1、Unit 11 Open the Door to ForgivenessKey to the ExercisesText comprehensionI. B. II. 1. T; 2. T; 3. F; 4. T.IV.1. Hate is like a vicious and uncontrollable disease that darkens our life and affects our health.2. we must remember that we are seldom mere victims of other peoples sins or wrong doings. W
2、e also do wrongs to or sin against others.Structural analysis of the textIn the first five paragraphs the author gives his comment on one of our common experiences: being hurt and hating the person who hurts us. Then he moves on to give advice on the right approach to the matter: forgiving the perso
3、n and healing our wound.After offering some suggestions about how to achieve forgiveness, the author presents the opposite view“forgiveness is a sign of weakness” (Paragraph 19), which prepares the ground for his counter-argument in the subsequent paragraphs. The author winds up the essay with his c
4、onviction that forgiveness is a godlike act of creation.Section Four Consolidation ActivitiesVocabularyI.1. face up to: confront bravely2. let go of: stop holding something 放开，松手3. be let off the hook: be allowed to get away without being punished 摆脱困境，逃避惩罚4. eye for an eye: every injury should be p
5、aid back; retaliation 以眼还眼，以牙还牙5. vicious circle: a situation in which the effect of one problem creates another, and causes the first problem to return 恶性循环II.1. guidelines; 2. promoted; 3. reconciled; 4. vicious circle; 5. worth; 6. keep; 7. compelled; 8. forge.III. Word derivationFill in the blan
6、ks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. compelling 2. acknowledgement 3. promotion 4. reconciliation 5. mutually 6. invisible 7. confrontation 8. denial IV.1. B; 2. D; 3. D; 4. A; 5. D; 6. C; 7. C; 8. A.V. Synonym / AntonymGive a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sente
7、nce in the sense it is used.1. Synonym: well-intentioned2. Antonym: outer, external3. Antonym: unfairness, partiality, injustice4. Synonym: pardon, excuse5. Synonym: discharged, dismissed, sacked6. Synonym: below, under7. Synonym: enemy, opponent8. Antonym: current, presentVI. Word abbreviation Prov
8、ide in each space the full form for each shortened form.1. WTO World Trade Organization / World Tourism Organization 2. WHO World Health Organization 3. UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 4. EU European Union 5. FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation 6. ASEAN Associ
9、ation of Southeast Asian Nations 7. DIY do it yourself 8. UFO unidentified flying object Grammar ExercisesI. Fill in the blanks with pronouns.1. all; anything; more2. all3. it4. ones 5. I; I 6. anything 7. Anybody 8. none9. it10. something; anyone/ anybodyII. Correct the errors, where found, in the
10、following sentences.1. everyone every one2. each every3. my whole luggage all my luggage4. on myself on my own 独立地 / by myself 独立5. the a6. OK7. a little little8. most my spare time most of my spare timeIII.1. depict; possess2. non-unique; definite3. disapproval; fact4. informal; formal5. glass; win
11、e6. bag / for shopping; shopping / in a bag7. vegetables; garden8. owners; existing in / England and AmericaIV. Rephrase the following sentences, using the correct possessive forms.1. I am taking a holiday for a week.I am taking a weeks holiday.2. John and Peters3. two minutes walk4. Charles bicycle
12、5. Three men helped to organize the school sports day. They were the fathers of Robert, Peter and Henry.Three men helped to organize the school sports day. They were Roberts, Peters and Henrys fathers.6. of my cats kittens7. I had a cup of coffee in the buffet on the station.I had a cup of coffee in
13、 the station buffet.8. our hearts contentV.1. b; 2. a; 3. b; 4. a; 5. a; 6. c; 7. c; 8. b. Translation exercisesI.1.承认仇恨将迫使我们做出决定，是否要对我们的灵魂进行可以称之为“ 宽恕”的手术。2.当他说他的支持没能打动院长，因此感到非常抱歉时，她假装相信了他，可她无法保持这种两面性。3.宽恕意味着用一种新的眼光去审视伤害我们的人，排除他的过错（姑且将他的罪过搁置一边） ，看看那不道德的外衣下究竟是一个什么样的人。4.如果我们都遵循“以眼还眼、以牙还牙”的司法模式（公平方式） ，
14、那么整个世界都将陷入盲目行动之中。II.1. As my article was over 10,000 words, I finally had to cut out several paragraphs to satisfy the requirements of the academic journal.2. There is no running away from the facts, so we must face up to the truth and pay for our mistakes.3. That year, despite the car accident, he
15、was promoted to the next grade after he passed all the exams required by the school.4. The intellectuals of that country were very critical of the governments new social welfare policy because, according to them, it would bring down the living standards of the working people.5. It is, to be sure, di
16、fficult to remove the resentment between them, but it is at least worth trying.6. The government is taking all possible measures to bring down the prices lest inflation should get out of control.7. As the murder denied all the charges, we had to convince the jury with more evidence that he was guilt
