1、1动词的时态和语态一） 一般现在时（表日常行为、习惯、客观情况或按计划安排好的行为等） ；常见的时间状语有：every day, every morning, often, usually, always, sometimes, once a week, every other day 等。一般现在时有一个要把握的重点是：第三人称单数作主语时，谓语动词要加 s 或 es。第三人称单数常指单个的人、人名、物体、动物或指示代词等。如：he, she, it, the boy, a man, Liping, my brother, our English teacher, a dog, a city
2、, the river 等。观察下列句子，并把它们改成否定句：1. Lilei has his breakfast at 6:00 every morning.2. My father watches TV every evening.3. My parents watch TV every evening.4. Jack goes to work at 7:30 on weekdays.5. Tim often plays football with his classmates in the afternoon.6. They often play football in the afte
3、rnoon.7. There are 60 students in our class.8. Liming is very interested in physics.翻译下列句子：1 李东每天做运动，他的身体很强壮。_2 李明喜欢玩电脑游戏。_3 他们通常晚饭后去散步。_4 李阳是中国人，但他的英语讲得非常棒。_5李平学习非常刻苦，又常常帮助同学，但他不喜欢做运动。_二)一般过去时（表示在过去的某个时间发生的动作或状态，常跟表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, the day before yesterday, yesterday morning/evening, last ni
4、ght, last year, last summer, last week, 10 years ago, a moment ago, just now(刚才), in 1999, the other day(前几天), in the past, 等）观察下列句子，并把它们改成否定句：1 My head teacher was in the office just now.2 I stayed at home last night.3 They lived in Africa 10 years ago.4 They enjoyed themselves at the party last Sa
5、turday night.翻译下列句子：1 我昨天下午在超市买了一双运动鞋。_2 上个星期天我和父母去了动物园，我们在那儿玩得很开心。_3. 我前几天给叔叔写了一封信。2_4. 那位音乐家上周就离开伦敦了。_三)现在进行时（1）表示正在进行的动作；（2）表示当前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的动作；基本句式（主语+(am, are, is)+doing）1观察下列句子，并把它们改成否定句：2 The secretary is writing a report in the office (now).3 The students of Class 3 are planting trees on th
6、e hill.4 He is living in the countryside.翻译下列句子：1. 我妈妈在看电视，父亲在看报纸。_2瞧! 我们班的男孩子在踢足球。_四）过去进行时（表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作）基本句式（主语+waswere+doing）观察下列句子（注意句子的时间状语）1. I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night.2. We were having a chemistry lesson this time yesterday.3. He was writing an article last week but h
7、e hasnt finished it yet.4. Mother was cooking when I got home.5. While we were having supper, John was talking on the phone.6. We were walking on the street when suddenly we saw a traffic accident.翻译下列句子：1 昨天下午 4：00 我们在进行排球比赛。_2 昨天这个时候我们在实验室做实验。_3. 当我到达火车站的时候，天在下雨。_4. 当我见到他的时候，他在给孩子们讲故事。_五）一般将来时（用来表
8、示单纯将来的动作、行为和打算）基本句式 1.主语+will do 2.主语+isare going to do 3. I/We +shall do 也可(will do) 4. 主语+am/are/is doing观察下列句子（注意句子的时间状语）1. We will a class meeting this afternoon.2. Professor John will give us a lecture on environmental protection this afternoon.3. He will take you to the Great Wall if you come
9、next time.4. What are you going to do after you graduate from college?5. The meeting will be held in the hall at 4:00 this afternoon.6. Our manager is coming back in a few days. 或: Our manager will come back in a few days.7. He is leaving for London next week.8. Im going to Beijing tomorrow.3go, lea
10、ve, come, return 等常用进行时表示将来的动作动词的时态和语态（二）一般现在时翻译参考答案：1 Lidong does some sports every day and he is very strong. 2. Liming likes to play computer games. 3. They often go for a walk after supper. 4. Liyang is a Chinese, but he speaks English very well 4. Liping works very hard and often helps other st
11、udents, but he doesnt like to do sports.一般过去时翻译参考答案：1. I bought a pair of shoes in the supermarket yesterday afternoon. 2. My parents and I went to the zoo last Sunday, and we had a good time there. 3. I wrote a letter to my uncle the other day (a few days ago). 4. The musician left London last week
12、.现在进行时翻译参考答案：1. My mother is watching TV, while my father is reading a newspaper.2. Look! The boys of my class are playing football.过去进行时翻译参考答案：1. We were having a volleyball match at 4:00 yesterday afternoon.2. We were doing an experiment in the lab this time yesterday.3. It was raining when I got
