高考单选解题思路.docx

1、1高考单选解题思路一、 定语从句做题思路：找到先行词；找出定语从句；判断定语从句所缺成分。关系代词（作主语、宾语或表语）：that、 which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as 关系副词（作状语）：when、 where、 why 注意：关系副词 =介词+which注意介词+which/ whom 引导的定语从句 例句：In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help.真题回顾：2014天津卷 English is a language shared by several

2、diverse cultures, _ uses it differently.A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them2013天津卷We have launched another man-made satellite, is announced in todays newspaper. A. that B. which C. who D. what二、 名词性从句主语从句：句子做主语（注意形式主语 It）It is doubtful whether the work can be completed on

3、 time.宾语从句：句子作宾语（动词+宾语；介词+宾语；形容词+宾语） （注意形式宾语）We consider it our duty that we should protect our environment.表语从句：系动词后面的句子My doubt is who has got away with the document.同位语从句：对前面名词起解释说明作用的句子。The question why so many people would choose to live in the countryside is still under discussion.做题思路：判断从句；找出

4、从句所缺成分；从属连词（不作成分）：that、whether、if（是否：一般不用于表语从句和同位语从句）连接代词（作主语、宾语、表语或定语）：who、whom、whose、what 、 which、whoever 、 whatever、 whichever 等2连接副词（作状语）：when、where 、why 、how 、whenever、wherever 等真题回顾2014天津卷 I think _ impresses me about his painting is the colors he uses.A. what B. that C. which D. who2013天津卷 I

5、want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What三、状语从句做题思路：分析主从句逻辑关系时间状从从属连词：as soon as, the moment(一.就 )，the minute, the instant, no soonerthan, hardly.when, immediately 例句：He told me the news immediately he got it.重要句型：It will be +时间段+before +

6、从句 还有多长时间It is/ has been +时间段+since+从句（谓语用过去式）主语+be doingwhen 主语+be about to do sth.when地点状从从属连词：where, wherever例句: Lets go wherever this path will take us.I found the missing things where I left them.条件状从从属连词：if, unless, if only(要是.就好了), on condition that(条件是)，as long as, providing that(假若，倘若)I wil

7、l agree to go providing that my expenses are paid.目的状从从属连词：in order that, so that, in case(that)（以防） , for fear that(唯恐), 等She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.原因状从从属连词：as, since, now that(既然)等结果状从从属连词：so.that, such.that3He is such an honest man that everyone would like to trust him.让步状

8、从从属连词：even if(though), while, as, whatever, however, no matter what/ how.However hard he works, he cant catch up with his classmates.真题回顾：2013天津卷 small, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.A. As B. If C. Although D. Once2014天津卷 _ you start eating in a healthier way, weight contro

9、l will become much easier. A. Unless B. Although C. Before D. Once四、非谓语动词做题思路：找到句子的谓语, 判断非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系。1. 三种形式：to do-to be done(被动) -to have done(完成式)（动作发生在谓语之前时用）-to have been done(完成被动)例句：He is said to have written a new book.doing-being done(被动)-having done(完成式)（动作发生在谓语之前时用）-having been done(完成被

10、动)例句：The building being repaired is our library.Having finished his homework, he went out to play.done(表被动、完成)2. 非谓语动词与其逻辑主语非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语。Given a chance, I can surprise the world.非谓语作宾补时，逻辑主语是其前面的宾语。I saw my mother _(cry), which made me _（puzzle）.非谓语动词作定语是其逻辑主语为其所修饰的名词。He will attend the mee

11、ting to be held tomorrow.真题回顾：2014天津卷 Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _ it 4didnt fit. A. to find B. found C. finding D. having found2014天津卷 Clearly and thoughtfully _， the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.A. writing B. to

12、 write C. written D. being written2013天津卷In some languages,100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations.A. using B. to use C. having used D. used五、时态和语态做题思路：判断考点；找时间状语；判断主动或被动。1. 一般现在时：主将从现（if, unless, when, as soon as, until） ；按时刻表发生的动作； 2. 一般过去时：找表过去的时间状语，如 yesterday, last night, in

13、1990 等。3. 一般将来时：will未来趋向 如：We will die some day.临时决定 例：-Have you finished it? -I will do it right now.4. 现在进行时/ 过去进行时： 现在或现阶段正在做/ 过去正在做或过去某阶段正在做5. 现在完成式：动作发生在过去，持续到现在，或许还会持续。时间状语：since+ 时间点， for+时间段，in the last/past few years, up to now, until now, so far, in recent years. 句型：It is / has been +时间段 +

14、since 从句It is the first(second) time that +现在完成时6. 过去完成时：过去的过去时间状语：by the end of, by the time, beforeThe train had left before we reached the station.By the end of last year, we had learned English for ten years. 固定句型：Hardly/ No sooner+had+主语+done +when/than +一般过去时真题回顾：2014天津卷 We wont start the work

15、 until all the preparations _5A. are being made B. will be made C. have been made D. had been made2013天津卷The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers one of the main pipes. A. had repaired B. have repaired C. repaired D. are repairing7、虚拟语气做题思路：判断主从句分别与什么相反1. If 条件句中的应用If 从句 主句

16、例句与现在相反 did/were would/should/could/ might+doIf we had enough money, we would buy a computer.与过去相反 Had done would/should/could/might+have doneIf she had come yesterday, I would have told her about it. 与将来相反 didwere to doshould dowould/should/could/ might+doIf it should rain tomorrow, we would no go

17、out.注：(1).含蓄虚拟条件句： without, but forWithout your help, I wouldnt have made great progress.(2)错综时间虚拟条件句If I had followed the doctors advice then, I would recover now. (3) If only 要是就好了 If only I had passed the exam last week!2. Wish 宾语从句中的虚拟语气与现在相反，从句谓语用 did/were 例：I wish I were you.与过去相反，从句谓语用 had do

18、ne 例：I wish he had come yesterday. 与将来相反，从句谓语用 would/ could/ might +do I wish I would be a millionaire one day.63. 宾从谓语必须用(should)+动词原形的情况一个坚持 insist二个命令 order, command三个建议 suggest, advise, propose三个要求 demand, require, request,The teacher ordered that the homework (should) be handed in on time. 4. w

19、ould rather+主语+did（与现在或将来相反）Id rather he didnt go now.Would rather+主语+had done（与过去相反）Id rather you hadnt told him the bad news.5. Its (high) time that 从句用 did 或 should do （should 不省）Its (high) time that we studied hard.6. 情态动词+have done1). could have done 本来可以做而实际未能做You could have done better, but y

20、ou didnt try your best.2). should have done 本应该做实际上没有做You should have helped him but you didnt.3). neednt have done 本来不必做实际上做了 (区别 didnt need to do)I actually neednt have brought so much food-only three people came. 4). must have done 对过去行为的推测 He must have been to Shanghai.cant have done 过去不可能做过Mr.

21、Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 真题回顾：2014天津卷 _ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.A. Did he catch B. Should he catch C. Has he caught D. Had he caught2013天津卷If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he able to sp

22、eak 7it much better now. A. will be B. would be C. has been D. would have been八、特殊句式（一）倒装做题思路：判断倒装类型；选准时态1. 全部倒装：谓语+主语 注：主语是人称代词不倒装。（1）一些副词位于句首：there, here, now, then, up, down, in, out, away 等；（2）句首为表示地点的介词短语时；By the side of the Birds Nest stands the Water Cube, completed in 2008.Out rushed the boy

23、. 2. 部分倒装： 助动词/情态动词+主语+ 动词（1）否定词位于句首：never, seldom, little, not until, in no case, on no condition, Hardly, by no means 等；例：Never have I seen such a moving film in my life.（2）so/ neither/ nor +have/do 等助动词或情态动词+主语David has made great progress recently.-So he has and so have you. (3) so/such.that 中 s

24、o/such 位于句首时：So fast did he run that we were surprised.(4) Only 修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时：Only in this way can you make progress.Only by working hard can wen succeed.(5) 在省略 If 的虚拟条件句中， were, had, should 需提到句首构成倒装。Had you come a few minutes earlier, you would have seen him.真题回顾2012天津卷Only Mary read her c

25、omposition the second time_ the spelling mistake.A. did she notice B. she noticed8C. does she notice D. she has noticed（2）强调句句型：It is/was + 被强调部分 +that/who+其他一般疑问句：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who+ 其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/was it +that/who+其他It is/was not until+that+其他It was nut until you came back that I finished the work.2013天津卷It was not until near the end of the letter she mentioned her own plan.A. that B. where C. why D. when