17、y.8Finally he managed to forgive his wifes infidelity and was reconciled with her after years of separation.Exercises for integrated skillsI. DictationTake the control away from your offender. / Mentally replaying your hurt gives power to the person / who caused you pain. / Instead of focusing on yo
18、ur wounded feelings, / learn to look for the love, / beauty and kindness around you. /Try to see things / from the other persons perspective. / If you empathize with that person, / you may realize / that he or she was acting / out of ignorance, fear even love. / To gain perspective, / you may want t
19、o write a letter to yourself / from your offenders point of view. /Recognize the benefits of forgiveness. / Research has shown / that people who forgive / report more energy, / better appetite and better sleep patterns. /Dont forget to forgive yourself. / For some people, / forgiving themselves / is
20、 the biggest challenge. / But it can rob you of your self-confidence / if you dont do so.II. Cloze(1) easy; (2) of; (3) to; (4) less; (5) more; (6) of; (7) have; (8) if; (9) in; (10) who Writing PracticeWrite two paragraphs based on the first sentences given below. While writing, use the repetition
21、strategy where it is necessary and the substitution technique where it is fit, so that your writing might be coherent and clear, but not boring because of unnecessary repetition.1. College students have all kinds of worries and anxieties.Ideas for reference:College isnt a problem-free land, and coll
22、ege students also suffer from all kinds of worries and anxieties.Freshmen need to think carefully about how to handle well their free time.Sophomores and juniors may be troubled by whether to take part-time jobs or not.Seniors may worry about what they can do and where they should go after graduatio
23、n.Sample:College isnt a problem-free land, and college students also suffer from all kinds of worries and anxieties. For the freshmen, they need to think carefully about how to handle well their free time. College is so different from high school. In college, students dont need to have lessons all d
24、ay long; they dont need to do so many excises; they dont need to have extra lessons in the weekends. In a word, they have a lot of free time to do whatever they want. In this case, some freshmen may abuse the freedom and waste their time playing online games day and night or skipping classes constan
25、tly. Some smarter ones may be keenly aware of their problems but they just cannot make a change by themselves. For the sophomores and juniors, some may be troubled by whether to take part-time job or not. By doing part-time jobs, they can, on the one hand, get some money and relieve their parents bu
26、rden; on the other hand, they can accumulate some working experience and know better about the society as well as sharpen their mind. However, these may gain at the expense of their valuable time. Others may be troubled by whether to further their study or not. Graduate schools have high requirement
27、s on academy. If a student wants to have a chance to study in a graduate school, he or she may sacrifice most of his or her free time to prepare for it. Therefore, they have a lot of pressure. For the seniors, they may worry about what they can do and where they should go after graduation. The compe
28、tition in the job market is becoming more and more severe, and that is a great challenge for the graduates. Although they have spent four years on college and have taken all kinds of lessons, college students are still not confident about themselves. Job hunting is a big issue lingering in their min
29、d. All in all, college life isnt trouble-free, and college students also have a lot to worry about.2. Every Chinese college student should become a guardian of the environment (an environment protector).Ideas for reference:Chinese economy has been growing fast.Environment has exerted great pressure:
30、 water is polluted, the ecological system is disturbed, and natural resources have been excessively used.Urgent problems need serious and immediate attention.College students should set a good example for the whole Chinese society by taking pro-environmental actions.Sample:Every Chinese college stud
31、ent should become a guardian of the environment (an environment protector). Since reform and opening to the outside world, Chinese economy has been growing fast. As a result, Chinese peoples living standard is improving and tourism is flourishing. But at the same time, the environment has exerted gr
32、eat pressure: water is polluted, the ecological system is disturbed, and natural resources have been excessively used. All these urgent problems need serious and immediate attention. College students, as a community better educated than the average, should set a good example for the whole Chinese so
33、ciety by taking pro-environmental action, engaging in environment-friendly practices and improving their own environment-related behavior. The global awareness of the current environmental deterioration is another important reason for Chinese college students to become protectors of the environment.
