1、人教版八年级上册英语语法大全1. 否定句型 1) 一般否定句 I dont know this. No news is good news. There is no person (smoke)/not a person/not any person (smoke) in the house. 2)特指否定 He went to his office, not to see him. I am sorry for not coming on time. I dont think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right. 3)部分否定 All the
2、 answers are not right/All is not gold that glitters I dont know all of them./I cant see everybody/everything. Both of them are not right. 4)全体否定 None of my friends smoke./I can see nothing/nobody. Neither of them is right./Nothing can be so simple as this. 5) 延续否定 You didnt see him, neither/nor did
3、 I. You dont know, I dont know either. He doesnt know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of (更不用说) French. 6) 半否定句 We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing. I know little English. I saw few people. 7) 双重否定 You cant make something out of nothing./Whats done cannot be und
4、one. There is no sweet without sweat./No gain without pains. I cant help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it. No man is so old but (that) he can learn. 8)排除否定 Everyone is ready except you./He did nothing but play. But for your help, I couldnt do it. 9)加强否定 I wont do it at all./I cant see it any more.
5、/He is no longer a boy. 2. 判断句型 1) 一般判断句 It is important for us to learn English. It is kind of you to help me sincere means honest. The boy is called/named Tom. We regarded/consider it as an honor. 2)强调判断 It is English that we should learn./It is he who helped me a lot. 3)弱式判断 Your sentence doesnt
6、sound/look/appear/feel right. You look/seem as if/as thought you had been there before. Maybe/Perhaps/ she is ill. He is probably ill./He is likely ill. /It is possible that he is late 4) 注释判断 He can remember so many English words, that is (to say) he is a living dictionary.(活字典) 5) 正反判断 That sounds
7、 all right, but in fact it is not. 6) 比较判断 It is more a picture than a poem. 7) 互斥判断 He or you are wrong. Either he is right or I am. 3. 祝愿祁使句式 1) 一般句式 Study hard and keep fit. Be brave! Dont be shy! Get out of here. 2)强语式 Do tell me. Never tell a lie. 3) 委婉祈使句 Please tell me the true. Would/Will/Wo
8、nt do me a favor? Would/Do you mind my smoking? What/How/ about going on foot? 4)建议祈使句 Let us go. Let us know the time. Dont let the fire out. Lets not waste the time. Youd better start early. Shall we listen to some music? Why dont you get something to drink? Suppose/supposing you pick me up at abo
9、ut six? I suggest we (should) take the train. 5)祝愿句 Success to you! /Wish you a good journey. May you have a happy marriage. /Heres to your success! Allow me to propose a toast to our friendship! 4. 感叹句型 How well he speaks! /How kind she is! /What a nice weather it is! Here he comes! /Such is life!
10、/Wonderful! / Help! 5. 疑问句型 1) 一般疑问句 Is he a doctor?/Do you the way to the station? 2)反意疑问句 He is a teacher, isnt he?/It is quite cheap, dont you think? 3) 特殊疑问句 What is the distance/width/size/population/temperature/fare? Who is he? What is he?(干什么的 )/What is he like? / How is he? How do you like h
11、im? /What do you think of him? What ever do you mean by saying this? 4)选择疑问句 He is a doctor or a nurse? 5)间接疑问句 Do you know how old he is? /Tell me if (whether) you like it. What do you think/say/suppose I should do? 6. 数词句型 1) 表数目 It is exactly ten oclock./It is five miles away from here. He is mor
12、e than/over/ at least not less than 20. He is under/at most/no more than 20. 2)表年月日 He was born on April 22 1994/in 1994 on the morning of Oct.1. 3)表年龄 He is 20 years old/years of age./He is at the age of 10. 4)表倍数 It is four times that of last years. This is four times as big (again) as that one. T
13、his is four times bigger than that one. The income is double what it was. The output of coal was 200% greater than in 1998. 5)表计量 It is 10 meters long/wide/high./It costs me 100 yuan. I spent 10 hours to finish it./It took me 10 days to finish it. It is worth 100 yuan. 7. 关联指代句型 1)两项关连 I have two bo
