1、常见写作错误一、主语错误1. 主语缺失1)In our country feels very free.People feel free in our country.2)In my hometown arent very busy.People in my hometown are very busy.2. 非名词主语1)Rich doesnt ensure a happy life.Being rich doesnt mean a happy life. / Wealth doesnt ensure a happy life.2)Keep two full-time jobs is sim
2、ply impossible.Keeping two full-time jobs is simply impossible.3. 主谓错位1)Reading books can acquire knowledge.People can acquire knowledge from books.2)Now peoples lives cant leave TV.Now people cant do without TV.二、谓语错误1. 多重谓语1)In our modern society, there are many examples around us show that many p
3、eople are cheated.In our modern society, many examples around us show that many people are cheated. / A large number of people have fallen victim to various tricks.2)Poverty makes many people cant study abroad.Poverty makes many people unable to study abroad. / Poverty makes it impossible for many p
4、eople to study abroad. / Poverty prevents many people from studying abroad. / Many people cant study abroad because of poverty.2. 非动词谓语1)Some people firmly agree, but others against it.Some people firmly agree, but others are against it.2)It is said that the place worths touring.It is said that the
5、place is worth touring.3. 主谓不一致1)I have to visit the teacher who teach me College English.I have to visit the teacher who teaches me College English.2)I use a disk because it hold plenty of data.I use a disk because it holds plenty of data4. 误用词组1)They insist on post-graduate study is very important
6、 for them.They insist that post-graduate study is very important for them.2)I am afraid of that its going to rain.I am afraid that its going to rain.三、冠词错误1)In my opinion, the future of bicycle is very promising.In my opinion, the future of the bicycle is very promising.2) They suggest that we shoul
7、d choose only the good books to read and never touch the bad ones.They suggest that we should choose only good books to read and never touch bad ones.四、代词错误1. 偷梁换柱1)An important thing for the student to remember is that when writing a paper, you should not plagiarize.An important thing for the stude
8、nt to remember is that when writing a paper, he should not plagiarize.2)If we cheat others, friends will never believe you and they will leave you alone.If we cheat others, friends will never believe us and they will leave us along. / If you cheat others, friends will never believe you and they will
9、 leave you alone.2. 指代不明1)He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, which nobody believed.He gave a reason, which nobody believed, for not attending the meeting. / He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, a reason which nobody believed.2)Sometimes teachers have to inform the students of
10、 the heavy burden they have to bear.Sometimes teachers have to inform the students of the heavy burden students have to bear.五、形容词、副词错误1)What is more, the change of the weather will make the place look differently.What is more, the change of the weather will make the place look different.2)Surprisin
11、g enough, he faces the failure very bravely.Surprisingly enough, he faces the failure very bravely.六、分词误用1) Comparing with other countries, China pays little attention to the energy problem.Compared with other countries, China pays little attention to the energy problem.2) Those spirits were just li
12、ke an indispensable part of the whole picture when viewing through my camera.Those spirits were just like an indispensable part of the whole picture when viewed through my camera.七、修饰语误置1) Spoken English is an important part for learning English people.Spoken English is an important part for people
13、learning English.2)To keep the air clean, we must move the factories which give off poisonous gases to the countryside.To keep the air clean, we must move to the countryside the factories which give off poisonous gases to the countryside.八、垂悬修饰语1) Having carried out economic reforms in our country,
