1、 ADD: 广州市天河区棠东东路御富科贸园 A1 座 B105 TEL: 28939413 134161598211Step 1. 检查上节课布置的作业五星级强化训练 Level 1 Test 1.Step 2. 单词学习：词的构成主要有三种：合成、转化、派生合成词：指两个或更多的词合成一个词，其合成的方式有：1.直接写在一起；2. 用连字符连接；3.由 2 个分开的词构成合成形容词一、 形容词开头的合成形容词1. 形容词+形容词：red-hot 炽热2. 形容词+名词：first-class 头等的; full-time 全部时间的，专任的 ; part-time 部分时间的，兼职的。3.
2、形容词+现在分词：good-looking 漂亮的，美貌的； free-thinking 具有自由思想的4. 形容词+过去分词：ready-made 现成的，做好的。5. 形容词+名词-ed ：good-tempered 脾气好的，敦厚的；middlle-aged 中年的，cold-blooded 冷血的二、 名词开头的合成形容词1. 名词+名词-ed ：iron-willed 意志坚强的2. 名词+形容词：world-famous 世界闻名的；day-long 长达一天的3. 名词+现在分词：beauty-loving 爱美的；freedom-loving 热爱自由的，job-hunting
3、 求职的，找工作的；time-saving 节省时间的；time-consuming 耗费时间的4. 名词+过去分词：man-made 人造的，人为的；water-covered 被水覆盖的三、 副词开头的合成形容词1. 副词+形容词：ever-green 常青的2. 副词+现在分词：hard-working 勤勉的，努力工作的；far-seeing 有远见的3. 副词+过去分词：well-prepared 准备充分的；quickly-cured 很快就治愈的；well-known 众所周知的，著名的四、 数词开头的合成形容词1. 数词+名词：five-year 五年的2. 数词+名词+ 形容
4、词：five-year-old 五岁的3. 数词+名词-ed：four-legged 四条腿的； six-storied 六层楼高的Step 3. 复习必修 3 unit 1重要知识点的复习一、朗读单词，明确重点单词和短语二、分析课文 Reading1. take placeE.g.: What does the ceremony take place?We have never discovered what took place that night.英语中表示“发生”的词都是不及物动词，不用于被动语态。主语为所发生的事。take ones place/ take the place of
5、 sb./ sth.代替某人某物2. starve 挨饿starve to death 饿死be starved of/ starving for 渴望，缺乏ADD: 广州市天河区棠东东路御富科贸园 A1 座 B105 TEL: 28939413 1341615982123. do harm 损害，危害（与 do good 相对）4. in memory of 纪念，追念in honour of 出于对 的敬意，为纪念 5. dress up 盛装打扮6. trick 诡计，花招，欺骗play a trick on sb.对某人使用诡计，诈骗某人7. gain 获得，赢得8. award 奖品
6、，奖，奖学金 vt.授予；判定9. admire 钦佩，赞美10. look forward to 期望，期盼11. as though/ as if 好像、仿佛（注意其使用时的虚拟语气和陈述语气）12. have fun （with）和某人玩得开心make fun of sb./sth 嘲笑某人/某事13. be proud of 以为自豪，以 为骄傲三、分析课文 Extensive Reading1.eitheror连接 2 个并列的成分，表示两者之一。连接 2 个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即就近原则。例句：Either you or I am t
7、o blame.2. with 复合结构：with+宾语+宾补宾补用来补充说明宾语的情况，如 sleep with the windows open. 做补语的词有 n. /adj. / to do /-ing / -ed /介词短语等等。例句：They named the child Jimmy.（名词做宾补）I found the book very interesting. （形容词短语做宾补）He wants me to read this passage. (不定式短语做宾补)I have guests coming. （现在分词做宾补，表主动意义，与宾语是主动关系）Can I ha
8、ve this bag weighed here? (过去分词做宾补，表被动意义，与宾语是被动关系)I found everything in good condition. （介词短语做宾补）3. as though = as if 引导表语从句或方式状语从句，从句中既可以用陈述语气，也可以用虚拟语气。例句： It looks as if it is going to rain. (陈述语气)They talked as if they were old friends for ages. (虚拟语气).4.It is + adj. + that It 做形式主语，that 从句才是真正的主
