1、直接引语间接引语,Direct and indirect speech,Phrases1,add up calm down have got to be concerned about walk the dog go through,合计 平静下来 不得不; 必须 关心; 挂念 遛狗 经历; 经受,revision:,cheat in exam make a list of reasons be crazy about far too much/many hold sb entirely in ones power get along with,考试作弊 列出理由 对狂热; 爱好 太多 控制住
2、/摆布某人与相处；进展,hide away set down a series of on purpose in order to face to face,躲藏; 隐藏 放下；记下; 登记 一连串的; 一系列; 一套 故意 为了 面对面地,直接引语和间接引语,Direct and Indirect Speech,基本概念,直接引述别人的原话。通常都用引号“”括起来。,用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。,直接引语,间接引语,The shoes are too big for me.,What did he say?,He said the shoes wer
3、e too big for him,Presentation,Boys act one cartoon figure and says something. Teacher asks “What did he/she say?” Girls act the other cartoon figure and answer the teachers question. Then boys and girls exchange.,She said she had been to many countries.,She said she would call on you the next day.,
4、I am good at dancing.,I have been to many countries.,I will call on you tomorrow.,I visited the Great Wall yesterday.,She said she had visited the Great Wall the day before.,She said she was good at dancing.,结论一,直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.,解题步骤:,1.陈述句:,“I dont like c
5、omputers,” Sarah said to Tom.,Sarah said to Tom,that,I dont like computers.,didnt,she,Sarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.,Do you like flowers?,She asked me whether/if I liked flowers?,Where are you going for your holiday?,She asked me where I were going for my holiday.,结论二,直接引语是
6、疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。 直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。 直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。,2.一般疑问句: Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil? ( They asked him ),They asked him,if,It is easy to improve the condition of the soil.,was,They asked him if it was easy to improve the condition o
7、f the soil.,3.特殊疑问句： When do you harvest the wheat ? ( They asked him ),They asked him,When,you harvest the wheat,he,harvested,They asked him when he harvested the wheat.,He ordered/told me to be quiet!,Be quiet!,He ordered/told me not to make noise.,Dont make noise!,Follow me, please!,He asked me t
8、o follow him.,结论三,直接引语是祈使句，变成间接语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，否定句，在动词不定式前加not或never.并根据语气的不同在动词不定前加tell, ask, order ,beg ，advise等动词。,1、人称的变化,一 随 主,二随宾,第三 人称 不变,引号内的第一人 称变间引后与主 句主语的人称保 持一致,引号内的第二人 称变间引后与主 句宾语的人称保 持一致,引号内的第三人 称在变间引后人 称不变,She said,“ I like Tennis.”,She said that sheliked tennis.,He said to Lily, “ you
9、 must get up early.”,He told Lily thatshe must get upearly.,She said to me , “ They want to help him.”,She told me that they wanted to help him.,：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新,直接引语,间接引语,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般过去时,过去完成时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,2.时态的变化,过去完成时,过去完成时,注意：下列情况时态不变。1）不变的真理。2）经常的习惯。 3）历史的事件。,直接引语,间接引语,
10、指示代词,时 间 状 语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,that day,this week,that week,yesterday,the day before,last week,the week before,four days ago,four days before,the day before yesterday,two days before,tomorrow,the next day,next month,the next month,here,there,come,go,bring,take,、其他特殊变化,3
11、,注意事项,1)人称 2)时态 3)相应的时间地点状语 4)标点符号 5)大小写 6)问号改为句号 7)语序-疑问改陈述 8)宾语从句由什么引出 9)祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述,4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me.,The teacher asked me why I was late again.,实战演练,1. He said , “I m afraid I cant finish this work.”,2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.”3.Tom sai
12、d “I will see you next week.”,He said that he were afraid he couldnt finish that work.,He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.,Tom said that he would see me the next week.,Sarah said she didnt like swimming.,5. “I dont like swimming,” said Sarah.,The teacher said，“Dont be late，Mary. ”The tea
13、cher told _. A. Mary not to be late B. Mary to be not late C. Mary are not late D. not to be late 2. He asked her，“Where are you going?”He asked her _. A. where she were going B. where she was going toC. where she was going D. where she is going,巩固提高,3. The lady said，“I shall go there on time. ”The
14、lady said that _. A. she would come there on time B. she would come here on timeC. she would got here on time D. he would got here on time 4. He said to me，“I wrote to my father yesterday. ”He told me he had written to his father _. A. the yesterday B. before today C. the day before D. the next day,
15、5. The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the bus?”The teacher asked _ for the bus. A. if I was waiting B. was I waiting C. you are waiting D. I was waiting 6. The professor said that light _ faster than sound. A. travels B. traveled C. travel D. traveled 7. My mother asked me to show my homework to
16、 her. My mother said to me，“Show _ homework. ”A. her my B. me your C. her your D. me his,8. Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallenC. should fall D. were to fall 9
17、. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.A. dare to say B. dare sayingC. not dare say D. dared say,Related exercises:,He asked _ for the violin. Did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. who is he B. who he is C. w
18、ho is it D. who it is 3. Can you tell me _? how good is his spoken English B. how well his spoken English is C. how well he speaks English D. how good he can speak English,4. He said that he had bought the jacket_. before three days B. three days before C. three days ago D. last week 5. Did you say_
19、? A. that what he said was true B. that it was true that he said C. what did he say was true D. what he said it was true 6. Please tell me _ from. where do you come B. where you come C. where you will come D. there you come,7. Ask her _ come with us. if she will B. if or not she will C. that if she
20、will D. whether will she 8. The driver said that he _ pick _ a passenger at west street. will, up B. would, up C. will, out D. would, out 9. He said he _ in 1993. has born B. had been born C. had born D. was born 10. John _ me he was going to help me with my English. A. explained B. spoke C. told D. said,讲义答案：1. Try to change direct speech into indirect speech :,He said that the earth goes around the sun.,He said that the train leaves at 7:30 p.m.,He said that Rome isnt built in a day.,Tom said he was born in July, 1978.,2. Choose the correct answer.,1-5 CACAB 6-10 BACBD,