14、peoples living standard has been greatly improved.Having carried out economic reforms in our country, people have greatly improved their living standard.2)To tell my friend the good news, the letter was posted at once.To tell my friend the good news, I posted the letter at once.九、平行错误1) While we red
15、uce the number of vehicles, the speed of traffic can be increased.While we reduce the number of vehicles, we can increase the speed of traffic.2) Before I selected the new course, my teacher warned me of the difficulty of the course and how long it lasted.Before I selected the new course, my teacher
16、 warned me of the difficulty and length of the course. / Before I selected the new course, my teacher warned me how difficult the course was and how long it lasted.十、搭配错误1) In the past the price of meat was so expensive that most families could not afford it.In the past the price of meat was so high
17、 that most families could not afford it.2) Crowded traffic in some large cities is a big problem for city dwellers.Heavy traffic in some large cities is a big problem for city dwellers.十一、破句1) Nowadays, if you want to find a job. Then you must pass the job interview.Nowadays, if you want to find a j
18、ob, you must pass the job interview.2) First you should show good manners. Because the first impression you leave on others is important.First you should show good manners, because the first impression you leave on others is important学生常见错误a. 不分主次四级作文实际属于一种控制性作文，虽然只有 120 个字，但文章的结构应该自然、协调。一篇完整的文章，一般以
19、三、四段为宜，要求学生要结构健全，给读者一种整体感。说到协调，很多学生忽视了这一点。一篇文章不管是从篇幅还是内容来讲，都应该是中间段最为重要。头重脚轻或是头轻脚重都是不合理的，这确实是很多学生易犯的错误。学生对词汇、语法、句型等基础英语知识有相应的水平，在很大程度上还考查学生对段落结构的把握，真正使学生英语能力受到最全面的考核。b. 论证不足学生的主体段往往论证不足，力度不够，说明解释显得很单薄，而且文章也不容易达到一定得长度。一般而言，首先，主体段都应该有一个主题句(topicsentence)，表达出主体的主旨，同时也应包括文章的关键词。提倡主题句置于句首，这样使读者一目了然。其次，应该安
20、排 2- 3 个分论点来支持主题句. 分论点决定了主题发展的方向与范围。在这方面，学生问题在于选择角度以及观点的抽象性方面，许多学生往往过于谈细节。最后，这也是学生最薄弱和容易忽视的一点，就是用例据也就是支持句(supporting sentences) 去解释说明自己的分论点。以以下主体段为例：Why is the world isgetting smaller and smaller?( 主题句) For one thing,faster and safer means oftransport have greatly reduceddistance.(分论点 1) In the past
21、it took eight weeks to crossthe Pacific Ocean, but nowan air journey, from Shanghaito New York only takesless than twenty hours. ( 支持句) For another, thequickening pace of modernsociety creates more opportunitiesfor people to visiteach other. ( 分论点 2) Forexample, business activitiesand cultural excha
22、nges havemade possible frequent contactsamong different nations.(支持句)c. 缺乏过渡词文章中的句与句之间、段与段之间语义紧凑，逻辑顺畅。要想实现这一目标，就必须注意在句与句，段与段之间使用恰当的过渡性词语。使文章层次分明且浑然一体。为了使文章显的一目了然，观点突出，富有立体感，就必须使用过渡词。可以用过渡词来表达举例、比较、对照、让步、转折、原因、结果、强调、递进、结论等等。以上文为例，For one thing ，For another 就表达了顺序，使文章的逻辑性更强。d. 用词欠缺1) 词汇等级：所谓词汇的等级就是，我们
23、在写作的过程中，如果想出一个基本词汇来之后，能够在这个基本词汇的基础上把它在提升一下，也就是我们一般写作所提倡的用“难词”。比如，我们一提到“重要的 ”，大多数同学首先会想到 “important”这个单词，那么提升一下的话就可以想到它的如下同义词： significant, vital, main,essential, crucial, necessary,etc;2) 词汇准确性：所谓词汇的准确性是指，要结合语境选择恰当的用词。在这里必须指明的是，并不是词汇等级越高越好，必须还要考虑到适合于不同的语境。比如，这个“大的”形容词，我们首先会想到 big,近而想到 great, large,
24、huge, vast,titanic, enormous etc。选择不同情况而定。(3) 学生的汉语语言思维会影响其英语的写作。学生习惯把自己的汉语句子翻译成英语句子。例如： Smokingharms our health.这句话翻译为吸烟有害健康。显而易见，按照英语思维，应为：It is harmfulto smoke.如何写好英语四级作文对于学生而言，平常应该多练习，文章才能越写越好学生应该经常朗读单词、听写单词、默写单词、遣词造句、词汇竞赛等多种方法促进学生记单词。记忆单词是一个长期的反复的过程，要长期地坚持下去，才能不断积累大量的词汇，为英语写作打下坚实的基础。而且要注意词汇表达的多
25、样性，会使用有难度的词汇。尽量使用形容词修饰名词，用副词修饰整个句子，多使用被动句、倒装句，使文章更加客观，显示了论说文的特点。同时，多摘抄些英语摘要。英语摘要有利于学生了解原文的文化背景、理解原文的中心意思、弄清原文的篇章结构，从而提高学生的逻辑思维能力和谋篇布局能力。发展英语语言思维能力，提高英语写作能力。对学生而言，在英语写作中易受汉语语言思维的影响，难以直接用英语语言进行思维，不利于英语写作能力的提高，因此发展其英语语言思维能力尤为重要。消除汉语思维的影响，要努力创设良好的英语环境，在英语交际中发展英语思维能力。背诵是个输入的过程，输出的过程。我们真正需要的是把平时积累的随时随地用在我