13、to the railway station. 4. He was telling a story to the children when I saw him.六）现在完成时基本句式 主语+have(has) done基本使用情况：1. 到现在(目前 )为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作，不提及动作的具体时间。2. 过去的动作一直持续到现在，并有可能还会延续下去。观察下列句子：1. I have already repaired the VCD player.2. Ms Nancy has worked in China since 1984.3. I have collected over 50
14、0 Chinese stamps since I came to China last year.4. I have lived in Huizhou for 20 years.5. I havent heard from Tom so far.6. He has just come back from abroad.7. I have never seen a robot before.8.I have been to Beijing three times.9. In the last 15 years, Project Hope has raised much money and bui
15、lt thousands of schools in the countryside.和现在完成时搭配的常用时间状语有：recently, so far(到目前为止) , already, yet, just(刚刚)，today, this week(year)，never，once, twice, three times, in the pastlast few years(最近几年)，since 1949 等等,up till now,注意：短暂动词不能用于完成时表示持续性：如：leave, join, receive, hear from, begin, start, marry, ge
16、t married, die, buy, borrow, come, go, get up, fall asleep 等。另外：短暂动词的否定形式可以表延续 , 如：1. I havent heard from John for several months. 2. I havent seen you for a long time.翻译下列句子:1 我们刚刚把教室打扫了。_2 玛丽病了有一个礼拜了。_3 到目前为止，我没收到麦克的来信。_4 Mike 在这家公司工作了十多年了。_45 我从来没有去过香港。_6 他最近取得了很大进步。_七）过去完成时（表示过去某个时间或某个动作之前已经完成的动
17、作，也叫过去的过去）基本句式 主语+had done观察和熟读下列句子（留意时间状语）1. The film had begun when I got to the cinema.2. Karl Marx had learned some English before he came to London.3. I had finished writing the article by 11:00 last night.4. The workers had completed the bridge by the end of last month.5. Tom said he had visit
18、ed the Great Wall before.6. I didnt go to see the movie last night because I had seen it.7. They had lived in Beijing for 10 years before they moved to Shanghai.翻译下列句子:1. 当我到会议室的时候，会议已经开始了。_2. 老师进来的时候，同学们已把作业做完了。_3. 玛莉说她已收集了 500 多张中国硬币了。_4. Mike 在来我们学校之前在上海教过五年书。_5. 当我到家的时候, 哥哥已经把电脑修好了。_八）过去将来时（在过去的
19、某个时间说（看）将来发生的动作）基本句式 主语+would do, 主语+was/were going to do, 观察下列句子(注意过去将来时所运用的语言环境 )Tom said he would help me with my English.She asked me ifwhether I was going to play the guitar at the party.I was sure they would succeed.一般过去时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时的区别观察下列句子，体会并理解几种时态的区别：1. My brother has already repair
20、ed the computer.2. My brother repaired the computer yesterday.3. My brother had repaired the computer when I got home.4. My brother was repairing the computer when I got home.注意: 这几种时态的区分主要靠理解意思和看时间状语（请同学们理解八种时态运用的背景，熟读并消化例句）请用 Jim,do his homework 和 Jim, clean the room 造八个不同时态的句子（务必要加5上时间状语以示区分）动词的时
21、态和语态（三）现在完成时参考译文：1. We have just cleaned the classroom.2. Mary has been ill for a week. 3. I havent heard from Mike so far. I havent received a letter from Mike so far.4. Mike has worked in this company for more than 10 years. (more than=over)5. I have never been to Hong Kong.6. He has made goodgrea
22、tmuch progress recently.过去完成时参考译文：1. The meeting had begun when I got to the meeting-room.2. The students had finisheddone their homework when the teacher came in.3. Mary said she had collected more than 500 Chinese coins.4. Mike had taught in Shanghai for 5 years before he came to our school.5. Bro
23、ther had repaired the computer when I got /arrived home.动词的被动语态观察下列句子(留意各种时态和情态动词的被动语态)1. English is spoken in many countries.2. The children are taken good care of in the kindergarten.3. A new car factory will be built in this city this year.4. Wangwei was praised by the teacher for what he had don
24、e.5. I cant drive you there. My car is being repaired in the garage.6. The flowers were being watered when I got home.7. My car has already been repaired.8. My car had been repaired when I came back.9. The work must be finished today.10. The old should be respected. Or: The old ought to be respected
25、.你能根据以上句子归纳出被动语态的基本结构吗？如(1)一般现在时：主语 +(am,are,is)+done,(2)一般过去时：主语+_ (3)一般将来时：主语+_(4)现在进行时：主语+_ (5)过去进行时：主语+_(6)现在完成时：主语+_ (7)过去完成时：主语+_(8)情态动词用法：主语+_请用 the house, clean 和 the car, repair 造出各种时态及含有情态动词的被动态的句子：(要注意被动态的基本结构，并努力在句中创造一个能使用该时态的语境)例如：The house is cleaned every day. (一般现在时)The car was repai
26、red yesterday.（一般过去时）_6用动词的适当形式填空(请注意时间状语)：1. My brother _ (stay) in Beijing for 5 days last summer vocation.2.They _ (live) in Beijing for 10 years before they moved to Shanghai.3.Mr. Jones _ (work) in Beijing now. He _ (live) in Beijing since 1990.4. We _ (have) a physics lesson this time yesterda
27、y.5.I _ (visit) many places of interest since I came to China last year.6. Jim _ (make) great progress in his maths recently.7. The discussion _ (begin) when I got to the meeting-room.8. The fire _ (put out) when the firemen arrived at the building.9. The workers _ (complete) the project by the end
28、of last year.10. Please give Tom the photos as soon as he _ (come) back.11. I wont go to the cinema with you because I _ (see) the film last week.12. The computer _ (play) an important role in our daily life but it _ (invent) only last century.13. An awful accident _ (take place ) here a few days ag
29、o.14. Tom _ (do) his homework when his parents came back from work.15. Tom usually_ (do) his homework after school in the afternoon.16. I _ (buy) this radio here yesterday, but it doesnt work.17. Tom said he _ (help) me with my English.18. A new toy factory _ (build) in our hometown next year.19. Th
30、e director _ (interview) now. Im afraid he cant meet you at the moment.20. The old in our village enjoy a happy life because they _ (take good care of).21. The murderer(凶手) _ (catch) by a PLA man when the police arrived.22. Ted _ (kill) when he was trying to save a child in an earthquake.23. The 201
31、2 Olympic Games _ (hold) in London, Britain. 24. The car _ (repair) last night and I can drive it to Guangzhou today.25. The problem _ (discuss) now.26. The problem _ (discuss) tomorrow.27. _ (try) your best, and I think you will be successful.28. It wont be long before we _ (know) the result of the
32、 experiment. 29. All construction(建筑) work for the Beijing Olympics _ (complete) by 2006.30. _ (knock) at the door before entering, please.31. Whats that terrible noise? The neighbours _(prepare) for a party. 32. The bridge _ (complete) by the end of last year.33. The country life _ (change) greatly
33、 since 1992.34. He _(learn) over 5,000 English words when he entered the university at 15.35. I _ (play) ping-pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the New Year.736. -What happened to the priceless works(作品) of art?-They _ (destroy) in the earthquake.37. When and where to go for the o
34、n-salary holiday_ (decide) yet.38. Over a dozen students in the school _ (send) abroad to study medicine last year.39. We _ (invite) to a dancing party last Saturday.40. My brother is an actor. He _ (appear) in several films so far.41. John and I _ (be) friends for eight years. We first got to know
35、each other at a Christmas party. But we _ (see) each other a couple of times before that .用各种时态被动态造句参考The house was cleaned yesterday. 2.The house is being cleaned now.3. The house will be cleaned tomorrow. 4.The house was being cleaned when I came in.5. The house has just been cleaned. 6. The house
36、 had been cleaned when I got home.7. The house must be cleaned right away. The house should be cleaned every day.用动词的适当形式填空：1. stayed(不可用现在完成时) 2. had lived 3. is working/works; has been living 4. were having 5. have visited 6. has made 7. had begun 8. had been put out 9. had completed 10. comes 11.
37、 saw 12. plays, was invented 13. took place 14. was doing/had done 15. does 16. bought 17. would help 18. will be built 19. is being interviewed 20. are taken good care of 21. had been caught 22. was killed 23.will be held/ 24. was repaired25. is being discussed 26. will be discussed 27. Try28.know 29. had been completed 30. Knock 31. are preparing 32. had been completed33 has changed 34. had learned 35. play 36were destroyed 37has not been decided 38. were sent 39. were invited 40. has appeared 41.have been; had seen 42.was killed
