1、高考英语作文应对的应对策略,公培强 易百英语辅导部,图表作文,1.仔细审题，看懂图表的意思，整理要点，决定语言形式； 2.开头直截了当，尽快入题，不要拐弯抹角，拖泥带水； 3.行文一般以10个句子为宜。若用少于8句话来表达，句子容易表达不清；若用多于10句话来描述，则句子零乱与琐碎，文章缺乏整体感； 4.用最有把握的词语句型将规定内容加以表达，并根据图表大意议论； 5.应按照合理顺序，适当使用一些过渡性的连接词，将句子连珠成串； 6.结尾要干净利落，既不能拉杂，也不能草率，要显得自然，恰当得体。,提示议论文,文章开头，能依据提示确立主题句(topic)阐明观点或看法；使用连接词分层次说明理由、
2、缘由(supporting sentences)；归纳总结，首尾呼应。做到论点正确无误；论据可靠充分。论据可以是人们公认的真理，也可以是经过实践考证的经典著作；论证合理严密。常用论证法有归纳法、推理法、对比法。,记叙文,一般说来有时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果六要素，写作时要明白清楚地给予表达。记人时，要注意介绍人物的身世、经历和事迹等。叙事时要描写事情发生与发展的过程。,应用文,主要以写信为主。英文书信由6个部分组成。它们是信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语、签字。格式一定要正确。信的正文和写文章一样，要分段写，每一段有一个中心思想。,打造高分英语作文的策略,Step1：确定文体,常用文
3、体有记叙文、说明文，还有应用文如书信等。近几年的高考书面表达多以应用文为主，提供的形式多以图画、提纲、表格出现，书写的格式大都是书信、通知。所以，考生还应该掌握信的称呼、开头、正文、结尾、签名等方面，另外，口头通知和书面通知的不同要清楚。总之，考生应根据写作提示分析材料，确定文体，闯过第一关。,Step2：确定时态和人称,考生要根据选好的文体和写作内容确定时态。一般来说，记人叙事多用一般过去时；发布通知多用一般将来时和祈使句式；发表议论大多用带有情态动词的一般现在时；人物介绍、现状说明常用一般现在时和现在完成时。定准时态后接下来一定要知道各时态的构成及用法要点，但要记住，写作时时态并不惟一，要
4、依据表达内容而选定。,Step3：确定所需主要词汇和所用表达结构,在以上“两确定”的基础上，应该根据文章体裁和内容逐个地确定写作要点。对于图画和图表可在草稿纸上用中文列出。理清要点，然后选词造句，对列出的要点逐一翻译。这时要注意力求语言准确得当。平时写作要多进行发散思维，如是用very sorry还是terribly sorry；是surprised还是astonished。同时考生应学会尽可能使用较高级的语法结构和词汇，如非谓语动词、复合句等。最大限度地完美文章。,Step4：整理成篇 行文连贯,接下来要根据内容分清文章的层次，确定详略，将写好的单句要重新排列组合起来，使之前后连贯成一篇完整
5、的文章。同时选用恰当的关联词使文章过渡自然，行文流畅。另外，根据内容编排，该分段时要分段，使表达清楚，一目了然。行云流水，整齐划一，闯过写作第四关。,另外,有一点大家要非常注意,高考是党和国家选拔接班人和祖国的建设人才的重要考试,因此她也要求参加考试的同学的思想觉悟要高,大家的未来决定我们国家的命运,故我们党不可能培养反革命和国家建设的破坏者.因此,大家在考试的时候心中一定要有这样一个念头“我的觉悟高，符合共产党的要求”，同时要让评卷的老师让你的觉悟所感动，这也是高分的保证。,如何写出英语作文得分的“亮点”,以前,英语作文评分的依据是根据要点和语言准确度而定。但是从2001年起实行的高考评分标
6、准强调了内容要点,语言的多样性、连贯性和得体性, 鼓励学生尝试语言表达的多样化和复杂化。因此要写成一篇较有水准的英语作文,除了要点和语言准确度以外,还必须在语用、语法结构以及表达的多样性和灵活性上有所表现。句子单一、缺乏生气的文章,哪怕没有任何错误也不可能得高分,相反,“有些许错误,但是为了使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致”,给分档次仍在最高档(2125分)。,那么,英语作文如何才能得高分呢?以下几种手段是增加句子复杂性的常见方法,也是得高分的“亮点”：,改变句子的开头方式,不是一味地都是主语开头,接着是谓语、宾语,最后再加一个状语。可以把状语置于句首,或用分词作状语等。 试比较:.(原文) M
7、y brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle the other day.(修正) The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.(原文) The young man couldnt help crying when he heard the bad news.(修正) Hearing the bad news, the young man couldnt help crying.,2. 在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句式,要灵活运用诸如强调句、主从复合句、分词短语、倒装句
8、、省略句等。(1)强调句(原文) The dog has saved my little sister bravely.(修正) It is the dog that has saved my little sister bravely.(2)主从复合句(原文) We had to stand there to catch the offender.(修正) What we had to do was to stand there, trying to catch the offender.(3)分词短语、由with或without引导的短语(原文) The driver escaped an
9、d didnt stop, he left the old man lying on the road.(修正) The driver escaped without stopping, leaving the old man lying on the road.,(4)倒装句(原文) I went to bed at 11:30.(修正) Not until 11:30 did I go to bed. (5)省略句(原文) While you are crossing the street, you should be careful.(修正) While crossing the str
10、eet, you should be careful.,3. 通过分句和合句,增强句子的连贯性和表现力。 (原文) He stopped us an hour ago. He made us catch the next offender. (修正) He stopped us half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender. (原文) We had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. (修正) After a short rest, we h
11、ad great fun singing and dancing.,4. 注意连接词与句子的运用。以2001年高考作文为例,在信的开头,可加上“You want to know something about what is going on in schools in China?”这句话起承上启下的作用,使文章过渡自然;再如,用“What was worse?”引出减负前,晚上还要做作业,就寝时间11:30等要点。又如,“Now I have more free time.” 可引出减负后的情况。另外,在信的结尾,可用“How about you? Im looking forward t
12、o hearing from you.”来自然地结束这封信。,5. 使用过渡词语写好了每个句子,并不一定就是一篇好文章,因为作为一篇文章,还必须行文连贯。那么,如何使文章行文连贯呢?这就要求我们在组成篇章时,要用好过渡性词语,过渡性词语就像是我们组装机械时使用的润滑剂一样,起着润滑的作用。常用的过渡词语主要有: 并列递进:and, also, as well as, besides, whats more, moreover, furthermore, etc. 转折:but, yet, however, although, nevertheless, in spite of, after a
13、ll, etc. 因果:because, as, for, since, for this reason, because of, so, therefore, thus, as a result, etc. 对比:or, otherwise, like, unlike, on the contrary, while, on the other hand, instead of, etc. 总结:in all, in brief, on the whole, in short, in general, in one word, etc.总之,要使文章的层次高,可读性强,考生应增加些较高级的词汇
14、与复杂的结构,并运用恰当的连接词和复合句,只有这样,才能在考试中取得理想的成绩。,英语作文书面表达常用句型及短语,学校生活及学习成绩,be getting on well with ones study take several courses at school put ones heart into be interested in be fond of be good at ; be poor at ; do well in ; be weak in make progress in ; fail in be tired of pass the examination; give sb.
15、 a passing grade; succeed inbe active in class (work); take an active part in ; learn by heart; work out a (maths) problem; improve oneself in ; have a good command of lay a solid foundation for my further study,师生关系,get on well with sb be gentle with us; be kind to sb; be strict with ones pupils; b
16、e strict in work We think of him (her) as ; help sb with sth; praise sb for sth ;blame sb for sth be satisfied with correct the students homework carefully and prepare for the next day try to teach sb good study habits; make ones lessons lively and interesting; teach sb. sth.; teach sb to do sth. de
17、vote all ones time to work; admire (sb.for) his devotion to the cause of education 佩服他对于教育事业的献身精神。,课余活动及周末生活,spend ones time in many different ways enjoy doing things by oneselfsee the sights of Beijing have dances on weekends have a picnic over the weekend go to the cinema; have a party; hold a spo
18、rts meeting; do some reading; help sb do sth; enjoy a family trip; get everything ready for; ride ones bike with sb.to(the park); There are a lot of activities at (the beach). We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city. She would like to bring sth. to the picnic. It was a very relaxing Sunday.
19、 There are good programmes on TV on weekends.,彼此沟通信息,take a message for sb; send a message to sb; hear from sb; talk about/of sth; tell sb to do sth; express ones idea (feelings) in English; Write sb a letter saying; apologize to sb for ; thank you for make a speech t at the meeting; explain sth to
20、sb; look upon sb as ; think sb to be ; take sbs side,事件中人的态度,would like to do; allow sb to do; keep sb from doing prevent sb. from doing stop sb from doing call on sb to do; be afraid to do (be afraid of )； fee like doing; insist on doing; drive sb. off; speak highly of sb; speak ill of sb; force sb
21、 to do; offer to do; refuse to do; agree to do; regret doing; prefer to do A rather than do B; had better do; would rather (not) do,事情过程,have the habit of doing have no trouble doing; make up ones mind to do; prepare sb for ; give up doing; do sth as usual; do what he wants us to do; set about doing
22、; try ones best to do=go all out to do; get into trouble; help sb out; do ones bit for New China; wait for sb to do; find a way to do; make friends with sb; show (tell) sb. how to do; take (send) sb to ; Im trying to find; Im afraid we are out of ; pass the time doing; feel a little excited about do
23、ing; cant help doing; do some good deeds to people; be prepared for more hard work; Some are doing A, others are doing B, and still others are doing C.,感观活动与思维活动,look around for ; look up (down) at ; catch sight of ; take a look at ; hear sb do (doing); take notice of ; take view of ; have a good un
24、derstanding of ; consider sb (sth) to be ; come to know; realize that ; know that +从句,情感与欲望,be pleased with ; be delighted in doing; take a pleasure in doing; be worried about; feel surprised at be sorry for ; be angry with sb for sth; be angry about (为某事生气)； look forward to doing; wish to do; expec
25、t to do; long for (long to do); be sick for ones home; have a strong desire to do ;,健康状况及治疗,be in good shape; be in good (poor )health; feel weak (well, terrible, sick); have got a high (slight ) fever; have a slight (bad) cold; take ones temperature; have got a pain in ; be good (bad) for ones heal
26、th(eyes); Its nothing serious. stay in bed until; save ones life,其它,It (take)sb. some time to do; It is said that ; be fit for; be short of; be well dressed; miss the lecture (train); changeinto; waste time doing; spend time doing; be busy doing; have no choice but to do; I cant help it. be in need
27、of; be mistaken about ; fall behind; catch up with; on behalf of; instead of; be welcome to do; Running, biking and swimming are popular in summer. Skiing and skating are my favorite winter sports,信件开头常用语,Your letter came to me this morning. I have received your letter of July the 20th. Im writing t
28、o you about the lecture to be given next Monday. Im writing to ask if you can come next week. How time flies! Its three months since I saw you last. Thank you for your letter. In reply to your letter about (the exhibition this year); Let me tell you that,信件结尾常用语,Please remember me to your whole fami
29、ly. Give my best regards (wishes) to your mother. Best wishes. With love. Wish you a pleasant journey. Wish you success. Wish you the best of health. (luck) Looking forward to your next visit to China. Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you. Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible.,阅路
30、和应答,Go down this street Turn right/left at the first crossing Its aboutmetres from here You cant miss it In front of behind at/a the corner(不用in) Pass two blocks,高考英语图表 作文模版,As is illustrated/shown by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), _作文题目的议题_ has been on rise/ decrease,d
31、ramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from_ in _ to _ in _. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that _. There are at least two good reasons accounting for _. On the one hand, _. On the other hand, _ is due to the fact that _.In addition, _ is responsible for _.M
32、aybe there are some other reasons to show _.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing. As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _. I am sure that my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.,议论文模板,不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）,There is a widespread concern
33、over the issue that 作文题目的议题_. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that 观点一. In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, 原因一.Furthermore, in the second place, _原
34、因二_. So it goes without saying that _观点一_. People,however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that _观点二_. In their point of view, on the one hand， _原因一_. On the other hand, _原因二_. Therefore, there is no doubt that _观点二_. As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the
35、view that _观点一或二_.It is not only because _, but also because _. The more _, the more _.,（2）利弊型的议论文,Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)_作文题目的议题_. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in _题目议题_. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several posit
36、ive aspects as follows. Firstly, _优点一_. And secondly _优点二_. Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, _讨论议题_ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, _缺点一_. In addition, _缺点二_. To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of _讨论议题_ into
37、 full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the _讨论议题_.,( 3 ) 答题性议论文,Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)_作文题目_ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must sp
38、are no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem. As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, _途径一_. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is _途径二_. Above all, to solve the problem of _作文题目_, we should find a
39、 number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, _方法_.,( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文,It is well know to us that the proverb: “ _谚语_” has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means _谚语的含义_. The saying c
40、an be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. A case in point is _例子一_. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb _谚语_. With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that
41、 it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: _谚语_. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job,应用文(申请信)模板,Dear ., I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in . And I woul
42、d like to write a letter to tell you that./ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising. / I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, On the other hand, I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference. I shall
43、 be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience. Best regards for your health and success. Sincerely yours, X X X,高考英语作文开头 万能公式,
44、开头万能公式一：名人名言,有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！ 原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？ 经典句型： A proberb says, “ you are only young once.” （适用于已记住的名言） It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. （适用于自编名言） 更多经典句型：as everyone knows, no one can deny that,开头万能公式二
45、：数字统计,原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。 原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型： According to a recent survey, about 78.9 of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation. 看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造： honesty 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78都是
46、假的。 travel by bike 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 youth 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70都是在休闲娱乐。 fiveday work week better than sixday work? 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98的人同意每周五天工作日。 更多句型： Arecent statistics shows that ,高考英语文章主体段落三大杀手锏,一、举实例,思维短路，举实例！提出一个观点，举实例！提出一个方案，举实例！而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文
47、章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子！ 例如：In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. for instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table
48、and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. 更多句型：to take as an example, one example is, another example is, for example,二、做比较 方法,写完一个要点，比较与之相似的；又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的； 世界上没有同样的指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点（through comparison）和不同点（through contrast）。 相似的比较：in comparison, likewis
49、e, similarly, in the same manner 相反的比较： on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with , ,三、换言之,没话说了,可以换一句话再说，让你的文章在多一些字，或者文邹邹地说，是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 实际就是重复重复再重复！下面的句子实际上就三个字: I love you! I am enthusiastic about you. that is to say, Ilove
50、 you. I am wild about you. in other words, I have fallen in love with you. 或者上面我们举过的例子： I cannot bear it. 可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it. 因此可以这样说：I cannot bear it. that is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it. 更多短语： in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply,