26、们的写作中。因此，我们在注重积累的同时，一定在平时练习的时候，把他们多家运用。只有多练多用，才能真正达到学以致用，才能真正提高写作水平(更多关于英语的学习教学资料可到这里查找：英语教学)。1 不一致(Disagreements)所谓不一致不仅仅指主谓不一致，它还包括了数的不一致、时态 不一致及代词不一致等。例如: When one have money, he can do what he want to.从句中的主语 one 是单数第三人称，因而本句中的 have 应改为 has;同理,want 应改为 wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致。 改为Once one has money, he
27、can do what he wants (to do). 2 修饰语错位(Misplaced Modifiers)英语与汉语不同，同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置，可能引起句子含义的变化。考生对于这一点往往没有足够的重视，因而造成了不必要的误解。例如：I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus.这个句子里的修饰语 better 位置不当,应置于句末。 3 句子不宪螯(Sentence Fragments)在口语交际中，双方可借助手势、语气、上下文等，不完整的句子 完全可以被理解。可
28、是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会使意思 表达不淸，这祌情况常常在主句写完以后,考生又想加些补充说明时发生，例如： There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV, radio, newspaper and so on.本句后半部分“for example by TV, radio, newspaper and so on.“ 是一个不完整的句子，仅为一些不连贯的词语,不能独立成句，改为：There are many ways to know society, for example, hy TV, radio and ne
29、wspaper. 4 悬垂修饰语(Dangling Modifiers)所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面的句子的逻辑关系混乱不清。例如:At the age of ten, my grandfather died.这句中 at ihe age of ten 并没有说明“谁十岁时“，而按一般推理，不可能是 my grandfather, 如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语表达得明确一些，全句就不那么费解了。改为:When I was ten, my grandfether died.又如:To do well in college, good grades are essential. 句中不定式短语
30、to do well in college 逻辑主语不清楚，可以改为： To do well in college, a student needs good grades.5 词性误用（Misuse of Parts of Speech)词性误用常表现为：介词当动词用，形容词当副词用，名词当动词用等。例如：None can negative the importance of money. 剖析： negative 是形容词，在这个句子里误用为动词，可以改为：None can deny the importance of money.又如：I want to creation a great
31、 website so that I can becoming wealth.这句话里的 creation 应该改为 create,becoming 应该改为 become. 6 指代不清（Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清,或者先后所用的代词不一致。例如:Maiy was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.读完上面这一句话，读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚，谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确,
32、意思就一目了然了。这个句子 可改为：Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.又如:And we can also know the society by serving it yourself. 句中人称代词 we 和反身代词yourself 指代不一致，可以改为：We can also know society by serving it ourselves. 7 不间断句子(Run-on Sentences)什么叫 run-on sentence?请看下面的例句:The
33、re are many ways we get to know the outside worid.剖析：这个句子包含了两层完整的意思：“There are many ways,及 “We get to know the oubside world.”,简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。改为:There are many ways for us to leam about the outsdde world.或：There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world. 8 措词毛病(Tro
34、ubles in Diction)diction 是栺在特定的句子中如何适当地选用词语的问题。不少考生在写作中没有养成良好的推敲、斟酌的习惯，所以作文中用词不当的错误比比皆是。例如：The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.显然，考生把 obstacles(障碍，障碍物)误作 substance(物质）了。另外 the increasing use 改为 abusive use 更为妥当，所以这句话可以改为：The abusive use of diemical substances
35、 in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution.9.累赘(Redundancy)英语以简洁为贵：写句子没有一个多余的同，写段落没有一个 必要的句子，能用单词的不用词组,能用词组的不用从句或句了。例 女口： In spite of the fact that he is lazy, I like him,本句的 the fact that he is lazy 系同谓语从句,我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”的原 则,这句话可以改为：In spite of his laziness, I like him,又如：For the people who
36、are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need.整个句子可以大大简化为：Dillgent，caring people use money only to buy what they need. 再如:Peraonally, I believe what the newspaper prints,此句中的 personally 完全没有必要。10. 不连贯(Incoherence)不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语，或是结构上不流畅，这也是 考生常犯的错误。例如：The fres
37、h water, it is the most important things of the earth. The fresh water 与逗号后的 it 不连贯。It 与 things 在数方面不一致。改为： Fresh water is the most important thing in the world.11. 严重汉化的英语一中式英语(ChinglishJ中式英语是考生作文中最常见的一个问题。不少考生对汉英两 祌语言在表达习惯、思维方式等方面的差异没有足够的认识，不能在英语写作中有意识地避免自己的母语汉语对英文写作的不利影响，常常写出严重汉化的英语来，比如:“Man can
