1、丝绸,中国是丝绸的故乡。栽桑、养蚕、缫丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大发明。商周时期丝绸的生产技术就已发展到相当高的水平。西汉时张骞通西域，把中原与波斯湾、地中海紧密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。从此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精美的花色和丰富的文化内涵闻名于世。成为中国文化的象征。东方文明的使者。, 中国是丝绸的故乡。,China is the home of silk.,栽桑、养蚕、缫（sao）丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大发明。,Mulberry planting, sericulture, silk reeling and weaving are all great invention
2、s of the ancient Chinese.,商周时期丝绸的生产技术就已发展到相当高的水平。,As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the Chinese peoples silk-weaving techniques had reached an extremely high level.,西汉时张骞通西域，把中原与波斯湾、地中海紧密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。,During the Western Han Dynasty， Zhang Qian, an outstanding diplomat, traveled around
3、central Asia and connected China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a new era of Sino-foreign trade, exchange and communication.,从此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精美的花色和丰富的文化内涵闻名于世。,From then on, Chinas silk became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color, and abundant
4、culture connotations.,成为中国文化的象征，东方文明的使者。,Hitherto, Chinese silk has been accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental civilization.,饺子,饺子是深受中国人民喜爱的传统食品。相传为古代医圣张仲景发明。 饺子的制作是包括： 1） 擀皮、2） 备馅、3） 包馅水煮三个步骤。其特点是皮薄馅嫩，味道鲜美，形状独特，百食不厌。民间有“好吃不过饺子”的俗语。中国人接亲待客、逢年过节都有包饺子吃的习俗，寓意吉利。对崇尚亲情的中国人来
5、说，“更岁交子”吃饺子，更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新必不可少的内容。,饺子是深受中国人民喜爱的传统食品。,Dumplings are one of the Chinese peoples favorite traditional dishes.,相传为古代医圣张仲景发明。,According to an ancient Chinese legend, dumplings were first made by the medical saint-Zhang Zhongjing.,饺子的制作是包括： 1） 擀皮、2） 备馅、3） 包馅水煮三个步骤。,There are three steps invol
6、ved in making dumplings: 1) make dumpling wrappers out of dumpling flour; 2) prepare the dumpling stuffing; 3) make dumplings and boil them.,其特点是皮薄馅嫩，味道鲜美，形状独特，百食不厌。,With thin and elastic dough skin, fresh and tender stuffing, delicious taste, and unique shapes, dumplings are worth eating hundreds o
7、f times.,Theres an old saying that claims, “Nothing could be more delicious than dumplings”.,民间有“好吃不过饺子”的俗语。,中国人接亲待客、逢年过节都有包饺子吃的习俗，寓意吉利。,During the Spring Festival and other holidays, or when treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the auspicious custom of eating dumplings.,To
8、Chinese people who show high reverence for family love, having dumplings at the moment the old year is replaced by the new is an essential part of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new year.,对崇尚亲情的中国人来说，“更岁交子”吃饺子，更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新必不可少的内容。,筷子,中国人使用筷子就餐的方式在世界上独树一帜。有史记载用筷的历史已有三千多年。 筷子古时称为箸，它看似简
9、单，但却同时具有夹、拨、挑、扒、拌、撮、戳、撕等多种功能。中国民间视筷子为吉祥之物，如婚俗中将筷子隐喻为快生贵子的祝福等。与使用刀叉以及手抓的 方式不同，成双结对的筷子含有“和为贵“的意蕴。 西方人赞誉筷子是古老的东方文明。,中国人使用筷子就餐的方式在世界上独树一帜。,The Chinese way of eating with chopsticks is unique in the world.,有史记载用筷的历史已有三千多年。,The recorded history of chopsticks started more than three thousand years ago.,筷子古
10、时称为箸，它看似简单，但却同时具有夹、拨、挑、扒、拌、撮、戳、撕等多种功能。,Chopsticks were named zhu in ancient Chinese. They look deceptively simple to use, but possess multi-functions, such as clamping, turning over, lifting up, raking, stirring, scooping, poking, tearing, and so on.,中国民间视筷子为吉祥之物，如婚俗中将筷子隐喻为快生贵子的祝福等。,Chopsticks are t
11、aken as an auspicious mascot by ordinary people in China. For example, they are often used by people as a metaphor at weddings to indicate a blessing for the couple to have a baby soon.,Unlike using a knife and fork or ones own hands, a pair of chopsticks also implies the meaning of “Harmony is what
