1、 第 - 1 - 页 共 15 页 透析中考英语语法非谓语动词考点【非谓语动词命题趋势 】根据对非谓语动词部分全国各省、市中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分仍将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为：1 it作形式主语、宾语的用法2 感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing 形式作宾语补足语的用法；3 动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用4 一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带to ，但变为被动语态时就要带to ；5 有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词ing 形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。 【语法回顾】动词不定式动词不定式由“to+动词原形 ”构成。1、动词不定式作主语当动词不定式作主语时，其谓语动词常
2、用单数。例如：To say something is one thing; to do it is another.说是一回事，做是另一回事。To help animals is helping people.(帮助动物就是帮助人)/ It is very difficult (for us) to learn Chinese well.(对于我们而言)学好汉语是非常的困难)/ It took me half an hour to work out this problem.(解出这道题花了我一个小时的时间)当动词不定式在句子中作主语时,通常使用 it 作形式主语而真正主语则是不定式或不定式短
3、语，以使句子保持平衡。例如：Its so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。It is not difficult to work out the problem.弄清这个节目的情况并不困难。Its very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。It is +adj +of/for sb. To do sth1）for sb. 句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如 easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible 等：例如：Its very hard fo
4、r him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。 2）of sb 句型中的形容词一般为表示性格，品德，心智能力，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如 good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。例如：Its very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。典例练习1.Its very nice pictures for me. 天津A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawing2.Many
5、 people think its very important us learn English well. 贵阳A. for, to B. to, to C. with, for3.It took Janet three hours _ reading this interesting story.A. to finish B. finished C. finishing4. It took me two weeks_reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. Finish
6、ing5.It took me two weeks _ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming. . A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. finishing 6. Its very kind of you (tell) me about it.7._ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. Known B. Having known C. Knowing D. Being known第 - 2 - 页
7、 共 15 页 1. Is it necessary _(learn) a foreign language? 30. Its bad for your eyes _ computer games for a long time. A. plays B. to play C. play D. played32. Is it always easier _ friends than to keep them? A. making B. make C. to make D. made2、动词不定式作表语不定式可放在 be 动词后面，形成表语。例如：My work is to clean the r
8、oom every day. 我的工作是每天清扫房间。His dream is to be a doctor. 他的梦想是成为一名医生。典例练习1. The engine just wont start. Something seems wrong with it.A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone3、动词不定式作宾语1）及物动词ask，agree，beg ，care ，choose，decide，expect，force ，fail，hesitate，claim，hope，learn，long，manage，offer ，pret
9、end，plan，prepare，promise，refuse ，want，wish 等要求动词不定式作宾语。例如：We want to learn some body language.我们想学习一点身势语。She has decided to go to Guangzhou tomorrow.她已经决定明天去广州。No one can afford to buy such an expensive suit.没有人能担负起买如此昂贵的服装。典例练习1.Wed really like you _ to the party tonight.2.36. Who do you think youd
10、 like _?A. to make friends B. make friends C. to make friends with D. make friends with51. The policeman warned the young man_ after drinking.第 - 3 - 页 共 15 页 A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive4、动词不定式作宾语补足语有的动词后接带 to 的动词不定式作补语；有的动词后接不带 to 的动词不定式。1）能以带 to 的不定式作宾补的动词有：
11、 ask，allow， get，warn，tell ，invite，force， oblige， beg， wish，want， like， hate， expect， encourage， advise， persuade，permit， request， order， cause， know， call on 等。例如：Would you like me to help you? 你要我帮忙吗？Father will not allow us to play on the street.典例练习1.Alice asked me another bag for her. 北京市课标卷A. g
12、et B. got C. to get D. getting2.Our parents often tell us not alone in the river in summer. 长沙A. swim B. to swim C. swimming3.-What did your sister say to you last night?-She asked me _my father her secret.绍兴 A. to tell not B. not to tell C. dont tell D not tell4. Has the doctor allowed her (get) ou
13、t of bed?6. （全国课标 I 卷）28. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked bythe police .A .not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not30.（上海卷）27. As Jack left his membership card at home. he wasnt allowed _into the sports club.A. going B. to go C. go D. gone3.Wed really like you _ to t
14、he party e b. to come c. will come d. should come2）用不带 to 的不定式作宾补的动词有 see，hear，watch，notice，observe，listen to，look at，feel，let，have，make 等。但是，这类句子变为被动语态时，不定式符号 to 仍保留。例如：I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。=He was seen to dance.The boss made them work the whole night. 老板让他们整夜干活。=They were made to work the whole
15、 night.典例练习1.Betty is often seen _the old man with his housework.咸宁A. help B. to help C. helped D. helps第 - 4 - 页 共 15 页 2.Time goes by so fast. We must never miss the chance to show love for our parents and make them _ how much they mean to us. 哈尔滨A. to know B. knowing C. know3.-How do you feel whe
16、n you see the national flag of China?-It makes us _proud.包头A. feel B. to feel C. felt D. feeling4. Drivers shouldnt be allowed _ after drinking, or they will break the law. A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. to be driven5 Which do you prefer, Chinese food or Western food? I would rather Chinese food
17、. Lets have noodles.A. to have B. having C. had D. have6. He was made (finish) a lot of work during the holiday.7.When we saw the road with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home A block B to block C blocking D blocked3. When I came in I saw the children _ TV. A. watch B. watchingC. watched D
18、. to watch中考英语非谓语动词专练 选择最佳答案填空：1. In the dark I heard my name _. A. calling B. callC. called D. to call2. The students are busy _ ready for the journey. A. getting B. getC. got D. to get 3. When I came in I saw the children _ TV. A. watch B. watchingC. watched D. to watch4. She kept me _ for over tw
19、enty minutes.A. to wait B. waitingC. waited D. wait5. It was dark. I didnt notice you _ a bag.A. carry B. carryingC. carried D. to carry6. He was seen _to her daughter.A. speaking B. speaksC. speak D. spoke7. He was seen _ away by the police.A. taking B. being takenC. took D. be taken8. Lets _(have)
20、 a rest, shall we?第 - 5 - 页 共 15 页 29. A policeman saw two thieves _ a girls mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once.A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen5、动词不定式与疑问词、介词的连用（1）decide ， find out， forget，know ，learn，remember，wonder 等动词常接“疑问词+ 动词不定式”这个结构，用作宾语。疑问词一般是 what，who（m） ，where，how，w
21、hether，why，which。例如：Would you teach us how to drive a car? 你愿意教我们如何开车吗？Let me tell you what to do now.让我来告诉你现在该做什么。典例练习1.The menu has so many good things! I cant decide_.河北A. what to eat B. how to eat C. where to eat D. when to eat2-My dad bought me a new MP4, but I dont know _.-Lets read the instru
22、ctions.河南课改试验区 A. what to use B. which one to use C. how to use it D. when to use it3.If you want to know _the mobile phone, youd better read the instructions first.大连A. how to use B. how to make C. where to mend D. where to buy4. Will you please show me how to do the role-play exercise? Sure. Now l
23、et me tell you first.A. which to do B. how to do C. when to do D. what to do13. I really dont know what _(do) next.45. Have you decided _? A. to go with whom B. whom to go with C. whom go with D. with whom to go当宾语是不定式(短语)时，如果其后有宾语补足语，则须用 it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在补语之后，即：“主语 +谓语 + it +宾补不定式（短语） ”。常见的谓语动词有th
24、ink, make, feel, find, etc.例如：I dont think it is necessary to buy a bigger computer.我认为没有必要买那个大功能的计算机。He found it important to study the situation in Russian.他发现研究俄国形势非常重要。6、动词不定式作定语不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后，往往表示未发生的动作。例如：I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多事要做。There was nothing to bring home that morning. 那天早上
25、（他回家时）两手空空。 典例练习1.Shopping with me?第 - 6 - 页 共 15 页 Sorry. I have a lot of clothes . （2004 江西省南昌） Ato wash B washed Cwash Dto be washed. Im thirsty. Will you get me something _? A. drink B. to drink C. eat D. eating38. -Hi, Betty. Shall we go swimming this Sunday?-This Sunday? I am sorry, I have a l
26、ot of homework _ this Sunday.A. to do B. done C. do D. to be done39. Sally had no pen _ yesterday morning. A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with7、动词不定式作状语不定式通常在句子里可作目的、条件、原因和结果状语。目的状语常用结构为 to do , only to do（仅仅为了）, in order to do, so as to do, so（such） as to（如此以便） 。例如：He ran so fas
27、t as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。2）作结果状语，可以表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果，不定式要放在句子后面。I awoke to find my truck gone. 我醒来发现箱子不见了。He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜索了房间，没发现什么。3） 表原因Im glad to see you. 见到你很高兴。She wept to see the sight. 她一看到这情形就哭了
28、。典例练习1.-Linda, I am very thirsty.-Lets go to the nearest supermarket some drinks, OK? 重庆A. buy B. bought C. to buy D. buying2.In order _the word a friendly place, one must show a friendly face.乐山A. makes B. making C. to make D. make3. energy, turn off the hot water after you take a shower.A. Save B.
29、 Saving C. Saved D. To save4._a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.A. To find B. Find C. To write D. Write.5. _ English well, one must have a lot of practice.A. Speaks B. To speak C. Spoken D. Speak第 - 7 - 页 共 15 页 6. Im very glad (hear) that great changes have taken place in th
30、e past 30 years in our home town.7。- Mum, Im hungry. - What about going to McDonalds _ fried chicken? A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. and eatIII.不定式的否定和省略形式一、不定式的否定不定式的否定通常应直接在不定式前加否定词 not。注：否定词 never 也可构成不定式的否定形式。Tell him not to shut the window。让他别关窗。She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的
31、时候，她假装没看见。第二节 动名词1、 动名词作主语1） 动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别。一般地说，动名词表示抽象的、一般的行为，尤其是强调多次性的动作；不定式表示具体的、某一次的动作，特别是将来的动作。例如：Checking information is very important.Learning a foreign language is very useful to me.典例练习(do) morning exercises is good for our health.56. _ English is much easier than speaking it. A. Read B
32、. To read C. Reading D. Reads2、动名词作宾语1） 有些动词只能用动名词作直接宾语，不能用不定式作直接宾语。如：admit， advise， avoid， consider，delay ，finish， mind， miss， permit， practise， enjoy， resist，risk， appreciate， imagine， 例如：He finished reading the book yesterday.他昨天看完这本书。Have you considered looking for one special friend?你是否考虑过找一位特别
33、亲密的朋友呢？典例练习1.一 Its a bit cold Would you mind my _all the windows?一 Do as you like，pleaseAclose B will close Cclosing Dto close 2.Mary and I enjoy _ badmintonAto play B playing Cplayed3.-So hot in the classroomWould you mind _the windows?0KIll do it right nowA not closing B not opening C closing Dope
34、ning4.-Mr. Wang，I have trouble _the text第 - 8 - 页 共 15 页 一 Remember _it three times at leastAto understand；reading B understanding；readingC understanding；to read Dto understand ；to read at night 5. No matter how hard it is, well keep until we make it.A. failed B. failing C. tried D. trying5. Dont ke
35、ep me _(wait) for a long time.17. Can you finish _(read) the book in three days?20. Stop _(talk) and listen to me carefully.If you practice _ English whenever you can, you will soon speak well.a. talking b. going speak c. speaking d. to speak1Tom likes cars. He enjoys _ model cars of all kinds. A. c
