1、主谓一致是阶段的重要语法项目之一，从近年来中考的试题来看，对主谓一致的考查主要集中在以下内容：1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数；主语为复数时，谓语用复数。2、由 and 或 bothand 连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如： The poet and writer has come. 3、由 and 连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由 each, every, no 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： In our country every boy and every girl ha
2、s the right to receive education. 4、主语后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with ，as well as ，together with， along with，like 等引导的介词短语时 ，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。例如： The woman with two children is my aunt . 注意：主语和谓语之间插入了分词短语，谓语要与主语保持一致。 Mr Smith, followed by his wife and three children , has just arrived. 5、一些只有复数形式的名词，如 p
3、eople, police, cattle, clothes 等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。 6、集体名词 family, class, team, group 等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。 7、 当表示国家，城市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志，及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 The New York Times is reading all over the United States . 纽约时报 8、 news ，maths，physics ，politics 等词貌似复数，实为单数，其谓语动词用单数 . 9、 “the +形
4、容词”(如 the poor ，the rich ，the young， the old ， the dead ，the sick ，the brave 等)作主语，谓语动词往往用复数 10、由 each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。 11、有两部分构成的物体的名词，如 glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 注意：如果这类名词前用了 a pair of 等，则谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于 pair 的单复数形式。例如：Here are some ne
5、w pairs of shoes. My new pair of socks is on the bed. 12、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 13、不定代词由 all, most, more, some, any, none 作主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。 All of the work has been finished. All of the people have gone. 14、疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：
6、主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。 Who is your brother? Who are League members? 15、分数(百分数)+of + 名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于 of 后面的名词的数。 但要注意population 一词，用作整体时，谓语动词用单数，用其部分做主语时，谓语动词形式用复数。 Part of the work has been done by us . Ten percent of the apples were bad . The population of China is 13.6 billion and
7、70%of the population are peasants . 16、half, the rest 等表示不定数量的名词作主语时，如果所指为复数意义，动词用复数；如果所指为单数意义，动词用单数。例如： 17、由 what 引出的从句作主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式。 18、由连词 notbut, or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。 19、There be 句型、以 here 开头的句子谓语动词和
8、靠近的主语一致。 20、a number of 后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用复数形式；但 the number of 后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。 21、 “one or two +复数名词”做主语,谓语动词用复数。 22、 many a 单数名词 (许多) ； more than one 单数名词(不止一) 作主语，尽管意思是复数，但谓语动词还是用单数。注意： “more than +基数词复数名词”结构或“more 复数名词 than one 做主语时，谓语用复数。 Many a ship has been damaged in the storm. More than twe
9、nty students are playing football on the playground. More members than one are against your plan. 23、this kind of book=a book of this kind( 这种书) ，作主语，谓语用单数；this kind of men=men of this kind)，但 this kind of men 的谓语用单数， men of this kind=these kind of men 的谓语用复数。all kinds of 后跟复数名词，谓语用复数。 This kind of
10、men is dangerous. Men of this kind are dangerous. 24、在定语从句中主语是关系代词 who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。 注意：在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决 于 one 前是否有 the (only)、the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有 the only， 就用复数形式。 This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked He was
11、 the only one of the students who was late for school. 【技巧点拨】主谓一致方面的考题主要考知识的记忆情况。考查主谓一致的常见题型有单项选择，完型填空，翻译句子，单句改错，短文改错、同义句转换，时态填空等。做这类题时，必须找出句子的真正主语，然后根据记忆的知识作出判断。同时，要遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。 ：Each of the students_ a dictionary.(2004 资阳) A have B . is C. are D. has 例 2： How time flies! Ten years _ pass
12、ed. (2004 天津) A have B. has C. is D. are 例 3： Not only his parents but also his brother _to the Summer Palace. They havent been back. (2004 南通) A have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone 例4：Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Dahe Square.(2004 包头) A. are a number of deer B. are a number
13、 of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers 例 5：The Smiths _ sending e-mails _ letters.because it is faster.(2005 云南) A prefer , to writing B. prefer，to write C. prefers，to writing D. prefers，to write 例6：Everyone except Bill and Jim _there when the meeting began.(2005 黑龙江) A. was B. is C. are D. were 例 7：Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now.(2005 重庆)A.were B.is C.are D. was 例 8：Since 2000, Nanchang has become a new city. Everything _ A. are changed B. was changed C. has changed D. had changed
