1、2010-2011 高三英语第一轮复习资料之连词 （编排:黄书琴）连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。连词考点详解：一、以 and 为代表的表示意义引申的并列连词1. and 与 or 引导两个并列的词、词组或句子。I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there. 我看见两个人坐在后面低声耳语。and 与 or 还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。Make up y
2、our mind, or youll miss the chance. 下定决心，不然，你就会错失良机。If you make up your mind, youll get the chance. 如果你下定决心，你就会把握住机会。One more effort, and youll succeed. 再努力一点，你就会成功。比较 and 和 or: 并列结构中，or 通常用于否定句，and 用于肯定句。但有时 and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同点：There is no air or water on the moon. 月球上既没有空气，也没有水。There is no air and
3、 no water on the moon. 月球上没有空气，没有水。在否定中并列结构用 or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用 and。即时练习 1: I dont like chicken fish.I dont like chicken, I like fish very much.A. and；and B. and；but C. or；but D. or；and2. both .and 两者都She plays （both） the piano and the guitar. 她既弹钢琴，也弹吉他。3. not only .but （also）, as wel
4、l as 不仅而且。She plays not only the piano, but （also） the guitar. 她不仅弹钢琴，也弹吉他。注意：not only .but also 连接两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词 not 而必须倒装。Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.他不仅喜欢读故事，而且自己也能写一些故事。4. neither .nor 意为“既不也不”,谓语动词采用就近原则，与 nor 之后的词保持一致。Neither you nor he is to blame.
5、应受责备的，既不是你，也不是他。 归纳小结：both and, either or, neither nor ；not only but also, as well asboth and“ 双方都” ，连接句子的两个主语时，其后谓语动词通常用使用复数形式。either or 与 neither nor 注意采取“就近原则” 。 not only but also, as well as 两者强调对象不同，not only but also 强调的是 but also 之后部分，而 as well as 则强调其前面的部分。not only but also 采取“就近原则 ”，而 as wel
6、l as 只是一个插入语，采取“就远原则” 。如：Mr.Smith, as well as his wife and children, has come to Nanjing for a visit.not only but also 结构中的 not only 可用于句首，连接两个分句时，第一个从句主谓要倒装。Not only is he clever ,but also he is hard working.二、以 or 为代表的表示选择的并列连词1. or 意思为“否则” 。I must work hard, or Ill fail in the exam. 我必须努力学习，否则会通不
7、过考试的。2. either .or 意思为“或者或者” 。注意谓语动词的主谓一致上采用就近原则。Either you or I am right. 或者你或者我是正确的。三、以 but 为代表的表示意义转折的并列连词1. but 表示转折，while 表示对比。Some people love cats, while others hate them.有些人喜欢猫，但有些人就讨厌猫。即时练习 2: Would you like to come to dinner tonight?Id like to, Im too busy.A. and B. so C. as D. but2. not .
8、but .意思为“不是而是” ，后面的用词要遵循一致原则。They were not the bones of an animal, but （the bones） of a human being. 它们不是动物的骨头，而是人类的骨头四、表示缘由的并列连词 for,还有 so（所以） ，when（这时）等1. for 是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。即时练习 3: He is absent today, _ he is ill.他今天缺席是因为生病了。A. and B. so C. as D. for2. so 为连词, therefore 一般为副
9、词。He hurt his leg, so he couldnt play in the game.他伤到腿了，所以没能参加比赛。I think; therefore I exist. 我思，故我在。3. 比较 so 和 such: such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组;so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可以与表示数量的形容词 many，few，much， little 连用，形成固定搭配。so+adj. so foolish so+adj.+a（ n） +n. so nice a flowerso+adj.+n. （ pl.） so many/few flowers so man
10、y peopleso+adj.+n.（不可数） so much/little moneysuch+a（ n） +n. such a fool/such a nice flowersuch+n.（ pl.） such nice flowers / such a lot of peoplesuch+n.（不可数） such rapid progressso many 已成为固定搭配，a lot of 虽然相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性短语，只能用such 修饰。so .that 与 such .that 之间的转换可视为 so 与 such 之间的转换。五、几个常用的从属连词。w
11、hen、while、as 都表示“当时候” ，when 引导的从句的动作与主句的动词可同时发生，也可先后发生；as、while 引导的从句则强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。如：When I go to the station, the train had already left.He sang merrily as he was working.till 、until 均表示 “到 时候止” ，肯定句中的谓语必须是延续性动作。如：I worked till late at night.若主句谓语是终止性动词，则主句要用否定形式，意为动作“到才”开始发生。如：She didnt get up u
12、ntil her mother came in.注意：till 和 until 通常情况下可以互换，只是在句首时 until 比 till 更常用。though、although 均引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然” ，although 较正式，though 最常用。如：Thouth (Although)he was tired,he kept on working.注意：though、although 引导的从句不能与 but、however 连用，但可以与 yet、still 连用。though 还可以与别的词结合使用，如 even though、as though,而 although 则不
13、能这样搭配。no sooner than、hardly when、as soon as 三者都表示 “一就” ， “刚刚就”的意思。（A）as soon as 置于主句前后都可以，而且有备各种时态。如：As soon as she gets here Ill tell her about it. Mary left as soon as the finished the work.(B)hardly when、no sooner than 不能表示将来的事，其主句的谓语动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时。若将 hardly 或 no sooner 放在句首，句子要倒装。如：No sooner
14、had he arrived than he went away again.某些表示时间的名词（词组）也可用作从属连词。它们是：the moment, the minute,the instant, the day, the time, the first (second, third ) time, the spring (summer, autumn,winter), every(each, next, any) time(day),by the time,都可引导时间状语从句。如：His mother died the spring he returned.Call me up the
15、 minute he arrives.六、连词选择填空题精解1. The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, _they will save us money in the long run.A. or B. since C. for D. but解析：答案为 D。本题考查并列连词 or、for、but 和从属连词的意义和用法。并列连词 or 通常表示选择关系；for 表示因果关系； but 表示转折关系；从属连词 since 表示原因。通过比较前后两个分句意思可知，它们是转折关系。2. Several weeks had gone by I
16、realized the painting was missing.A. as B. before C. since D. when解析：答案为 B。本题考查连词的用法。时间 had passed(gone)by before sb. + realized表” 在不知不觉中过（已过去了） ”。3. The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. A. before B. until C. as D. since 解析：答案为 A。本题考
17、查连词的使用。根据 “rung the bell” 和 “the door was opened ”的发生先后，可以得出答案。句子的含义是：女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然打开了。她的朋友们一拥而上去欢迎她。即时练习:4: John plays basketball well, his favourite sport is badminton.A.So B.or C.yet D.for5: Peter was so excited he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing. A.where B.that C.why
18、D.when6: He found it increasingly difficult to read, his eyesight was beginning to fail. A.Though B.for C.but D.so7: It is often said that the joy of travelling is in arriving at your destination in the journey itself.A./;but B./;or C.not;or D.not;but8: Stand over there youll be able to see the oil
19、painting better.A.but B.till C.and D.or9: I thought wed be late for the concert, we ended up getting there ahead of time. A.But B.or C.so D.for10: The artist was born poor, poor he remained all his life.(2008重庆)A.and B.or C.but D.so11:In some places women are expected to earn money men work at home
20、and raise their babies.A.but B.while C.because D.though12: I cannot tell whether the book is worth reading, I havent read it myself.A.but B.so C.or D.for13: Between the two generations,it is often not their age, their education that causes misunderstanding. A.Like B.as C.or D.but14: Our holiday cost
21、 a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter_ you enjoyed yourselves.A as long as B unless C as soon as D though15: Please pronounce the word _ I did.A. by the way B. the way C. the moment D. like16: I was about to leave my house _ the phone rang.A. while B. when C. as D. after17: I had cut the
22、 meat into pieces _ Mother started cooking.A. when B. as soon as C. after D. while18: I really wonder _ he has posted me many packages _ we worked together.A. how；after B. why；when C. when；bef ore D. why；since连词即时练习参考答案1. 选 C。否定句中表示并列用 or; but 表示转折2. 选 D。but 与前面形成转折，符合句意。而表示并列的 and，表示结果的 so，表示原因的 as
23、都不符合句意。3 选D。并列连词for表示原因4 选 C。考查转折连词的用法。句意为:约翰篮球打得很好，但他最喜欢的运动是羽毛球。根据句意，应用转折连词，所以选 C。5 选 D。考查表示缘由的连词。句意为:彼得收到朋友的请柬邀请他到重庆参观，他非常激动。so .when 构成因果关系，所以选 D。6 选 B。考查表示缘由的连词。句意为:由于他的视力开始下降，他发现读东西越来越困难了。for 表示补充说明，所以选 B。7 选 D。考查表示转折的连词。句意为：人们常说，旅游的乐趣不在于你抵达目的地，而在于旅程本身。not .but 为固定短语，意为“不是而是”,所以选 D。8 选 C。考查表示并列
24、的连词。句意为:站在那边，你就能更好地观看这幅油画了。and 连接两个句子，所以选 C。9 选 A。考查表示转折的连词。句意为:我原本以为我们会迟到，但结果我们提前赶到了。but表示转折，所以选 A。10 选 A。考查表示并列的连词。句意为：这位艺术家一出生就很贫穷，并且他一生一直都很贫穷。and 连接并列句,表示递进，所以选 A。11 选 B。考查表示转折的连词。句意为：在有些地方女人赚钱，而男人持家照顾孩子。while此处表示并列对比，所以选 B。12 选 D。考查表示缘由的连词。句意为：我不能说这本书是否值得阅读，因为我自己没有读过。for 在此处引导并列句，表示补充说明原因，因此选 D。13 选 D。考查表示转折的连词。句意为:在两代人之间，不是他们的年龄而是他们所受到的教育容易引起误解。not .but .表示“不是而是” ，因此选 D。 14 选 A 解析：考察连词和具有连词作用的词组 。as long as 只要 unless 除非否则 as soon as 一就 though 虽然, 后一句为只要你玩的开心 , 花多少钱就不重要。1-5 CDDCD 6-10 BDCAA 11-15 BDDAB 16-18 BADBBAD
