1、一般现在时一三单变化:1.多数在动词后s 例如:play plays like likes2以 s ,x ,sh ,ch , o 结尾的es,例如:go goes wash washes3以辅音字母加 y 结尾,把 y 改成 i 再加 es例如:fly flies cry cries在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s 或-es。二哪些主语是第三人称单数呢?现归纳总结如下: 一、人称代词 he, she, it 是第三人称单数。如: He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like
2、a cat. 它看起来像只猫。 二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如: Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 三、单数可数名词或“this / that / the+单数可数名词“作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。 这只猫是露茜的。 四、不定代词 someone, somebod
3、y, nobody, everything, something 等及指示代词this, that 作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: 大家到齐了。 There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。 That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。 五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如: The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 那面包很小。 六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如: “6“ is a lucky number. “6“是个吉利数字。 “I“
4、 is a letter. “I“是个字母。 一般现在时的用法1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be 动词:主语 +be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+ 其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)
5、时,要在动词后加“-s“或“-es“。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化:否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句:1. be 动词的变化。否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be +主语 +其它。如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:I dont like bread.当主语为第
6、三人称单数时,要用 doesnt 构成否定句。如:He doesnt often play.一般疑问句:Do( Does ) + 主语+动词原形+ 其它。如:- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用 does 构成一般疑问句。如:- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。Model: clean cleans1) watch _ 2) have _ 3) cook_ 4) go
7、 _ 5) fly _ 6) make _ 二用动词的正确形式填空。1. We often_(play) in the playgound.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What_(do) he usually_(do) after school?5. Danny_(study)English,Chinese,Maths, Science and Art an school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister
8、.7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every day?9.Tom (swim) in the river now.10.Its eight oclock now. The boys (watch) TV.11.She usually (do) her homework in the evening.12.Tom and Tony cant (swim).13.What does your father _ (do)? Hes a worker.14.Look! Jim
9、 and Tom (run) there.三改句子1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答)2. I have many books. (改为否定句)3. Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis (改为否定句)4. She lives in a small town near New York. (改为一般疑问句)5. I watch TV every day. (改为一般疑问句)6. David has got a goal. (改为一般疑问句)三、选择填空:( )1. Look! Li
10、Ping and Li Ying _ basketball now.A. play B. plays C. are playing ( )2. Can I_ this book?A. have B. has C. having( )3. I to music at 7:00 this morning.A. listen B. listening C. listens( )4. What _ that in the box? A shirt.A. am B. is C. are D. be( )5. Can I TV? Sure.A. watching B. watch C. see( )6、S
11、he like swimming.A. doesnt B. dont C. isnt.( )7. Here the money. A. are B. is C. am ( )8. There _ a table and two chairs in Jennys room.A. am B. is C. are 一般过去时一 教学重难点:一般过去时(用法、动词过去式的变化规则等)实义动词 do 一般过去时的讲解二 教学步骤:(一)般过去时的概念 一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。谓语动词要用动词的过去式,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yester
12、day 昨天、last night 昨晚、last week 上周、last year 去年,等。(二)一般过去时的结构(可分三类不同的结构) 1.Be 动词的一般过去时 在没有实义动词的句子中使用 be 动词, am is 的过去式为 was; are 的过去式为 were 肯定句式:主语 + be(was , were) + 其它. 否定句式:主语 + be(was , were) + not + 其它. 一般疑问句:Be(was , were) + 主语 + 其它? 注:在这种构成中,be 动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用 was / were。Be 动词分为单数和复数,was 是
13、表示单数,were 是表示复数。 2. 实义动词的一般过去时态 肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词 do 和 does 的过去式 did. 肯定句式:主语 + 动词(过去式)+ 其它否定句式:主语 + didnt + 动词(原形)+ 其它 【did not = didnt】 一般疑问句:Did + 主语+ 动词(原形)+ 其它【 do , does 的过去时均为 did】?注:1. did 和 didnt 是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。2. 实意动词 do 的一般过去时 I do my homework every day. (用 yesterday
14、 改写句子)I didnt do my homework yesterday.(改为一般疑问句 )3. 情态动词的一般过去时态 含有情态动词的一般过去时与含有 Be 动词的一般过去时,是十分相似,请注意观察。 肯定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + 其它否定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + not + 其它. 一般疑问句:情态动词 + 主语 + 其它? 注:情态动词的过去式:cancould , maymight , mustmust ,will-would,should-should。 4.特殊疑问句式: 特殊疑问词+be 过去式+主语+其他?特殊疑问词+情态助动词过去式+ 主语+动词原形+其他?特殊