12、 matters”. Chopsticks are highly praised by Westerners as a hallmark of ancient oriental civilization.,与使用刀叉以及手抓的 方式不同，成双结对的筷子含有“和为贵“的意蕴。 西方人赞誉筷子是古老的东方文明。,Chopsticks are highly praised by Westerners as a hallmark of ancient oriental civilization. (symbol), 西方人赞誉筷子是古老的东方文明。,文房四宝 Four Treasures of the
13、 Study,笔墨纸砚是中国古代文人书房当中必备的宝贝，被称为“文房四宝”。用笔墨书写绘画在中国可追溯到五千年前。 秦时已用不同硬度的毛和竹管制笔；汉代以人工制墨替代了天然墨；有了纸张以后，简牍锦帛逐失其用；砚台则随笔墨的使用而发展。“文房四宝”到宋朝以后特指湖笔、徽墨、宣纸、端砚。8)可以说文房四宝书写了整个中华文明。,笔墨纸砚是中国古代文人书房当中必备的宝贝，被称为“文房四宝”。,The writing brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone were requisite treasures in the study of the scholars o
14、f ancient China, and they are often referred to as the “Four Treasures of the Study.”,用笔墨书写绘画在中国可追溯到五千年前。,The writing brush and ink stick have been used by the Chinese to write and paint since 5,000 years ago.,秦时已用不同硬度的毛和竹管制笔；,In the Qin Dynasty, people already used feathers of different hardness an
15、d bamboo trunks to make brushes.,汉代以人工制墨替代了天然墨；,During the Han Dynasty, man-made ink was used instead of natural ink.,After paper was invented by the Chinese, bamboo slips, wooden tablets, brocade and silk, which originally functioned as writing surfaces, gradually faded out.,有了纸张以后，简牍锦帛逐失其用；,砚台则随笔墨
16、的使用而发展。,The ink stone was first developed with the use of writing brushes and ink.,“文房四宝”到宋朝以后特指湖笔、徽墨、宣纸、端砚。,After the Song Dynasty , the “Four Treasure of the Study” particularly referred to hubi, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, Zhejiang province; huimo, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, Anh
17、ui province; xuanzhi, a kind of paper produced in Xuanzhou, Anhui province; and duanyan, the ink stone made in Zhaoqing, Guangdong province (Zhaoqing was earlier called Duanzhou).,8)可以说文房四宝书写了整个中华文明。,Indeed, the Four Treasures of the Study” have written the whole Chinese civilization.,节日经济,作为一种新的经济现
18、象，假日经济（holiday economy）已成为人们关注的热点。假日经济的现象表明：随着生活水平的提高，消费结构已呈多元化。 中国人的消费观念也在繁荣的（booming）假日经济中趋向成熟。消费者对基本生活必需品的传统需求已转变为对休闲、舒适和改善的需求。因此，产品结构应该做出相应的调整，来适应社会的发展和满足人们提高生活质量的要求。,作为一种新的经济现象，假日经济（holiday economy）已成为人们关注的热点。,As a new economic phenomenon, holiday economy has become a topic of a general interes
19、t.,假日经济的现象表明：随着生活水平的提高，消费结构已呈多元化。,This phenomenon demonstrates that with the improvement of living standards comes the diversification of consumption structure.,中国人的消费观念也在繁荣的（booming）假日经济中趋向成熟。,Chinese people have gradually acquired a mature concept of consumption amidst the booming holiday economy.
20、,消费者对基本生活必需品的传统需求已转变为对休闲、舒适和改善的需求。,Consumers traditional demand for basic daily necessities has given way to demand for leisure, comfort and improvement.,Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development and satisfy peoples demand for a higher quality
21、 of life.,因此，产品结构应该做出相应的调整，来适应社会的发展和满足人们提高生活质量的要求。,中国人的购买力,随着越来越多的中国人走出国门，中国人境外消费数额在快速增长。中国人在海外购买的奢侈品数量至少是在国内购买的奢侈品的两倍。在国外旅行时，人们经常光顾特色商店，带回该国有代表性的纪念品（souvenir）或在国内买不到的礼物。其中，化妆品最受中国游客青睐。服装、皮革制品业是中国游客的消费热点。中国人的国际购买力在一定程度上拉动了很多国家的经济增长。,随着越来越多的中国人走出国门，中国人境外消费数额在快速增长。,As more and more Chinese travel abro
22、ad, the volume of overseas consumption is surging.,中国人在海外购买的奢侈品数量至少是在国内购买的奢侈品的两倍。,Chinese purchase at least twice the amount of luxury goods overseas than they do inside China.,在国外旅行时，人们经常光顾特色商店，带回该国有代表性的纪念品（souvenir）或在国内买不到的礼物。,During overseas trips, people often visit specialty shops, where thay p
23、urchase and bring back souvenirs typical of the country or gifts unavailable in China.,其中，化妆品最受中国游客青睐。,Among them, cosmetics are most favored by Chinese tourists.,Clothes and leather products are also high on their shopping list.,服装、皮革制品业是中国游客的消费热点。,To some extent, the economic growth of many countr