9、语。另外还有 v-ing. v.-to do 也可做真正主语。例句： It is not known yet whether they will come today. (It 作形式主语，whether 从句做真正的主语)It is said that hes got married.（此句还用到被动语态）It is not easy to learn English well.(不定式做主语)It is no use arguing with him.(v-ing 做真正主语)5.while 引导的时间状语从句as, when, while 都可以引导时间状语从句，但三者是有区别的。ADD
10、: 广州市天河区棠东东路御富科贸园 A1 座 B105 TEL: 28939413 134161598213as 多用于口语，强调“同一时间 ”或“一前一后” 。有时还有“随着”的意思。例句： As I was going out, it began to rain.(as 强调两个动作紧接着发生，不强调开始下雨的特定时间，故须用 as,不用 when)As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom. (随着)when 表示特定时间例句： When he was eating his breakfast, he heard
11、the door bell ring.(此处 when 表示特定时间，在这个意义上可以与 as 互换。) while 也表同一时间，它表示的时间不是一点，而是一段。上句中的 when 改为 while 的话，则强调他吃早餐的过程。6. remind sb. of sth. 或 remind sb. that使某人想起某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事例句：What youve just said reminds me that I must get some cash.This scene reminded me of my childhood.Please re
12、mind him to start earlier.语法的复习情 态 动 词（一）情态动词只有情态意义，即它表示的是说话人对动作的观点，如需要、可能、意愿、怀疑等等。情态动词的特点：1在形式上，情态动词没有实义动词的各种变化，只有过去式can - couldmay mightshall shouldwill wouldmust mustought to ought tohave to had to2在用法上，情态动词不能单独做谓语。3在意义上，大部分情态动词是多义的。一、can / could1. 表能力 = be able tocan 指现在和将来，could 指过去。如果需要表示更多的时态
13、，如完成时、非谓语形式等，用 be able to. 例句：I cant play basketball now, but I could when I was young.（现在与过去的情况）Can you come to the meeting?（可用在疑问句中）can / could 和 be able to 的区别：can 只有现在时和过去时 could, 而 be able to 则有更多的时态变化，在完成时和非谓语动词中只能用 be able to.can 一般指自身具有的能力或天生具有的能力，而 be able to 则表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力，相当于 manage
14、to do 或 succeed in doing.ADD: 广州市天河区棠东东路御富科贸园 A1 座 B105 TEL: 28939413 134161598214例句：I can speak Japanese, but I cant write it. This time I failed in the exam, but Ill be able to pass the exam next time.(更丰富的时态变化和暗示经过努力)2. 表许可can /could 均可以表示许可， could 的语气更委婉。给予许可用 can, 不允许用 cant.例句：- Can you lend me
15、 a hand?- Of course.- Could I interrupt a moment?(更委婉的请求)- Yes, you can. / No, you cant. (给予允许用 can,不允许用 cant)You can borrow my bike tomorrow. (给予许可)3. 表猜测。用来表示惊讶、怀疑等态度。常用于疑问句、否定句、感叹句中。could 的可能性比 can 小。例句：Can it be true?Could it be true?(较不确定)It cant be true. (表不大可能)It couldnt be true.（较不确定）What ca
16、n/could they have gone?他们会到哪里去了呢？He cant/couldnt have finished so much work in so short a time.（不可能）4. 表示理论或习惯上的可能性。例句：Accidents can happen at any time.It could be very interesting to go out for a drive.(could 比 can 可能性小)The moon cannot always be at full.二、may / might1.表许可。= can/ could。may 较正式些，而 ca