36、ollects B. collecting C. to collect D. collected2）动名词作介词宾语的用法。be used to， preventfrom， depend on，feel like， be fond of， be proud of， put off， give up， devote oneself to ，help yourself to， be busy in，be afraid of， apologize for 等。例如：I dont feel like walking very much today.今天我不想走太多的路。The Great Green
37、will stop the wind from blowing the earth away.绿色长城将阻止风刮走土。注意： 动名词前的介词有时可以省略。如： have difficulty (in) doing ; have no trouble (in) doing; lose no time (in) doing; prevent/stop(from) doing; there is no use (in) doing 等。例如：I have some difficult in pronouncing some of the words in English.The heavy rain
38、 kept them from going out.大雨阻止了他们外出。We must stop them (from) making the same mistake again.我们必须防止犯同样的错误。典例练习1. China will spend about 52 billion yuan _new airports and _old ones in the west of China in the 11th Five-Year Plan period(时期) 07 临沂市Arepairing; building B to build；repair Cbuilding；repairin
39、g Dto repair；build2 students should pay attention to _the teacher in class07 泰州市Ahear B1istento C listening to D hearing of3.I feel like (give) up Maths because its hard to learn.12. Knives are used for _(cut) things.第 - 9 - 页 共 15 页 2. He is good at _(swim).21. Thank you very much for _(help) us.26
40、. What about _(go) out for a walk?23.We are tired of _ the same problem all the time.a. discussing b. to discuss c. discussing for d. discuss42. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from _ the earth away.A. blow B. blowing C. blew D. to blow43. How about _?A. to go out for a walk B. go swimming i
41、n the riverC. visiting the sick children in the hospital D. to having lunch in the restaurant50. Jenny is interested in _ in her free time.A. listened to the radio B. reading magazines C. watch TV D. plays tennis3）有些动词即可用动名词作直接宾语，也可以用不定式作直接宾语，两者有着截然不同的意义。（1）like，love，prefer，hate 等表示喜爱、厌恶、偏好的情感动词，后跟不
42、定式表示“仅一时的爱憎情感或指特定或具体某次行为” ；后跟动名词表示“抽象性的一种倾向、爱好或习惯性的动作”例如：I dont like to read this novel.我不喜欢看这本小说。I dont like reading in bed.我不喜欢在床上看书。第 - 10 - 页 共 15 页 I prefer to work rather than sit idle.我情愿工作而不愿闲坐着。 （2）动词 remember，forget，stop ，go on，try，regret，cant help 等既能以动词不定式又能以动名词作宾语，但表达的意思却不同。Remember to
43、go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。Dont you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?forget 用动词不定式表示.“忘记要去做某事情” ；用动名词表示 “忘记过去做过的一件事情”The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. He forgot turning the light off.stop 用动词不定式表示“停下来做另一件事情 ”后用动名词表示“停止正在做的事情” 。They stop to
44、smoke a cigarette.I must stop smoking. go on doing sth 表示“继续不停地做某事”或“一件事没有做完，停顿后继续做下去；与原来所做的事相同。 ”After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics. Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one. try 用动词不定式表示“设法去做某件事情” ；后用动名词表示“试一试某种办法” 。You must try to be more careful.
45、I tried gardening but didnt succeed. mean 后用动词不定式表示“打算、想要做某事” ；后用动名词表示“意味着、意思是” 。 I meant to tell you yesterday，but you were not in your office. Missing the train means waiting for an hourcant help 后用动词不定式表示“不能帮助做” 。后用动名词表示“禁不住；不得不” 。He couldnt help finishing it.We couldnt help to finish it. be afra
46、id doing/to do be afraid to do 不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为“ 怕“，be afraid of doing 担心出现 doing 的状况、结果。 doing 是客观上造成的，意为 “生怕，恐怕“。例如：She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。learn 后跟不定式表示“学会了做某事”或“学着做某事” ；跟动名词表示“学过做某事” ，但不一定会了。例如：He has learned to type.他学会
47、了打字。 （指会使用打字机）He has learned typing. 他学过打字。 （他不一定会使用打字机）典例练习1.一 There goes the bell一 Its time for class. Lets stop_.福州市A talk B to talk Ctalking Dnot talk2. When class begins, we stop to the teacher carefully.A. listening B. to listen C. listens D. listen3. We couldnt help when Uncle Wang told us the news.A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D.
