1、Unit 12Text comprehensionI DII TFFTTIII1. Refer to Paragraph 1. We have to take into account the persons linguistic genealogy.2. Refer to Paragraph 2. Resulting from the arrangement of the English language, men are usually identified with exalted positions while women are identified with more servic
2、e-oriented positions in which they are being dominated and instructed by men.3. Refer to Paragraph 3. In American culture, a woman is valued for the attractiveness of her body, whereas a man is valued for his physical strength and his achievement.4. Refer to Paragraph 3. The bias is evident in word
3、pairs because the masculine word is usually put before the feminine word, as in the examples of Mr. and Mrs, his and hers, boys and girls5. Refer to Paragraph 5. The writer cites these examples to support his argument that there are far greater positive connotations connected with being a man than w
4、ith being a woman.IV1. Language is an intricate system capable of expressing subtle differences in meaning, emotion, attitude and so on.2. The words people choose to use in conversation show the prejudices they hold within themselves.3. Nilsen argues that, at the beginning of a wedding ceremony, whe
5、n the father is asked who gives the bride away and he answers, “I do,” sexual prejudice shows itself.4. To be born a man, with the mark of “male”, is almost like receiving grace, a favor form God one doesnt actually deserve.VocabularyI1. consider/take into consideration2. by its very nature3. mens s
6、uperiority4. the reason that leads to5. begins to exercise an influence6. in connection withII1. bias2. perpetuate3. oriented4. achievements5. exalts6. misinterpreted7. in reference to8. yielded9. tempers10.supremacyIII CDABCAABCDIV1. bias, prejudice, bias, prejudice2. requested, claim, requested, c
7、laim3. connecting, connected, attaches, attached4. instances, example, instances, exampleV1. strong, mighty, forceful2. understand, comprehend, interpret3. entertain, cherish, nurture4. include, embrace5. unbiased, just, balanced6. inferiority, subservience7. conventional, common, usual, habitual8.
8、little, small, inconsiderable, insignificantVI1. The aircraft can carry 480 people excluding the crew and cabin staff.2. His poetry conveys a great sense of religious devotion.3. the judge decided that allowing the videotape as evidence would be prejudicial to the outcome of the trial.4. It seems he
9、s not solely to lame for the accident.5. The political disparity between the two communities is obvious.6. At the ceremony many speakers exalted his lifetime contribution to the movie industry.7. In the last two to three years, drinkers have become more discerning and are now enjoying a wider variet
10、y of beer of better quality.8. The changes to the national health system will be implemented next year.GrammarII1. that2. who/whom/-3. that/which4. when/at which/-5. whereby/in which/by which6. whose7. why/that8. that/-9. whom10.that/-III1. The extra work she took on was starting to affect her healt
11、h.2. Adam, whose novel the TV series is based on, will appear in the first episode.3. The trees which/that were blown down in last nights storm are being cut down.4. Dorothy was able to switch between German, Polish and Russian, all of which she spoke fluently.5. The hurricane, which caused such dam
12、age in the islands, has now headed out to sea.6. The house which/that is next to ours is for sale.7. Neil Smith, whose parents are both teachers, won first prize in the competition.8. They climbed up to the top of a large rock, from which they got a good view.IV1. hear, will suppose, no longer wish2
13、. will cover3. are you going4. are going to invite5. will be attended to6. am going to watchVIFootball players can only use their feet or their head to pass the ball, never their hands, while basketball players can only use their hands, never their feet.TranslationI1. 甚至在亲属关系上，家中的男人常被称为“当家的” ，即便只不过是
14、一个四岁的娃儿。2. 在美国文化里，女人的价值在于她身体的魅力，而男人的价值在于他的体力和成就。3. 这说明：由于性别的原因，女人无法把握属于自己的一部分，却使得男人能够理所当然地获取并不属于他的东西。4. shrew（）这个单词原来指一种身体很小但特别恶毒的动物。但是，在尼尔森的词典里，shrew 的意思是一个“脾气极坏、骂骂咧咧的女人” 。II1. I marvel at the poets ability to express different nuances of feeling.2. Although you have good teachers and a favorable e
15、nvironment, it is your personal effort that comes into play in the success of your English studies.3. As English majors, we need to have a keen awareness of the subtle differences between word meanings4. Some new policies in the educational system will be implemented next year.5. It is unfair to ide
16、ntify popular culture with vulgar culture.6. He believes that a person should be noble-minded, but not money-oriented all the time.7. The Middle East is generously endowed with petroleum.8. The school authorities are holding a meeting in reference to the construction of a new gymnasium.9. But for hi
17、s personal visits to the third-world countries, he would not have believed such disparity in the living standards between the rich and the poor.10.No one came to claim the welfare lottery bonus of 5 million yuan RMB, not even to the last day.Exercises for integrated skillsIA major topic of socioling
18、uistics is the connection, if any, between the structures, vocabularies, and ways of using particular languages and the social roles of the men and women who speak these languages. Do the men and women who speak a particular language use it in different ways? If they do, do these differences arise f
19、rom the structure of that language, or alternately, do any differences that exist simply reflect the ways in which the sexes relate to each other in that society, whatever the reason? These issues have generated a considerable amount of thought and discussion in the last decades of the twentieth century.IIRestricted, where, when, items, drew, vocabulary, male, marked, with, source
