1、1扬帆教育 英语 学科导学案（第 1 次课）教师: 刘芳芳 学生: 陈 龙 年级: 七年级 日期: 星期: 时段: 课 题 英语语法练习学情分析 期中考试结束，分析学生基础知识不牢固，专项训练教学目标与考点分析1.初一所有语法时态总结2 找出易错，糊知识点，补缺补漏！教学重点 重点提高动词适当形式填空题正确率教学方法 讲授法、 任务教学法学习内容与过程1、一般现在时态 定 义：此时态 用来描述 经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态；也指客观真理、或事实。 标志词：1.表频度的副词：always （总是、一直）often （经常）usually （通常）sometimes （有时、偶尔）seldom
2、 （几乎不）never （从不、绝不） 注意：这些词在句中的位置：实义动词之前，be 动词、情态动词、助动词之后。 every + 时间名词 ：“ 每. ” 如：every day ，every week，every two days、 构 成： 1、句中 含有 be 动词 用 “am、is、are”形式、 如：你的新车真漂亮。 your new car is very nice . 2、句子如果使用 实义动词 ， “原形 或 单三” 两种形式。 注意：主语为单三，动词用单三;其余情况 动用 动词原形。 如：我们爱中国。we love China . 他喜欢中国。he loves China
3、. 3、如果句中含有 情态动词 ，一律用：“ 主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形 ” We / he / the girl / You can go home now . 注意：使用 情态动词 时 ，适用各种主语，情态动词 后 一律加动词原形。 He must be a teacher . I must go to school now . 动词单三如何变化： （1）一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-s. ask-asks work-works get-gets stay-stays （2）以字母 s, x, ch, sh 或 o 结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es. watch-watches wis
4、h-wishes fix-fixes do-does go-goes pass-passes （3）以“辅音字母加 - y”结尾的动词，要先变 y 为 i 再加-es. try-tries study-studies cry-cries fly-flies （4）不规则变化：be- is are have-has 2现在进行时态： 定 义：此时态 描述此时此刻正在发生或进行的动作或状态。 标志词：now （现在）at the moment （此刻、此时） 构 成： 主语 + am / is / are + V-ing (有可能加宾语) 如：He is watching Tv now . We
5、are having an English class at the moment . Tom and I are playing games . 动词如何变 V-ing 形式： 1. 动词以不发音的字母 e 结尾，一般去掉 e，再加 -ing，例如： writewriting；leaveleaving；save saving ；pollute polluting 当然我们需要注意两小点：1）die、lie、tie 的-ing 形式分别是 dying、lying、tying。 2）be、agree 等动词的 -ing 形式直接加上-ing，因为这里的 e、ee 都发音。 2. 以重读闭音节结尾
6、的动词末尾只有一个辅音字母（x 例外） ，要重写该辅音字母，再加-ing。 例：run running；beginbeginning；swimswimming；stop stopping。 注意：fix fixing 2、一般将来时态： 定 义：表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。 一般将来时由助动词 shall 或 will 加动词原形构成，shall 用于第一人称，will 用于第二、三人称。但是现在第一人称一般也用 will，其区别并不明显。 （或“be going to + 动词原形）常与 tomorrow, next , in （the） fu
7、ture，soon, in five days，in two weeks 等连用。 标志词：tomorrow, next , in （the ） future，soon, in five days，in two weeks 等连用。 构 成：1、主语 + shall + 动词原形 （ shall ：主语是第一人称，即：I 或 We） 如：I shall watch Tv . We shall go to park tomorrow . 2、主语 + will + 动词原形 （ will : 适用于 各种主语 ） 如：I / you / we / the boy will help you .
8、3、主语 + am / is / are + going to + 动词原形 （根据主语选择不同的 be 动词形式） 如：Iam going to help you . The girl is going to do homework . There be 句型： 定 义：此句型表示“某 处 有 某 物”。 构 成：there is are 物 介词短语/ 地点副词。 如：there is a book and two pens in my bag . there are many people in the classroom . 注意：1、be 动词的形式 ： 由物的单复数形式决定；当物有
9、两个以上时 ，由第一个物的单复数形式决定。 2、提问 there + be 句型中 的数词时，用 “how many + 可数名词复数形式” 或 “how much + 不可数名词”。 如：there are _some_trees on the hill. how many trees are there on the hill ? there is _some_ water in the cup . how much water is there in the cup ? 3、一般疑问句 将 be ( is / are ) 提前；否定句 在 be 动词后放 “not”即可。 There a
10、rent any books in my bag . Is there an apple on the table ? 4、有可能出现“ 有某人在 做某事” 这一句型，即 “There besb.doing sth.地点/时间状语”。 如： There are many boys playing football on the playground . 5、一般将来时态的 there be 句型构成：在.将会有.的意思。 there will be 物 + 介词短语 。 3there is are going to be 物 + 介词短语 。 3、一般过去时态的 there be 句型， 构成
11、：“过去在 .有.” 的意思。 there was were 物 + 介词短语 。 was ：物是单数时、 were：物为复数时、 1.英语中的人称： 和汉语一样，英语中有三个人称. 第一人称：I 我 We 我们 第二人称： you 你，你们 第三人称： he 他 she 她 it 它 they 他/她/它们 ,以及名词 。 第三人称单数形式：除了都为第三人称，当个体为“一” 时，就为单三。 2.和语法最为紧密的动词： be 动词 ：am is are was were .情态动词 :can may must could should would might 助动词: do does did
12、3、一 般 疑 问 句 和 特 殊 疑 问 句 一般疑问句： 1.定 义：以 be 动词、情态动词、助动词提问的问句，叫一般疑问句。(相当于汉语中的吗？) 注：be 动 词： am. is.are. was. were 情态动词：can 能，可以 may 可以 must 必须，一定 could 可以，能 should 应该 would 将要，想 might 可能，也许 助 动 词：do,does,did 2.具体变法： （1） 、如果原句含有 be 动词，情态动词时，将他们提前大写，句尾放问号。 例：He is from China .- Is he from China ? You can
13、speak English in class .-Can you speak English in class ? (2)、如果原句不含有 be 动词，情态动词，则选择助动词 do/does/did, 将他们放于句首，保证原句动词为原形。 注：does:原句的主语为单三时，且将原句的动词变为原形。 do :其余人称。 did :适用于一般过去时的所有人称,将原句的动词变为原形。 例：He often goes home late.- Does he go home late ? (动词变原形) They often go home late.- Do they go home late ? T
14、hey went home late yesterday.- Did they go home late yesterday ? 注意：1、变一般疑问句时，如果原句是第一人称要变第二人称 I/We- you ，be 动词有可能发生变化 （ am - are ）( was - were ) 例：I am from Japan .- Are you from Japan ? We come from the U.S.A. - Do you come from the U.S.A ? 2、第一人称的物主代词要变为第二人称物主代词 my /our - your ;mine/ours -yours .
15、例：He is my friend .- Is he your friend ? This is mine .- Is this yours ? 2、特殊疑问句： 1、定 义：以特殊疑问词提问的问句，叫特殊疑问句。 2、构成形式：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？（省略句中提问的内容） 3、常见的特殊疑问词：what, why , where, whose , who , which, how ,when, whom . 复合特殊疑问词： what color / what class / what grade / waht time / what size / what shape / what da
16、y / what date / what for / what ahout .怎么样？(问意见) how far （提问距离）: how long（提问时间，长度） : how often（提问频度，次数） how soon（提问 in+一段时间）: how much（多少钱） ；how wide（多宽） ；how tall（多高） 4how many + 可数名次复数形式：多少- ？（提问数量或句中的数词） how much + 不可数名次： 多少-？（提问数量或句中的数词） how old ：多大？（指年龄） 例：He likes ( storybooks ) 1.Does he like
17、 storybooks ? 2.what does he like ? 例：She is ( my friend ). 1.Is she your friend ? 2.Who is she ? 例：He has lunch -1.Does he have lunch at home ? 2.Where does he have lunch ? 注意：1.当提问主语时，直接用 who 或 what 替换，不需要变一般疑问句，但是要将动词变为 单三形式 例： go to school every day .- Who goes to school every day ? 例： am a teac
18、her . - Who is a teacher ? 2、当提问动词短语时，用 do 代替；当提问 动词-ing 时，用 doing 代替，并且用特殊疑问词 what 提问。 例：He at home .-1.Does he do homework at home ? 2.what does he do at home ? 例：You are watching Tv now .- 1.Are you watching Tv now ? 2.What are you dong now ? 3、否定句： 定义：如果一句话含有“ 没 ”“没有”“不”“ 不是” 时，就为否定句。 变法：（1）.原句含
19、有 be 动词或情态动词，只需在它们的后面放“not” 即可。 He is my friend .- he isnt my friend . He can help you with your work - he cannt help you with your work . (2).原句含有实意动词时，要用相应的助动词加“not”，放于原句谓语动词之前，且谓语动词保证为原形。doesnt:主语为第三人称单数； dont ：其余人称； didnt ：适用一般过去时。 Tom goes home .- Tom doesnt go home . They go home .- They dont
20、go home . 课内练习与训练初一英语语法练习题Dec. 2008I. be 动词 (用 be 动词的正确形式填空)1. _ your grandmother thin or chubby? 2. Where _ your book on snakes? 3. Where _ my pencil case and my notebook?4. There _ nine people in my family.5. -How much _ the exercise book and the magazine? -That _ ninety dollars.6. Ben _ a middle
21、school student, and his parents _ architects. 7. Scott likes action movies best. His favorite actors _ Jackie Chan and Jet Li.8. - What color _ your shoes? - Black.9. - Hello. My name _ Jack. This is my friend. His name _ Tom.- Nice to meet you. I _ Rick.510. _ you still a librarian? No, I _ an acco
