1、英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：中国历史与文化 秋千 swing 功夫 Kungfo 太极 Tai Chi 秦腔 Qin opera 京剧 Peking opera 皮影戏 shadow play 木偶戏 puppet show 口 技 ventriloquism 折子戏 opera highlights 杂技 acrobatics 刺绣 embroidery 苏绣 Suzhou embroidery 泥人 clay figure 书法 calligraphy 景泰蓝 cloisonne 武术 martial arts 道教 Taoism 墨家 Mohism 法家 Legalism 佛教 Buddh
2、ism 孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius 老子 Lao Tzu 庄子 Chuang Tzu 墨子 Mo Tzu 孙子 Sun Tzu 儒家思想 Confucianism 中国结 Chinese knot 火药 gunpowder 印刷术 printing 造纸术 paper-making 指南针 the compass 青铜器 bronze ware 瓷器 porcelain; china 儒家文化 Confucian culture 相声 witty dialogue comedy 水墨画 Chinese brush painting 象形文字 pictographic cha
3、racters 中国画 traditional Chinese painting 唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China 文房四宝(笔墨纸观)the Four Treasures of the Studybr (ush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone) 孟子The Mencius 孙子兵法The Art of War 三国演义Three Kingdoms西游记Journey to the West 大
4、学The Great Learning 史记Historical Records 诗经The Book of Songs 礼记The Book of Rites 中庸The Doctrine of the Mean 论语The Analects of Confucius 水浒传Heroes of the Marshes 资治通鉴History as a Mirror 春秋The Spring and Autumn Annals 红楼梦Dream of the Red Mansions 山海经The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 易经The I Ching; T
5、he Book of Changes 三字经Three-character Scriptures 闰年 leap year 唐装 Tang suit 旗袍 cheongsam 阳历 Solar calendar 阴历 Lunar calendar 十二生肖 zodiac 庙会 temple fair 爆竹 firecracker 春联 spring couplets 舞龙 dragon dance 八股文 eight-part essay 中山装 Chinese tunic suit 春节 the Spring Festival 压岁钱 New Year gift-money 元宵节 the
6、Lantern Festival 清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day 中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节 the Double-ninth Day 七夕节 the Double-seventh Day 端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival 风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen 五言绝句 five-character quatrain 七言律诗 seven-character octave 年画(traditional) New Year pictures 元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings 花灯
7、festival lantern 灯谜 lantern riddle 胡同 hutong 火锅 hot pot 月饼 moon cake 年糕 rice cake 舞狮 lion dance 豆浆 soybean milk 馒头 steamed buns 粤菜 Canton cuisine 川菜 Sichuan cuisine 踩高跷 stilt walking 豆腐 tofu; bean curd 麻花 fried dough twist 烧饼 clay oven rolls 赛龙舟 dragon boat race 山东菜 Shandong cuisine 扬州菜 Yangzhou cui
8、sine 糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks 蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg 油条 deep-fried dough sticks 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 包子 steamed stuffed buns 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck 拉面 hand-stretched noodles 馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup) 皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg 泰山 Mount Tai 蛾眉山 Mount Emei 烽火台 beacon tower 五台山“Wutai Mountain
9、 九华山 Jiuhua Mountain 丝绸之路 the Silk Road 故宫 the Imperial Palace 敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes 天坛 the Temple of Heaven 华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs 大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda 长城 the Great Wall of China 兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses 黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain 秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihua
10、ng 喇嘛 Lama 西湖 West Lake 鼓楼 drum tower 护城河 the Moat 回音壁 Echo Wall 午门 Meridian Gate 大运河 Grand Canal 十三陵 the Ming Tombs 日月潭 Sun Moon Lake 布达拉宫 Potala Palace 孔庙 Confucius Temple 居庸关 Juyongguan Pass 苏州园林 Suzhou gardens 九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley 乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha 九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall 四合院 quadrangle
11、; courtyard complex 黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：中国经济 猎头公司 head-hunter 人力资本 human capital 轻工业 light industry 总需求 aggregate demand 总供给 aggregate supply 博彩业 lottery industry 假日经济 holiday economy 汽车制造工业 car industry 垄断行业 monopoly industries
12、电子工业 electronic industry 娱乐业 entertainment industry 信息产业 information industry 制造业 manufacturing industry 飞机制造工业 aircraft industry 航空和航天工业 aerospace industry 市场多元化 market diversification 跨国公司 cross-national corporation 外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise 企业文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企业形象 corpora
13、te image (Cl); enterprise image 创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry 国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 关税 tariff 业主 home owner 纳税人 tax payer 牛市 bull market 首付 down-payment 硬资产 hard assets 软资产 soft assets 通货膨胀 inflation 房地产 real estate