14、oks, one is Chinese; the other English. I have five books, one is Chinese; the others English. To say is one thing, but/and/ to do is another. One the one hand, I am your teacher, and on the other hand, I am also you friend. Some like to play football, others are fond of basketball. 2)先后顺序 First/fir
15、stly, I wish good health, second/secondly success in your study, third/thirdly good luck in everything. First stop, then look, finally cross. At first/in the beginning/ he word hard. Later/Afterwards he is not so diligent. 3)修饰限制 This is the same book as I lost yesterday. This is the same book that
16、I lost yesterday.(同一本书) Dont trust such a man as over praise you. He/One/Those/They who should come failed to appear. A man/A person/The one/Anyone/People who saw her liked her very much. The day/time/moment will come when China is strongest in the world. 4) 两项连接 He can speak not only English but al
17、so French. The book is both interesting and instructive. It is neither cold nor hot. Please either come in or go out. The old worker has experience and knowledge as well. 5)加和关系 Besides literature, we have grammar and writing. Apart from oxygen, there are some other gases in the air. In addition to
18、“if“, there is many other conjunctions that can introduce conditional clauses. I must go now, incidentally, if you want that book. You seem to like tea, so do I. 8. 比较句型 1)等比句 He is as tall as I. / He is the same height as I. She is no less diligent than he. The lab is no better than a cottage. 2) 差
19、比句 I speak English worse than he does./He is not so/as tall as I am. Our knowledge is much inferior to their. 3) 极比句 He is the tallest of all in the class. None/No one/ is so blind as those that wont see. Nothing is so easy as this. 4)比例句 The more a man knows, the more he feels his ignorance(无知). 5)
20、 择比句 He is taller than any other boy in the class It is better late than never./They would die than live as slaves He prefers doing to talking/He prefers to do rather than to talk. He prefers mathematics to English./Id rather stay here. 6)对比句 You think me idle, but on the contrary, I am busy. They a
21、re working hard while you are wasting your time. 9. 比喻句型 We must work like him./He behaves as his father does. He speaks English as if/though he was a foreigner. 10. 条件假设句 1) 一般事实 If we succeed, what will the people say? Suppose it rains, what shall we do? Persevere(坚持) and youll succeed. 2)虚拟条件句 If
22、 I were you, I would go./If you had seen it, you would have been moved. 3)反条件句 Unless you try, youll never succeed./Dont move, or/else/otherwise Ill shot. 4)唯一条件句 If only I have another chance, I shall do better. Only in this way can we learn English well. So/As long as we dont lose heart, well succ
23、eed. 5)推论条件句 Since that is so, there is no more to say. Now that you are grown up, you must stop this behavior. 11. 时间句型 1)一般时 When I see him, Ill tell him. 2) 表同时 Youll grow wiser as you grow older. Work while you work, play while you play. He worked, at the same/in the meantime he listened to the
24、music. 3)限制时 Every/each time when I went to his house, he was out. By the time that we got there, he was out. 4)交替时 Sometimes he sings, sometimes he dances. At one time the baby cries, at another it talks. 5)先时 I stopped hem before he began to talk with me. 6)后时 Ill tell you after I finish it. 7)紧接时
25、 As soon as I see him, Ill tell him. Once you begin, you must continue. The (very) moment/instant (that) I saw him, I recognized him. On hearing the news, she bust into tears. Hardly had I seen the light, when I heard a loud thundering. 8)延续时 I havent seen him since I came here. A friend is never kn
26、ow till/until a man have need. 12. 地点句型 1) 一般地点 Where have you been? Where there is a will, there is a way. 2)方位 Hebei lies in the east of China. Japan is lies to the east of China. The house faces (to) the south. He is sitting at the front of the classroom He is standing in front of/before me. He i
27、s sitting at the back of/behind me. He is sitting in the back of/at the rear of the classroom. He is sitting next to/besides me. He is sitting close to/near me. At the top of/On top of the shelf, there are some books. He is sitting on the left/right. The mountain you see to the right is the Purple M
28、ountain. 13. 原因句型 He didnt go to school because he was ill. Since we are all here, lets begin our meeting. It might rain yesterday, for the ground was wet. Now (that) we have finished the work, we can go home. I am glad to meet you. I am sorry that I hear that. Thank you for your help. That is why h
29、e failed to come. He didnt come because of/on account of the weather. He went out of curiosity. I succeeded thanks to his help. This failure is due to the fact they lack experience. Owing to our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled. What are studying English for? For what reason did you choose this
30、? Whats the point of asking his to do that? How come you never told me about it? What with the wind and what with the rain, our walk was spoiled. 14. 目的句型 He stopped aside so that she could go in. He sits in the front in order that he can see words clearly. He gets up early so as to/in order to have
31、 time to do exercises. He repeated it for fear that there should be any mistake. 15. 结果句型 It was very cold, so that the river froze. They cost a lot of money, so/therefore we use them carefully. He is such a good man that every one likes him. He ran so fast that no one could catch him. He hurried to
32、 the house only to find that it was empty. I was caught in the rain. As a result, I had a bad cold. 16. 程度句型 How often do you write to your parents? How long do you stay at home? It is so beautiful that we all love it. It is too big for you. He is too excited to speak. He is not old enough to know t
33、his. The letter must be sent as soon as possible You must work as hard as you can. As far as I know, I can speak only English. 17. 让步句型 Though/Although he is rich, (yet/still) he doesnt show off. Yang as he is, he know a lot of things. Even if/though he succeeded, he was not proud. No matter what yo
34、u say, Ill still try to do it. Keep calm, whatever happens. In spite of this, we must go ahead with our plans. Regardless of all the difficulties, well fight it out to the end. 18. 转折句型 I searched everywhere but could not find him. You may go, only return quickly. He is seriously ill, still there is
35、 hope of his recovery. It looked like rain, however it was clear in the afternoon. He is still young, yet he is high up in the position. He didnt tell me the truth, I know it, though. 19. 省略句 I think/say/suppose/expect/believe/hope so. Why not come earlier next time?反义疑问句（The Disjunctive Question）又叫
36、附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。 1 陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式 2 陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式 They work hare, dont they? She was ill yesterday, wasnt she? You didnt go, did you? He cant ride a bike, can he? 请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法： 1 当陈述部分的主语是 I , everyone, everything, nobody 时，后面的疑问句
37、应表示为： I am a student, arent I Everyone is in the classroom, arent they? Everything begins to grow in spring, doesnt it? Nobody will go, will they? 2. 当陈述部分有 never，seldom, hardly，few，little，barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定词时，后面的疑问句则表示为： There are few apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim,
38、can he? They seldom come late, do they? 3. 当陈述部分是 I think 加从句时，疑问句应和从句的人称时态保持一致。 I think chickens can swim, cant they? I think Lucy is a good girl, isnt she? I didnt think he was happy, was he? 4. 陈述部分有 had better 时，疑问句应用 hadnt 开头： youd better get up early, hadnt you? 5. 当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达： Lets