17、n 较口语化。might 比 may 语气更委婉客气。给予许可用may/can, 不允许用 cant/mustnt。例句：May/Might I use your bike ?- May I come in ?- Yes, you may/can.- No, you cant/mustnt.- No, youd better not.2.表推测。用在肯定句和否定句中。might 比 may 的可能性小。may not 表示“可能不”之意。例句：It may be a trick.He may not be at home.（可能不）ADD: 广州市天河区棠东东路御富科贸园 A1 座 B105
18、TEL: 28939413 134161598215They might have been killed by radiation.他们可能死于辐射。3.表祝愿。仅 may。且用在祈使句中。例句：May you succeed !May God bless you !三、will / would1.表请求、建议。用在第二人称疑问句中，would 比 will 语气更委婉。例句：Will/Would you call back later, please?2.表意愿、决心.would 表示过去的意愿和决心,通常用于间接引语中。否定式表示拒绝， “不愿意”、 “不乐意” 之意。如果否定式的主语是
19、物，则表示“不起作用” 。例句：I will never do that again.She said she would take care of the child.(间接引语中) 她说她愿意照顾小孩。I wont argue with you.（否定式）我不愿意和你争论。No matter what I said, he wouldnt listen to me.The drawer wont shut.抽屉关不上了。 （主语是物，表示不起作用）3.表习惯性动作。意为“经常、总是” 。would 表示过去习惯性的动作和倾向。例句：John will fall asleep in chur
20、ch.约翰做礼拜时老睡觉。On Sunday he would go to the park to play chess.以前每到星期天他总是到公园去下棋。would do 和 used to 的区别：would do 和 used to 都表示“过去常常” 。但 would do 仅表示过去的习惯动作，不能表状态，也不能表示一次性动作。而 used to 既可以表示动作又可以表示状态，表动作时用 used to do sth.。表状态时用 be used to (doing) sth.。 （be 可以由其他系动词代替，如 get ,become 等，且有多种时态，如 will be used
21、 to doing sth,/has been used to doing sth.）例句：When we were children we used to/would go skating every winter.He used to get up early.= He was used to getting up earlyI used to have an old car.(注意此处不能用 would)used to 暗示现在已经不再做或不再有那种状态。而 would 则表示现在既有可能还如此，也有可能不再那样。例句：He would get up at eight. (现在可能不这样
22、了)He used to get up at eight. (现在不再这样了)4.表猜测。对目前情况的推测用 will be (doing) sth.，对将来完成的动作的推测用 will have done . would 是 will 的过去式。例句：This will be the school, I believe.我想这大概就是那所学校。Hurry up. They will be waiting.快点，他们一定在等我们哩。You will have heard the news, Im sure.我想你大概听说了这个消息。ADD: 广州市天河区棠东东路御富科贸园 A1 座 B105
23、TEL: 28939413 134161598216It would be about 4 oclock in the morning when he arrived home.5.表能力和客观事实。例句：The hall will seat 100 persons.这个大厅能坐下 100 人。Fish will die without water.鱼离开水就会死。四、shall / should做助动词时，should 是 shall 的过去时，但做情态动词时，两者是不同的两个词。1. shall表征求意见(过去时用 should)。用于一、三人称的疑问句中。例句：What shall we
24、 do this evening? Shall we go to the theatre?(一人称)What shall he do next?(三人称)Professor Li asked if he should get his visa on time 李教授问他能否准时拿到签证。 （从句因受主句时态影响用了过去时）表命令、许诺、警告、宣布规定。用于二、三人称的肯定句、否定句中。例句：You shall fail if you dont work hard.(警告)You shall do as you see me do.(命令)He shall have the book when