38、live happiness. ”， “Man is iron, arid food is steel.“, “Women are half side sky.“, “My roommate is such a noisy person that he often opens party in our dorm on weekends. ”等。12.综合性语言错误（Comprehensive Misusage)所谓“综合性语言错误” ，是指除了上述十种错误以外，还有诸如 时态、语态、标点符号、大小写等方面的错误。不少考生的作文存在 大量的语法错误。这些语法错误，如果被挑出来，他们很快知道错在
39、哪里。如果将这些语法错误编写成正误判断题，考生本人也能作出 正确的判断。 “粗心语法错误”的存在，说明考生平时虽然花在英语 学习上的时间比较多，但缺乏足够的笔头练习，而且对语言形式的敏感性(sensitivity to linguistic forms)不够。下面的错误例句均属于典 型的“粗心语法错误”：误：A beautiful American girl is in traditional Chinese costume is smiling.正：A beautiful American girl in traditional Chinese costume is smiling.误: W
40、th the wide pace of globalization, cultures differences are shrinking.正:With the globalization, differences between cultures are shrinking.误:In the past we are stranged to see a person in other countriess costume.正:ln the past we would feel strange to see a person in other contriess comstuem.误: With
41、 the development of ecnonomy, people in all over the world interact deeply. 正: With the economic globalization, people all over the world interact with each other more widely. 常见写作错误一、主语错误1. 主语缺失1)In our country feels very free.People feel free in our country. 2)In my hometown arent very busy.People
42、 in my hometown are very busy.2. 非名词主语1)Rich doesnt ensure a happy life.Being rich doesnt mean a happy life. / Wealth doesnt ensure a happy life.2)Keep two full-time jobs is simply impossible.Keeping two full-time jobs is simply impossible.3. 主谓错位1)Reading books can acquire knowledge.People can acqu
43、ire knowledge from books.2)Now peoples lives cant leave TV.Now people cant do without TV.二、谓语错误1. 多重谓语1)In our modern society, there are many examples around us show that many people are cheated.In our modern society, many examples around us show that many people are cheated. / A large number of peo
44、ple have fallen victim to various tricks.2)Poverty makes many people cant study abroad.Poverty makes many people unable to study abroad. / Poverty makes it impossible for many people to study abroad. / Poverty prevents many people from studying abroad. / Many people cant study abroad because of pove
45、rty.2. 非动词谓语1)Some people firmly agree, but others against it.Some people firmly agree, but others are against it.2)It is said that the place worths touring.It is said that the place is worth touring.3. 主谓不一致1)I have to visit the teacher who teach me College English.I have to visit the teacher who t
46、eaches me College English.2)I use a disk because it hold plenty of data.I use a disk because it holds plenty of data4. 误用词组1)They insist on post-graduate study is very important for them.They insist that post-graduate study is very important for them.2)I am afraid of that its going to rain.I am afra
47、id that its going to rain.三、冠词错误1)In my opinion, the future of bicycle is very promising.In my opinion, the future of the bicycle is very promising.2) They suggest that we should choose only the good books to read and never touch the bad ones.They suggest that we should choose only good books to rea
48、d and never touch bad ones.四、代词错误1. 偷梁换柱1)An important thing for the student to remember is that when writing a paper, you should not plagiarize.An important thing for the student to remember is that when writing a paper, he should not plagiarize.2)If we cheat others, friends will never believe you
49、and they will leave you alone.If we cheat others, friends will never believe us and they will leave us along. / If you cheat others, friends will never believe you and they will leave you alone.2. 指代不明1)He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, which nobody believed.He gave a reason, which nobody believed, for not attending the meeting. / He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, a reason which nobody believed.2)Sometimes teachers have to inform the students of the heavy burden they have to bear.Sometimes teachers have to inform the students of the heavy