39、 go out for a walk, shall we? Let us go our for a walk, will you? Turn on the radio, will you? 6. 反义疑问句的回答用 yes， no， 但是，当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。如：They dont work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作，是吗？ Yes, they do. 不， 他们工作努力。/No, they dont. 对， 他们工作不努力。 一、反意疑问句的一般情况 1当陈述部分的主语是：等 everyone, everybody, someone, no one,
40、nobody, somebody 合成代词时，附加疑问句的主语非正式文体中往往 they 用。 （也可以按语法一致原则用单数。 ） 2当陈述部分以 one 不定代词做主语时，附加问句的主语在正式常场用 one，非正式场合用 he。 3当陈述部分的主语是不定式、动名词、从句、this 或 that，附加疑问句的主语用 it。 （是those, these 则用 they） 4当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词 everything, anything, nothing 等，附加问句的主语用 it。 5陈述部分带有否定词或半否定词，例如：never, hardly, scarcely, seldo
41、m, no, none, no one, rarely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, few, little 等，附加疑问句的动词要用肯定形式。 6如果陈述部分中的否定词仅带有否定的前缀或后缀，那么该陈述句应作肯定句处理，附加疑问句应用否定形式。 二、常见句型的反意疑问句 7当陈述部分是 there be 存在句型时，附加疑问句的主语也用 there。 8感叹句的附加疑问句，其谓语要求用否定句。 9祈使句后面的附加疑问句问题 A) 祈使句是否定形式，附加疑问句只能用 will you。 B) 祈使句是肯定形式，附加疑问句用肯定、否定均可。 C) Let 开头的祈使句要注
42、意： 1.Lets 在意义上包含谈话的对方在内，表示提出建议或征求对方意见，其反意疑问句往往用 shall we。 2. Let us 在意义上一般不包含谈话的对方在内，表示请求对方允许做某事的含义，let 有allow 的意思。附加疑问部分用 will you。 3. Let me 开头表示请求，附加疑问句用 will you，或用 may I。 三、复合句的反意疑问句 10当陈述部分是一个（带 that 引导宾语从句的）主从复合句时，附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系。但是，当陈述部分的主语是：I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine, I
43、expect 等结构时，附加疑问句的主语和谓语要和从句的主语，谓语保持一致关系。而且要注意到否定的转移问题。 11当陈述部分是 Im sure that,；we are sure；Im afraid that；We are sure that；I feel sure that 等后面跟宾语从句时，反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一致。 12当陈述部分是并列句时，附加疑问句的主谓语要和离它最近的句子的主谓保持对应关系。 四、关于情态动词的反意疑问句 13陈述部分中有 have 一词，且表示“所有”含义时，附加疑问句部分既可用 have 也可用do。 14陈述部分中有 have to，附加疑问句部分用
44、do。 15含有 ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用 shouldnt / oughtnt +主语。 He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he? 16陈述部分有 used to，附加疑问句部分可用 used 也可以用 did 。 17陈述部分有 neednt 时，附加疑问句部分用 need 但有时也可用 must。 18 陈述部分有 must，且表示 “必须”时，附加疑问句部分用 mustnt，如果表示“必要” 则用 neednt。 19陈述部分中是 mustnt 表示“禁止”时，附加疑问句部分用 m
45、ust。 陈述部分中的 must 表示“ 一定”、 “想必”等推测意义时，附加疑问句部分而是根据陈述部分的谓语动词或其助动词来定。 20陈述部分是 I wish， 表示询问或征求意见，附加疑问部分用 may I。 21弄清陈述句中的d rather = would rather；d better = had better 附加疑问句部分前者用would，后者用 had。 其它特殊结构的反意疑问句 22陈述部分的主语是 each of.结构时，附加疑问句在强调整体时用 they，当作个别时用he。 23陈述部分有 neither.nor.(either.or.)做并列主语，附加疑问部分根据其实际
46、逻辑意义而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 24陈述部分是：Im 结构，附加疑问句一般用 arent I? 25. 陈述部分有 had better + v. 疑问句部分用 hadnt you? Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you? 26. 陈述部分有 would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he? 27. 陈述部分有 Youd like to +
47、v. 疑问部分用 wouldnt +主语。 Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you? 28. 带情态动词 dare 或 need 的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。 We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you? 当 dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词 do + 主语。 She doesnt dare to go home alone, does sh人教版的总结初中英语词组总结 1. (see 、hear 、notice 、find
48、 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2.（比较级 and 比较级） 表示越来越怎么样 3 .a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 .all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界 7 .along with 同 一道，伴随 eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去 the student
49、s planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 .As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10. ask for 求助 向要 （直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book 11 .ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 .ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 .at the age of 在岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 .at the beginning of 的起初；的开始 15. at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 .at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be