25、I finish reading it.(许诺)The fine shall be paid in cash.（宣布规定）2. should表劝告、建议、义务其同义词是 ought to，在疑问句中通常用 should 代替 ought to,意为“应该” 。还常用在虚拟语气中。例句：You shouldnt have told him the news你本不该告诉他这个消息。 （虚拟语气）Sal suggested that we should go for a swim.萨尔建议我们去游泳。 （建议）You should complete your test by yourself.(义务
26、)表推测。暗含很大可能性，往往有一定的依据。例句：The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors.这部影片是一流演员主演的，可能拍的很好。The roads should be less crowded today.四、must 1.表“必须”之意。疑问句的回答肯定用 must,否定用 neednt 或 dont have to.例句：You must come and see us when youre in London.你到伦敦后应当来看我们（建议）You must talk to your daught
27、er about her future.(义务)- Must I come back before ten?- Yes, you must.ADD: 广州市天河区棠东东路御富科贸园 A1 座 B105 TEL: 28939413 134161598217- No, you neednt/ dont have to.2.否定式 mustnt 是“禁止” 、 “不允许”之意。例句：You mustnt lend the new book to others.Drivers mustnt drive after drinking.严禁司机酒后驾车。3.指感情色彩， “偏偏、偏要” 。常指不愉快之事。
28、例句：Why must it rain on Sunday?为什么偏偏要在星期天下雨？4.表推测。只用于肯定句的推测。若是否定情况的推测，不能用 mustnt，而应该用 cant/couldnt。例句：He must be at the library.- I think the news must be true.- No, it cant be true.五、情态动词+have done1.could have done 过去本能够做，但实际上未做。2.cant/couldnt have done 不可能做了(表推测)3.may/might have done 可能做了（表推测）4.mus
29、t have done 一定做了 （表推测）5.should have done 本该做，但实际上未做6.shouldnt have done 本不该做，但实际上做了以上必须记住的是 1、5 、6 ，因他们已经是固定形式短语了，具有独有的意义。例句：You could have come 5 minutes earlier.你本能够早来 5 分钟。You should have started earlier.你本该早点出发。You shouldnt have told her the truth.你本不该告诉她真相。本章任务：请以表格形式归纳本章的知识点。巩固练习：情态动词填空并说出它们在句
30、中的意义,注意体会句子的感情色彩。1. _ you shout so loudly?2. _ you be happy.3. _ we go skating now?4. It _ be Jack. He has gone to Shanghai.5. The door _ open. There must be something wrong with it.6. You _ have studied hard at your work.7. Someone has taken away my dictionary. Who _ it be?8. Poor as he was, he _ h
31、elp others, like Lei Feng.9. Walking on the street, we _ play with a ball, for it is dangerous.10. Jack is the youngest among the children, so he _ raise the box.11. He _ be working in his office at present , for the light is on.12. I _ help you if you need me.13. Sam suggested that they _ have a re
32、st.答案：ADD: 广州市天河区棠东东路御富科贸园 A1 座 B105 TEL: 28939413 1341615982181. Must 偏偏，偏要，多指不愉快之事2. May 祝愿3. Shall 征求意见，用在一三人称疑问句中，若是二人称则用 will/would4. cant 表推测，不可能5. wont 以物做主语表示不起作用6. should should have done 结构，本该做某事7. can 表猜测，常用在疑问句中。8. would 表示经常做某事，根据语境，he was，这里应用过去时9. mustnt /shouldnt 表示禁止做某事，或者表示义务责任10.