24、ies has been boosted by the international purchasing power of Chinese.,中国人的国际购买力在一定程度上拉动了很多国家的经济增长。,山寨,山寨（copycatting）是一种新兴的、流行的社会现象用语 。山寨物品的主要特点为仿造性、快速化、平民化。主要表现形式为通过私人小作坊（individual workshop）制作，快速模仿著名品牌，涉及手机、数码产品、游戏机等不同领域。如今，网络上各种各样的东西都有山寨版，如山寨版手机、山寨版电脑、山寨版鸟巢，甚至山寨版明星等。,山寨（copycatting）是一种新兴的、流行的社会现
25、象用语 。,Shanzhai (copycatting) is a new and popular term used to describe a certain social phenomenon.,山寨物品的主要特点为仿造性、快速化、平民化。,Main features of copycatting products are as follows: they are counterfeits; they are produced quickly and their consumers are ordinary people.,主要表现形式为通过私人小作坊（individual worksh
26、op）制作，快速模仿著名品牌，涉及手机、数码产品、游戏机等不同领域。 。,These products are mainly produced by individual workshops to quickly imitate famous brands of various fields such as cell phones, digital product and video game players.,如今，网络上各种各样的东西都有山寨版，如山寨版手机、山寨版电脑、山寨版鸟巢，甚至山寨版明星等。,Nowadays, everything on the Internet has its
27、 copycatting version such as shanzhai cell phones, shanzhai computers, shanzhai Birds nest and even shanzhai star.,团购,团购是一种正式或非正式的有序组团购物，是一种新兴的购物方式。团购的出现可以使人们低价买到物品或服务。团购最初只通过大型网络购物平台出售商品，比如淘宝网。随后，其他团购网站也逐渐地发展起来，现有团购专营店2000多家。但团购商品的质量参差不齐，对团购网站的投诉也是与日俱增，政府应对团购网站加大监管力度。,团购是一种正式或非正式的有序组团购物，是一种新兴的购物方式。
28、,As an emerging way of shopping, Tuangou refers to group purchasing organized on a formal or informal basis.,团购的出现可以使人们低价买到物品或服务。,Group purchasing allows people to buy products and services at discounted rates.,团购最初只通过大型网络购物平台出售商品，比如淘宝网。,At first, only large online shopping platforms such as Taobao
29、sold commodities through group purchasing.,随后，其他团购网站也逐渐地发展起来，现有团购专营店2000多家。,But later, other group purchasing websites came into being. Now, there are more than 2000 specialized group-buying online stores.,但团购商品的质量参差不齐，对团购网站的投诉也是与日俱增，政府应对团购网站加大监管力度。,However, the quality of group buying products vari
30、es greatly and there have been increasing complaints against group purchasing websites. Therefore, the government should strengthen supervision of group purchasing websites.,丝绸,中国是丝绸的故乡。栽桑、养蚕、缫丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大发明。商周时期丝绸的生产技术就已发展到相当高的水平。西汉时张骞通西域，把中原与波斯湾、地中海紧密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。从此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精美的花色和丰富的文化
31、内涵闻名于世。成为中国文化的象征。东方文明的使者。, 中国是丝绸的故乡。,China is the home of silk.,栽桑、养蚕、缫（sao）丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大发明。,Mulberry planting, sericulture, silk reeling and weaving are all great inventions of the ancient Chinese.,商周时期丝绸的生产技术就已发展到相当高的水平。,As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the Chinese peoples silk-weaving t
32、echniques had reached an extremely high level.,西汉时张骞通西域，把中原与波斯湾、地中海紧密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。,During the Western Han Dynasty， Zhang Qian, an outstanding diplomat, traveled around central Asia and connected China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a new era of Sino-foreign trade, exch
33、ange and communication.,从此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精美的花色和丰富的文化内涵闻名于世。,From then on, Chinas silk became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color, and abundant culture connotations.,成为中国文化的象征，东方文明的使者。,Hitherto, Chinese silk has been accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emiss
34、ary of oriental civilization.,秧歌舞 Yangko,秧歌舞是中国汉族的一种民间传统舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。 秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服装，他们的表演动作有力迅速。 在农历春节、元宵节等节日期间，人们一旦听到锣鼓声，不管外面天气有多冷，他们都会蜂拥到街上看秧歌舞表演。 近年来，中国东北某些城市的老年人自发组织了了秧歌队。 队员常年通过跳秧歌舞来保持健康，同事他们也乐在其中。,秧歌舞是中国汉族的一种民间传统舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。,Yangko is one of tradition folk dance of Han in China. It is usu
