1、初一上学期英语语法句型知识点概括unit1 My names Gina句型：1, Whats your name? My names Jenny. / Im Jenny. / Jenny.Whats your/his/her telephone/phone number? Its 555-3539.语法：1,形容词性物主代词：my(我的) your(你的) his/her/its(他/她/它的)our(我们的) your(你们的)their(他们的)后面需要接名词，修饰名词，做前置定语。 在句中可作主语，宾语等成分。主格：I you he/she/ it 在句中做主语，一般放句首，后面紧跟 a
2、m/is/are 及其他动词。词汇：1. my pron. 我的 形容词性物主代词还有 his，her，your2.由 name 构成的短语 first name 名字 last name 姓氏 family name 姓氏3.“电话号码”的表达方式： telephone number phone number4. 本单元出现的缩写有： Im = I am whats = what is its =it is5. answer n. 回答;答案(也可做动词“回答”，如 answer the questions)句式：1. What +be 动词+your(his/her) name? What
3、s your name?Whats his name? Whats her name?2. 自我介绍时常用语： My names Jenny. Im Gina.3.表达第一次和某人见面的高兴之情： Nice to meet you!4. 询问别人的电话号码： Whats your telephone number?5. 询问别人的姓氏常用语： Whats her family name?Unit2 Is this your pencil?词汇：1. pencil case 文具盒 pencil sharpener 铅笔刀 pen 钢笔 eraser 橡皮擦 ruler 尺子 backpack
4、双肩背包 dictionary 字典 2.指示代词：this 这个 that 那个 3. in English 用英语 4. ID card 身份证5. computer game 电子游戏 6. lost and found 失物招领 7. excuse me 打扰了 8. call sb. 给某人打电话 9. a set of 一套;一副句式：1. 询问某物品是否属于某人的问句及答语Is this/that your pencil?Yes, it is. Its my pencil.2. 询问某物用英语怎么说 Whats this in English?3. How do you spel
5、l sth.? How do you spell it?4. Whats +sth?询问某物是什么 Whats this? Its a watch.5. Call at sb. at +电话号码. Call Alan at 495-3539.Unit 3 This is my sister.词汇：1.称呼类词汇：sister 姐;妹 mother 妈妈 father 爸爸brother 兄;弟 grandmother 祖母;外祖母 grandfather 祖父;外祖父aunt 姑母;伯母;婶母 uncle 叔;伯;舅;姨夫 son 儿子cousin 表(堂)兄弟(姐妹) daughter 女儿
6、2. 本单元出现的缩写：thats = that is hes = he is3. 本单元出现的指示代词：these 这些 those 那些4. thanks for 为而感谢句式：1. This/that/These+ be 动词+ sbs This is his sister. That is my brother. These are his brother.2. be 动词+代词+Is this your sister? Is she your sister?3. Thanks for Thanks for the photo of your family.4. Here +be 动词
7、+ Here is my family photo.句型：1,Is this your sister? No, it isnt.Is she your sister? No, she isnt.2,This is my friend. These are my friends.That is my brother. Those are my brothers.3, Thanks for the photo of your family. Here is my family photo.photo of your family = your family photo语法：可数名词单数变复数：一般
8、情况下加 s, book-books， 以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾的加 eswatch-watches 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的，把 y 改为 i 再加 es boy- boys, family-families 以 o 结尾的有生命的加 es, 无生命的加 s, tomato-tomatoes, photo-photosUnit 4 Wheres my backpack?词汇：1.本单元出现的家具类词汇：table 桌子 bed 床 bookcase 书橱，书柜 sofa 沙发 chair 椅子 drawer 抽屉2.表位置的介词短语：under the table 在桌子下面 on
9、 the sofa 在沙发上 in the backpack 在双肩背包里 under the bed 在床下面 on the chair 在椅子上 on the dresser 在梳妆台上 on the table 在桌子上 in the drawer 在抽屉里 on the floor 在地板上 3.math book 数学书 4.alarm clock 闹钟 puter game 电脑游戏 6.video tape录像带 7.take sth. to sb.把某物带给某人take these things to your sister 把这些东西带给你姐姐 8.ID card 身份证9.