15、疑问词+do/does 过去式 +主语+动词原形+ 其他?What was your former name? 你以前叫什么名字?Why was he late for school last Monday? 上星期一他为什么迟到?What could she do twenty years ago? 20 年前她能做什么? (三) 一般过去时的判断标志词一般过去时的判断标志词一般过去时的判断标志词一般过去时的判断标志词 yesterday , the day before yesterday , last + 时间 , this morning 时间 + ago , just now , a
16、 moment ago , in + 过去的时间 , 注意:一般过去时表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和 often 经常, always总是,once a week 一周一次,等表示频度的时间状语连用(四)规则动词的过去式1.+ edlooklooked playplayed startstarted visitvisited pull-pulled, cook-cooked2.以不发音 e 结尾的动词,在词尾直接加 -d。 livelived useused taste-tasted3.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词,先将 y 改为 i ,再加 ed。 studystudied tryt
17、ried flyflied 4.以重读闭音节(即辅音元音辅音)或 r 音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加 ed。 stopstopped planplanned stop-stopped preferpreferred 5.不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。 如:am(is)-was, are-were(是), become _became (成为) go-went(走), (买) buy -bought, sell-sold(卖)come-came(来), take-took(拿), have (has)-had(有) , begin(开始)-began, bri
18、ng(拿来) -brought, can(能)-could, catch(捉住)-caught, cut(砍,割)-cut, do/does(做,干)-did, draw(画画,拉)-drew, drink(喝)-drank, drive(驾驶)-drove, eat(吃)-ate, fall(跌倒,落下)-fell, feel(感觉)-felt, fly(飞)-flew, get(获得)-got, give(给)-gave, grow(生长)-grew, keep(保持)-kept, know(知道,认识)-knew, learn(学习)-learnt, leave (离开)-left, l
19、et(让)-let, lie(躺,平放)-lay, make(使得,做)-made, may(可以)-might, must(必须)-must, read(读)-read, ride (骑) -rode, ring (鸣铃)-rang, run(跑)-ran, say 说)-said, see (看见) -saw, sell (卖)-sold, send(送) -sent, set (放) -set, sing(唱歌)-sang, sit (坐)-sat, sleep (睡觉)-slept, speak(说话) -spoke, spend (花费)-spent, stand (站立)-stoo
20、d, swim (游泳) -swam, teach(教)-taught, tell (告诉)-told, think(认为)-thought, throw(投掷)-threw, understand(懂得)-understood, wear(穿)-wore, will(将要)-would, win(获胜)-won, (弯曲) bend -bent, blow -blew(吹 ),选择 choose chose ,(五)一般过去时的基本用法 表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。He suddenly fell ill last night. 他昨晚突然病倒了。表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的
21、动作She went to the cinema once a month when she was at alked by the riverside. 我在乡下时经常在河边散步。 叙述过去连续发生的一件件事 She got up early, fetched water, cleaned the room and then went out for a walk. 她早早起床,提水,打扫房间然后出去散步。 (六)课后练习一般过去时练习题,.请用正确动词形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird las
22、t night.3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween. 44. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls _ (dance) at the party last nig
23、ht.9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday last week. 10. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 11. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 12. Gao Shan _ (put) up the picture last night. 13. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday.14. 14. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? 15. He
24、r father _ (read) a newspaper last night.16. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night.17. I listened but _ (hear) nothing.18. How many people _ (be) there in your class last term? 二、按要求变换句型。 1. Frank read an interesting book about history. (一般疑问句)_ Frank _ an interesting book about history?2
25、. He cleaned his room just now (划线提问) What_ he _?3. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. (否定句)Thomas _ _ RMB 10 on this book. 4. My family went to the beach last week. (划线提问) _ _ _ family _ last week? 1. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend.2. _ she _(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _.3. W
26、hat _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening?He _(watch) TV and _(read) an interesting book.4. They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.5. She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend.She _ (stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning.6. When _ you _(write) this song? I _(write) it last year.7. My friend, Carol, _(study) for the math test and _(practice) English last night.8. _ Mr. Li _(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _.9. How _(be) Jims weekend? It _(be not) bad.10. _ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she _.