34、 For the past decade, China has been preoccupied with economic growth in order to catch up with the most developed countries in the world. However, our environmental awareness has been lagging behind. Since environmental issues have dominated the agendas of most advanced countries, we should serious
35、ly study environmentalist values and concepts, lest China lose the common ground shared with the rest of the world. Young people receiving higher education today will be the most active participants in Chinas international exchanges and interaction tomorrow. Therefore, they should act like Greenpeac
36、e keepers and try their best to let more and more people realize the importance of sustainable development. As long as all Chinese college students take actions, the countrys environmental quality will be improved and Chinas international image will become better and better.Listening ExercisesYou ar
37、e going to hear a speech given by former US president Bill Clinton on fighting against hate crimes.A. Listen to the speech. Pay special attention to the following key words.challenges / opportunitiesglobal economy / global societydiversity / strengthequality of opportunity / dignified treatmentcommo
38、n values / common futurehatred / division / intolerance / stereotype / bigotryviolence / crimesrace / religious faith / national origin / sexual orientation / gender / disabilityracial / ethnic / tribal / religiousracial epithets / anti-gay epithets / swastikaB. Listen again. Complete the following
39、statements.1. One of Americas greatest challenges and greatest opportunities is to conquer the forces of hatred and division .2. As we move into a new century with its global economy and its global society , our rich diversity is a powerful strength , if we respect it.3. We are clearly stronger as a
40、 nation when we use the full talents of all of our people, regardless of race or religious faith, national origin or sexual orientation, gender or disability .4. We stand today in sharp contrast to the racial , ethnic , tribal and religious conflicts, but we have still not purged ourselves of all bi
41、gotry and intolerance .5. Hate crimes weaken the sense that we are one people with common values and a common future .6. Even a small number of Americans who harbor and act upon hatred and intolerance can do enormous damage to our efforts to bind together our increasingly diverse society into one na
42、tion.7. Together, we will move closer to the day when acts of hatred are no longer a stain on our community or our conscience ; closer to the day when we can redeem for ourselves and show to the world the 220-year-old promise of our founders, that we are “One nation under God, indivisible , with lib
43、erty and justice for all.”C. Now answer the following questions briefly.1. What are the examples given in the speech to illustrate what hate crimes are?a. In a white suburb of Atlanta: an African-American couple was greeted with racial epithets as they moved into their new home; just a week later, t
44、heir home was sprayed with gunfire in the middle of the night.b. In Washington, D.C.: a gay man, forced at gunpoint to go under a bridge, was beaten viciously by three men.c. In Los Angeles: a Jewish students dormitory room was bombed and a swastika was drawn near the door.2. According to the speech
45、, what are the causes of hate crimes?Prejudice against certain race, religious faith, national origin, sexual orientation, gender, disability, etc. 3. According to the speech, where does intolerance and hatred begin?Quiet acts of indignity: the bigoted remark; the African American being followed by
46、a suspicious clerk; the gay or lesbian being denied a job; the Hispanic or Asian being targeted, etc.4. What measures are to be taken to fight against hate crimes?a. To mount an all-out assault on hate crimes;b. To punish them swiftly and severely;c. To do more to prevent them from happening in the first place;d. To take a serious look at the laws and remedies;e. To have frank and open dialogues.