35、ally performed in northern provinces.,秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服装，他们的表演动作有力迅速。,The dancers usually wear colorful and light costumes, and the performance is powerful and rapid.,在农历春节、元宵节等节日期间，人们一旦听到锣鼓声，不管外面天气有多冷，他们都会蜂拥到街上看秧歌舞表演。,During some festivals such as Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, if people hear th
36、e sound of drum and gong, no matter how cold the weather is , they will come to streets in swarm and appreciate the Yangko.,近年来，中国东北某些城市的老年人自发组织了了秧歌队。,Recent years, old people in Chinas northeastern cities organized the team of Yangko by themselves.,队员常年通过跳秧歌舞来保持健康，同时他们也乐在其中。,The teamers keep their
37、health by dancing Yangko the whole and find great pleasure in it.,成为中国文化的象征，东方文明的使者。,Hitherto, Chinese silk has been accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental civilization.,九寨沟,九寨沟位于四川省北部南屏县境内，是一条纵深40余千米的山沟谷地，因周围有9个藏族村寨而得名。九寨沟面积约620平方千米，其间有翡翠般的湖泊，美妙绝伦，有迭起的瀑布，有五彩斑斓的森林，还有雪山和
38、藏族村寨，浑然一体 。沟中地僻人稀，景物特意，富于原始自然风貌，有“通话世界”之誉。河谷地带有大小湖泊100多处，清澈见底，纯净天然，其中的“五花海”，湖底为沉积石，色彩斑斓，在阳光照射下，呈现出缤纷色彩。,南方私家花园 South Private Garden,南方私家花园中的溪、桥、山、亭，小巧玲珑，充满自然美，让人觉得赏心悦目。园内小溪虽占地不多，却同小桥与假山相得益彰。 走廊是中国园林的另一大特色，让游客可以观赏园内的各处景观。走廊上有形态各异的窗户，许多窗户的图案也都非常美丽，让游客可以透过窗户将园内的佳境尽收眼底。 隐藏在鲜花和树木中的白墙，与灰瓦褐窗形成强烈的反差，让园中的游客，
39、在这室外桃园里享受片刻的安宁。,南方私家花园中的溪、桥、山、亭，小巧玲珑，充满自然美，让人觉得赏心悦目。,Small and delicate, with natural beauty, the streams, bridges, rockeries and pavilion of a south private garden are pleasing to the eye.,园内小溪虽占地不多，却同小桥与假山相得益彰。,Steams in these gardens do not cover a large area, but fit in well with bridges and roc
40、keries.,走廊是中国园林的另一大特色，让游客可以观赏园内的各处景观。,Corridors form another feature of Chinese gardens, along which visitors can appreciate the garden from different views.,走廊上有形态各异的窗户，许多窗户的图案也都非常美丽，让游客可以透过窗户将园内的佳境尽收眼底。,Corridors are dotted by windows of various shapes arranged in beautiful patterns, through which
41、 tourists can have an excellent view of the garden.,隐藏在鲜花和树木中的白墙，与灰瓦褐窗形成强烈的反差，让园中的游客，在这室外桃园里享受片刻的安宁。,Hidden among the flowers and trees are the white walls, which stand in sharp contrast to the gray tiles and brown windows. Visitors to the gardens can enjoy a moment of peace in such a paradise.,豫园,豫
42、园是上海著名的古典园林，已有400多年的历史。花园设计独特，具有明清两代南方的建筑艺术风格。 园内共有40余景，景色自然迷人，亭台楼阁、假山池塘和谐对称、协调均衡，其布局之精致自古闻名江南。豫园原为明代一位大官的私家花园，始建于1559年，知道20年后才建成。 此后曾几次变迁，屡遭摧残。所幸的是，1949年上海解放时，园内的主要景点尚保存完好无损。从1956年开始，豫园经过多次修缮重现其昔日光彩。,豫园是上海著名的古典园林，已有400多年的历史。,Yuyuan Garden is a renowned classical garden in Shanghai with over 400 yea
43、rs of history.,花园设计独特，具有明清两代南方的建筑艺术风格。,Unique in design, the garden illustrates the architectural styles of south China during the Ming and Qing dynasties .,园内共有40余景，景色自然迷人，亭台楼阁、假山池塘和谐对称、协调均衡，其布局之精致自古闻名江南。,Boasting over 40 enchanting scenic spots, the garden has long been known in south China for it
44、s delicate and elegant layout, with pavilions, pagodas, ponds and rockeries in harmonious symmetry and coordinating balance.,豫园原为明代一位大官的私家花园，始建于1559年，直到20年后才建成。,The garden, originally a private garden of a governor in the Ming Dynasty, was initiated in 1559 and not complete until two decades later.,
45、此后曾几次变迁，屡遭摧残。,The garden experienced several vicissitudes and was repeatedly destroyed over the years.,所幸的是，1949年上海解放时，园内的主要景点尚保存完好无损。,Fortunately, its major scenic spots remained intact in 1949 when Shanghai was liberated.,从1956年开始，豫园经过多次修缮重现其昔日光彩,The garden regained all its former splendor after several renovations, the first of which began in 1956.,