10、bring sth. to some place 把某物到给某地 bring some things to school 把一些物品带到学校 10.pencil case 铅笔盒 11.in the bedroom 在卧室 12.in the kitchen 在厨房句型：Wheres the baseball? Its in the backpack.语法: 1,询问人或物品在哪里，我们用 Where, 结构为 where+is/are+人/物品名称? “在哪里” 回答用 主语+is/are +in/at/under/on/near +地点注意：表示“在地方”地点前要用定冠词 the 或者形容
11、词性物主代词my/your/his/their 修饰，但是两者不能同时出现，我们可以说 in the room, in my room 但是绝对不可以 in the my room.词语用法:1, take v.带走， 把人或物品带到别的地方去，take to 把带到去bring v.带来，把人或物品从别的地方带到说话的地方来 bringto 把带到来2,please 后接动词用原形。句式：1.询问地点Where + be 动词 + sth. 答语It is/They are + 表位置的介词短语Wheres my backpack? Its under the table.Where are
12、 your books? Theyre on the chair.2.询问某物是否在某地的句型及答语Is the baseball on the sofa?No，it isnt. Its under the chair.Are they on the bed? No，theyre not.3.祈使句Please do sth. Please take these things to your sister4.can 引导的一般疑问句 Can you bring some things to school?5.倒装句Here + be 动词 + 主语 Here is my pen.Here ar
13、e some apples.Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?词汇：1.球类名词小结 soccer ball 英式足球 ping-pong ball 乒乓球 tennis 网球volleyball 排球 basketball 篮球2.“球拍”的表达 tennis racket 网球拍 ping-pong bat 乒乓球拍3.play + 名词 结构的短语 play sports 参加体育运动 play computer games 玩电脑游戏4.“play + 球类名词”结构的短语 play ping-pong ball 打乒乓球 play tennis 打网球
14、 play soccer 踢足球 play volleyball 打排球5.sports club 运动俱乐部 6.first name 名 last name=family name 姓7.watch TV 看电视 on TV 在电视上，通过电视8.常用的描述某物或某事的形容词：interesting 有趣的 fun 有趣的 relaxing 轻松的 boring 无聊的 difficult 困难的 9.have a great sports collection 有大量的体育收藏品 10.every day 每天句型: Do you have a TV? Yes, I do/No, I d
15、ont语法：1,句中不含 be(am,is,are)动词的 一般疑问句的变法。 也就是说句中谓语动词是实义动词时，要变为一般疑问句，在句首加 do/does(当主语是第三人称单数的时候用 does),第一人称变第二人称，动词变原形其他的语序不变。I have a computer. Do you have a computer? She likes playing ping-pang.- Does she like playing ping-pang.肯定回答用 yes, 主语+do/does.否定回答用 No,主语+dont/doesnt.2 一般句子中当主语是第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词要
16、起变化。具体的变化为：一般情况加 s, know-knows, 以 s,x,ch,sh,o 结尾的加 es, teach-teaches, go-goes, 以辅音字母加 y 结尾，把 y 改为 i, 再加 es study-studies3, do/does 叫做助动词(语法需要加上去翻译部出来的动词)时，后面接动词原形，Does he like reading? She doesnt like reading. She doesnt do her homework.但是如果做实义动词(能翻译出来意思的动词)呢，遇到主语第三人称单数就要起变化。She does her homework.4，
17、have 的第三人称单数为 has.5, let sb do sth 让某人做某事 (sb 代表人，如果是代词用宾格，do 代表动词原形)6，play+球类 表示“踢，打，玩” play footballplay+the+乐器 表示“弹奏乐器” play the piano句式：1.Do 引导的一般疑问句 Do you have a TV?Yes，I do. / No，I dont.Does he have a tennis racket? Yes，he does. / No，he doesnt.2.祈使句Lets do sth. Lets play ping-pong.3.主系表结构主语 +
18、 系动词 + 形容词 That sounds good.Unit 6 Do you like bananas?词汇：1.水果 banana 香蕉 orange 橙子 strawberry 草莓 pear 梨 apple 苹果2.蔬菜 tomato 西红柿 carrot 胡萝卜 broccoli 花椰菜3.食品 hamburger 汉堡包 French fries 薯条 ice cream 冰淇淋salad 沙拉 chicken 鸡肉 egg 鸡蛋4.countable nouns 可数名词 uncountable nouns 不可数名词5.running star 赛跑明星6.lots of
19、= a lot of 非常多，很多(后面既可跟可数名词复数，也可跟不可数名词)7.healthy food 健康食品8. have sth. for breakfast/lunch/dinner/dessert 早餐/中餐/晚餐/甜点吃句型：Do you like salad? Yes, I do./No, I dont.Does he like pears? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt.I like oranges. I dont like oranges.Running star eats lots of healthy food.语法：句中谓语动词是实义动词的
20、陈述句，变否定形式在实义动词前加 dontdoesnt(主语是第三人称单数时用 doesnt).like doing sth/like to do sth 喜欢做某事I like swimming. She likes to eat hamburgers.句式：1.询问某人是否喜欢某物的句型及答语Do/Does sb. like sth.? Yes，sb. do/does. No，sb. dont/doesnt.Do you like salad?Yes，I do./ No，I dont.Does he like pears?Yes，he does. / No，he doesnt.2.祈使句L
21、ets do sth. Lets have ice cream.3.一般现在时的肯定句及否定句 I like oranges. I dont like bananas.They like salad. They dont like broccoli.She likes bananas. She doesnt like ice cream.Unit 7 How much are these pants?词汇：1. how much (价钱)多少2. seven dollars 七美元 one/a dollar 一美元3.a pair of socks 一双袜子 two pairs of sock
22、s 两双袜子4. “颜色+名词”结构的短语有：red sweater 红毛衣 blue skirt 蓝裙子 black pants 黑裤子5. 由 help 构成的短语：help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事help sb. (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事6. want sth. 想买某物 want a sweater 想买一件毛衣7. what color 什么颜色8. at Huaxings=at Huaxing Clothes Store 在华兴服装店9. come and buy your clothes 来买你的衣服10.“like+名词”喜欢某物 like sw
23、eaters 喜欢毛衣11.at a very good price 以非常优惠的价格 12.bags for sports 运动包13. T-shirts in red=red T-shirts 红 T 恤衫14. socks for only￥5 each 每双袜子五元15. afford our prices 负担得起我们的价格 16. for yourself 亲自17. come to some place 来某个地方18. buy sth. from some place 从某地买某 buy skirt from Huaxing Clothes Store从华兴服装店买裙子19. sell sth. to sb. = sell sb. sth.把某物卖给某sell the bike to him = sell him the bike 卖给他自行车20. have a look 看一看;看一眼 have a look at = look at 看 21. on sale 廉价销售 for sale 等待出售