33、cant 表自身能力，根据语境要用否定式11. must 表推测，根据语境，这里的可能性是非常大的12. will 表承诺、许诺。而 shall 表许诺时用在二三人称13. should 表建议。而 will 表建议时用在疑问句中。情态动词（二）一、ought to1.表义务 = should意为“应该，应当”，无人称、数的变化例句：You ought to take care of your parent.2.表推测语气较肯定，通常指的是一种合乎逻辑的可能性，语气比 must 弱。例句：They ought to be at work by now.到现在为止他们应该在上班。3.ought
34、to 的否定形式为 ought not to 或者 oughtnt to例句： You oughtnt to smoke so much! -Ought I to leave tomorrow?- Yes, you ought to.No, you dont have to.4.在反意疑问句中，ought(nt) to 中的 to 要省去，在美语中常用 shouldnt 代替 oughtnt例句：We ought to go now, oughtnt / shouldnt we?5.ought to have done = should have done“本该做（而未做） ”，否定式表示“
35、本不该做（却做了） ” 例句： You ought to / should have asked him. We oughtnt to / shouldnt have told him the news.注：ought to 往往与 should 同义，在生活交际中人们多用后者，但有时 ought to 有针对性，should 则表示一般的忠告，试比较We ought not to tell falsehoods.我们不该说谎话。We should not tell falsehoods.我们不应该说谎话。二、have to（口语中说成 have got to）表示“ 必须，不得不”=must
36、。但两者又有区别。must have to强调主观看法 强调客观需要mustnt 为“禁止，不允许” dont have to 意为“不必”=neednt,常可以回答must 提问的一般疑问句例句： We must depend on ourselves. (自己的选择，主观)ADD: 广州市天河区棠东东路御富科贸园 A1 座 B105 TEL: 28939413 134161598219You will have to wash your own clothes when you join the army.(没有选择，客观)You dont have to go now.You mustn
37、t go out alone at night. -Must I do it at once?-Yes, you have to / must.No, you dont have to / neednt.三、need表“需要” 或“必须”，既可以作情态动词，又可以作实义动词。1.作情态动词时，后跟不带 to 的不定式，只用于否定句和疑问句。例如： He neednt pay for it. -Must I type this letter again?-No, you neednt / dont have to。Yes, you must / have to.2.作实义动词时，有动词的全部形式
38、：人称数、分词、时态等，后跟带 to 的不定式。用于一切句式。注need 作实义动词后跟不定式的被动形式，相当于跟 v.-ing 的主动形式。 （该动词必须是 vt.，如果是vi.，后应跟介词）The house needs to be repaired.needs repairing.needs 可换成 wants/requires3. neednt have done 本没必要做（而实际却做了）四、总结 情态动词+have done肯 could have done 本可以做should have done 本应跟做否 neednt have done 本没必要做shouldnt have
39、 done 本不应该做其它 cant / couldnt have done （推测）不可能做了may / might have done (推测) 可能做了must have done (推测)一定做了五、练习1.判断下列句中情态动词的意义。例如：Shall we go skating now?-表征求意见1) He would get up at eight.2) Will/Would you call back later, please?3) I will never do that again。4) The room will seat 100 persons.5) It would
40、 be about 4 oclock in the morning when he arrived home.情态动词 实义动词肯定句 He need to escape.陈述句否定句 You neednt escape. He dont need to escape.肯定 Need we escape? Do we need to escape?疑问句否定 Neednt he escape? Doesnt he need to escape?ADD: 广州市天河区棠东东路御富科贸园 A1 座 B105 TEL: 28939413 13416159821106) I can speak Jap
41、anese, but I cant write it.7) Can/Could you lend me a hand?8) He is an honest man；he couldnt be telling lies.9) Accidents can happen at any time.10) You may leave if you like.11) He may not come today.12) What shall we do this evening?13) You shall fail if you dont work hard.14) The roads should be
42、less crowded today.15) He must be at the library.16) Must you shout so loudly?17) You shouldnt have told him the news.18) He cant/couldnt have finished so much work in so short a time.19) You ought to have asked him.20) She neednt have come yesterday.2.单项选择题1.You _ buy a gift, but you can if you wan
43、t to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to2.Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt3.-What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?-Well, it _ be bigthats not important.A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. won
44、t4.The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we _ go to work tomorrow.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt5. Some aspects of a pilots job_ be boring, and pilots often _ work at inconvenient hours.A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must6. It is important to know about
45、 the cultural differences that _ cause problems.A. must B. dare C. need D. may7. May I take this book out of the reading room?-No, you _. You read it in here.A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt8. Jack described his father, who _ a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man.A. would be B. wo
46、uld have done C. must be D.must have been9.Just be patient. You _ expect the world to change so soon.A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. will not10. I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month.-Dont worry, You _ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may答案：1-5DABCA 6-10 DDDABStep 4. 考试测试卷第一单元Step 5. 家庭作业： 背熟今天复习到的词汇。五星级强化训练 Level 2 Test 2