22、untant now. .III. 选择正确的介词填空in after on for at with to behind of by1. My family often buy clothes _ HuaXing store _ weekends.2. Can you help the children _ English? You may come _ our club.3. Im looking _ some presents. These shops may have many kinds _ things _ sale. Save your money till then! 4. Ho
23、w many cities are there _ Greece? -I dont know. 5. Look, the birds are _ the tree! 6. When is her birthday? I cant rememberIts _ January.7. Mr. Green always goes to work _ bus. He has to get up _ 6 oclock _ the morning. 8. Come on! Im hungry. What do we have _ dinner?9. Dont eat and read _ night. Th
24、at is bad _ your health.10. Come and see _ yourself _ Wendys store!11. We live _ London. How about you? Where do you come _?12. _ Sunday morning, I usually sleep late _ home. 13. Jack is shorter than Sam, but Jack is sitting _ Sam.14. Here is a photo _ your family. 15. There arent many people _ the
25、train _ five oclock _ the morning. IV. 写出下列名词的复数形式1) Cemetery_ 2) tooth _ 3) country _ 4) month_5) sandwich_ 6) brush _ 7) candy bar_ 8) kangaroo _9)man _ 10) day _ 11) watch _ 12) photo _13) orange _14)dictionary _ 15) tomato _ 16) dollar _17) peach_ 18) strawberry _ 19)church_ 20) child _V. 用动词的正确
26、形式填空1. You _ from India. Brian _ from Korea. And I _ from China. (be)2. I _ Chinese and English. Brian _ German, Chinese and English. (speak)3. George _from Italy but he _ spaghetti very much (come, like)4. Penguins _ in Antarctica. Its cold, so no people want _ _ there. (live)5. The movie is very s
27、cary. I _ _ it is a good movie for kids. (think)6. - Can I _ your dictionary?-I am sorry. My dictionary is at home but I think Mary _ one. (have)7. We are in the music club. Tom _ _ the piano. Michael and Diana _ _ the violin. I _ _ the guitar. (play)8. The 1st class _ (start) at 8:00 oclock and it
28、_ (be) over at 8:40.9. His mother is a teacher. She _ (teach) Chinese in our school.10. I usually _ (come) to the classroom at 7:00 am. But he always _ (come) to school at 7:50 am.11. Julia always _ (go) shopping by car. But sometimes she _ (take) a bus.612. -_ (Do) your father usually help you with
29、 your homework? -Yes, he _ (do). 13. He _ (not go) home on weekends. So he always _ (wash) clothes by himself.14. Peter _ (speak) English very well. He can also _ (speak) French and German.15. David _ (not play）football. He only _ (watch) the football games on TV.16. My brother and I _ (want) to go
30、to see an action movie. _ (do) you want to go?17. My uncle _ ( not need ) a calculator. 18. -_( Do ) Peter have a baseball ?- Yes, he _ (do), and he _ two baseball bats. 19. Mum, can you _ ( take ) me to the tennis club?20. - May I help you?- Yes, I _ ( look ) for a book on gardening.VI. 句型转换练习Part
31、1： 单复数转换。1. How much is that? _2. Is your uncle behind the armchair? _3. They go to the park by bus._4. There are buses to Manchester every day._5. A kangaroo can jump 30 kilometers an hour._6. Here are some good newspapers. _7. They cant walk._8. She doesnt have an orange hat. _9. They are army off
32、icers. _10.Baby koala bears arent very big but adult polar bears are very strong._7Part 2： 将下列句子改为一般疑问句 , 并作肯定和否定两种回答。1. I have a dictionary._2. There are a lot of animals in the zoo._3. He does his homework at night._4. Dogs live in all parts of the world._5. Greenfield is a small village in Englan
33、d._Part 3： 将下列句子改为否定句。1. There is a very high waterfall in Venezuela._2. Egypt has a very long river._3. She does her homework every day._4. I come to school by bus._5. She can swim very well. _Part 4： 对划线部分提问。1. There is one radio in the living room. _2. The library is behind the police station. _3
34、. Baby koala bears are only 2 centimeters tall._4. They can jump and swim._5. You can check out three._6. Peter does his homework with Mary._7. Kangaroos live in Australia. _8. Vera and Hillary come from England._9. Hes buying bananas at the store. _10. They are secretaries._ 8Part5：综合句型练习:1. My fri
35、end Tom usually goes to see action movies on weekends. (就画线部分提问)2. Tom has a red jacket and a blue sweater. (就画线部分提问 )3. Moms keys are in the drawer. (就画线部分提问)4. The yellow hat is 10 dollars. (就画线部分提问)5. My grandfather likes documentaries. (改为否定句)6. My mother usually goes to see action movies. (改为一般疑问句,并做否定回答)7. Is it a red tomato? (改为复数句)8. That is my family photo.(改为复数句)学生对本次课的小结及评价1、本次课你学到了什么知识 2、你对老师下次上课的建议 特别满意 满意 一般 差 学生签字：教学反思教师签字： 审阅签字: 时 间: 教学主管签字: 时 间:
