should) do”形式。【牛刀小试】 （C 级）14. One of the requirements for a fire is that the material _ C _ to i
22、ts burning temperatureA. is heated B. will be heated9C. be heated D. would be heated12. meet vt. 满足（需要等） ，达到（要求等）【知识导航】meet 除了有“集会，会议；遇见”的意思外，还可以作为“满足（需要等） ，达到（要求等） ”讲。We will try our best to _ meet _ your needs. 我们将尽量地满足你的需求。【牛刀小试】(A 级)15. Unless the workersdemands are _ B _soon，there will be a str
23、ike.A. paid B. met C. permitted D. replied13. make way for 给让路；让位与【活学活用】 （B 级）Please_ make way for _ the president. 请给总统让路。He was pushed out to _ make way for _ the directors son. 为了给厂长的儿子让位，他被解雇了。14. involve v.包括，涉及（常与 in 连用）使陷入 be involved in, involve oneself in 与- 有关联 【活学活用】 （B 级）Dont _ involve _
24、other people in your trouble. 别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。All the children were involved_ in the school play. 所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的剧。This lesson involves a lot of work. 这一课需要做的工作有很多。They are deeply involved in debt. 他们债台高筑。10【随堂检测】1. Dont leave matches or cigarettes on the table within _ B _ of little children.A. hand B
25、. reach C. space D. distance2. The doctor told me to take the medicine A .A. every four hours B. four hours eachC. four each hour D. every fourth hours3. We must leave now,_ B _ well miss the train.A. so B. otherwise C. then D. and4. According to the spokesman, he is not _ A _ in the eventA. involve
26、d B. involving C. to involve D. involve5. There is _ A _ here in spring.A. plenty of B. lot of C. too many D. a great dealII. Word spelling:1. An athlete is a person who does a sport.2. Im delighted at your success in the final exam.3. We drove two hours to attend the opening ceremony of the film fe
27、stival.4. He was given a _medal_（奖章）for his bravery in the accident.5. This story just happened on the previous evening .6. Nowadays, many places have been developed into tourist attractions.7. We should take measures to meet the increasing requirements of the people.8. The burning coals started to
28、flame yellow and orange.9. Bank of China has branches_ all over the country.10. He is always watching CCTV news broadcast on current affairs.11.There are 12 competitors (选手) in the two-hundred-metre dash.12.The main _ stadium _ (体育馆) for 2008 Olympic Games will be completed by 2006.13.Nowadays, many places have been developed into tourist attractions.14. We shouldnt look down on those who do physical labour.15. The prisoners attempted to escape but failed.11