14、硬着陆 hard landing 软着陆 soft landing 城镇化 urbanization 贴现率 discount rate 购买力 purchasing power 宏观经济 macro economy 市场经济 market economy 泡沫经济 bubble economy 经济增长 economic growth 有形资产 tangible assets 经济走廊 economic corridor 财政部长 Finance Minister 经济活力 economic vitality 抑制通货膨胀 curb inflation 市场监管 market supervi
15、sion 流动性过剩 excess liquidity 经济过热 overheated economy 注入流动性 to inject liquidity 二十国集团 Group of Twenty (G2O) 经济全球化 economic globalization 货币投放量 the size of money supply 经济特区 special economic zones (SEZ) 个人购房贷款 individual housing loan 稳健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy 公开市场业务 open market operation (OMO) 微调
16、货币政策 to fine-tune monetary policy 存款准备金率 reserve requirement ratio (RRR) 逆回购 reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo 引导降低市场借贷成本 to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 全年预期经济增长目标 the expected growth target for the whole year 大规模经济刺激计划 a massive economic stimulus package 结构改革 structur
17、al reform 整顿市场秩序 to rectify the market order 反垄断 antitrust; anti-monopoly 定价浮动 price fluctuations 谋求利益最大化 to maximize profit 债务审计 audit of debt 地方性政府债务 local government debt/liability 公共财政体制改革 an overhaul of the public finance system 债务管理 debt management 信用支持 credit support英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：中国社会 名人 celeb
18、rity 青春期 puberty 走私 smuggling 文盲 illiteracy 班车 shuttle bus 享乐主义 hedonism 单亲 single parent 民工 migrant laborers 文化适应 acculturation 社会保障 social security 性骚扰 sexual harassment 法制观念 awareness of law 福利彩票 welfare lotteriesy 盗版 pirated/illegal copies 南北对话 North-South Dialog 年龄歧视 age discrimination 工作歧视 job
19、 discrimination 多元文化论 cultural pluralism 全国人口普查 nationwide census 南南合作 South-South Cooperation 一国两制 One Country, Two Systems 独生子女 the only child in a family 三个代表 the Three Represents Theory 性别歧视 gender/sexual discrimination 家政服务 household management service 相定迁户 a relocated unit or household 全民健身运动
20、nationwide fitness campaign 农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers 两会(人大、政协)Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 人大常委会 Peoples Congress Standing Committee 法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system 贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor 大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age 人大代表 NPC me
21、mber 大学城 college town 公务员 civil servants 计划生育 family planning 民族精神 national spirit 高等教育 higher education 大学社区 college community 充电 update ones knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 居委会 neighborhood committee 普选制 general election system 领土完整 territorial integrity 改革开放 reform and opening-up 和谐并存 harmoni
22、ous coexistence 两岸关系 cross-straits relations 可持续发展 sustainable development 两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations 廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency 官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work 毕业生分配 graduate placement; assignment of graduate 求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences 计划生育基本国策 the basic sta
23、te policy of family planning 青才申文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization 科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education 基础课 basic courses 课程表 school schedule 教育界 education circle 专业课 specialized courses 教育投入 input in education 学习年限 period of schooling 选修课 elective/optional course 必修
24、课 required/compulsory course 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 课外活动 extracurricular activities 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts 高校扩招 the college expansion plan 高分低能 high scores and low abilities 高等学府 institution of higher education 师范学院 teachers college; normal college 九年
25、义务教育 nine-year compulsory education 高考(university/college) entrance examination 考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering 高等教育“211 工程”the “211 Project” for higher education 学分 credit 不结盟 non-alignment 人口出生率 birth rate 盗用公款 embezzlement
26、共同愿望 common desire 单边主义 unilateralism 道德法庭 court of ethics 人才交流 talent exchange 多边政策 multilateralism 多极世界 multipolar world 小康社会 a well-off society 社区月服务 community service “走出去”(战略)going global 小康水平 a well-off standard 启发式教学 heuristic teaching 人口老龄化 aging of population 学历 record of formal schooling 成
27、人夜校 night school for adults 与时俱进 keep pace with the times 综合国力 overall national strength 在职进修班 on-job training courses 一个中国原则 the one-China principle 人才战 competition for talented people 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC) 政治思想教育 political and ideological education 物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization 适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age 升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate
