1、用心 爱心 专心 1动词的时态和语态第一部分 七年高考题荟萃2011 年高考题1.(2011 全国卷,23) Planing so far ahead no senseso many things will have changed by next year.A.made B.is making C.makes D.has made答案 C解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况 make no sense,后句表示到将来会产生的后果 will have changed。一 般 现 在 时 表 示 主 语 的 特 征 或 状 态 。 i
2、s making 和 has made 表示具体的动作过程,故不选。因此选 C。2.(2011 全国卷,24) I wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he polite.A.was just being B.will just be C.had just been D.would just be 答案 A解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“我不能确信他是真正感兴趣呢还是仅仅为了表示礼貌。”句前 wasnt sure 表明说话的起点是过去时, was really interested 和 was just being polite 都是相一致的
3、过去时。故选 A。3.(2011 全国卷,29) When Alice came to, she did not know how long she there.A.had been lying B.has been lying C.was lying D.has lain答案 A解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“当 Alice 苏醒过来时,她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过 去 完 成 进 行 时 主 要 表 示 持 续 到 过 去 某 时 之 前 的 动 作 。 came to 苏醒过来是过去时,苏醒前的情况是过去的过去,强调过去的过去里发生的事,故选 A。4.(2011 全国卷 II,9) I
4、f you dont like the drink you_just leave it and try a different one.A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered答案 A解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“如果你不喜欢你所点的饮料,就把它放那儿,试试另一种。”dont like the drink 是现在时,点饮料是过去的动作,因此,用过去时或现在完成时,故选 A。5.(2011 北京卷,21)Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well befo
5、re the Second World War.A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted答案 D解析: 考查动词时态和语态,句意为“就在二战爆发前,美国和欧洲都进行过这种实验。”首先考虑语态,主语 experiment 与 conduct 构成动宾关系,谓语使用被动形式。题干中出现 the second war 是过去的时间点,before the second war 是过去的过去,因此使用过去完成时。选 D。6.(2011 北京卷,23)Tom in the library
6、 every night over the last three months.A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working答案 C解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“在过去的三个月里,Tom 每天晚上都在图书馆里学习。”题干中出现的 over the last three months,是明显提示用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。故选 C。用心 爱心 专心 27.(2011 北京卷,27)That must have been a long trip.Yeah, it us a whole week to get there.A.
7、 takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking答案 C解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“那一定是长途旅行。是的,我们花了整整一周时间才赶到那儿。”题干中 must have done 是对过去的肯定推测,提示时间在过去,描述过去的情况,排除 A 和 B,D 项 was taking 进行时态表将来,但事实上事情已发生,这与题意不符,因此选 C。8.(2011 北京卷,32)Bob has gone to California.Oh, can you tell me when he ?A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. wou
8、ld leave答案 B解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“Bob 已经去了加利福尼亚。噢,你能告诉我他什么时候离开的?”Bob has gone to California,去的动作已经发生过,说明他离开的动作发生在过去,因此使用一般过去时。选 B。9.(2011 天津卷,3)In the last few years thousands of films all over the world.A.have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced答案 B解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意为“在过去的几
9、年时间里,全世界制作了成千上万部电影。”in the last few years 在过去的几年时间里,其实是从过去算到现在,是现在完成时的标志。选 B。10.(2011 天津卷,4)On her next birthday, Ann married for twenty years.A.is B.has been C.will be D.will have been答案 D解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“等到下次生日的时候,Ann 结婚有二十年了。”her next birthday 是将来的时间,for twenty years 是个时间段。将 来 完 成 时 表 示 持 续 到 将 来 某
10、 时 的动 作 或 状 态 , 故 选 D。11.(2011 上海春招,29)Im sure you will do better in the test because you _ so hard this year. A. studied B. had studiedC. will study D. have been studying答案 D解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“我确信你将在这次考试中取得更好的成绩,因为这一年里你一直用功学习。”前半句 Im sure you will do better 交代了时间起点是现在。because引起的状语从句不能用将来时,只能用现在时。this y
11、ear 今年,是个时间段。D 项 have been studying 表示 一 直 持 续 到 现 在 的 动 作 , 故 用 现 在 完 成 进 行 时 。 选 D。12.(2011 上海春招,32)A lot of people often forget that oral exams _ to test our communicative ability. A. design B. are designedC. are designing D. are being designed答案 B解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。”一 般
12、 现 在 时 表 示 经 常 性 动 作 或 状 态 时 , 常 与 often, always, usually, sometimes, every day 等 时 间 状 语 连 用 。 oral exams 与 design 的关系存在着被动,故选 B。用心 爱心 专心 313.(2011 山东卷,31) When I got on the bus, I_I had left my wallet at home.A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize答案 B解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“当我上了车后,我
13、才意识到我把钱包落在家里了。”I had left my wallet at home 发生在 realized 之前,前一句 When I got on the bus 给出的时间起点是过去时,故选 B。14.(2011 山东卷,35) She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything!A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating答案 B解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“她惊讶地发现冰箱里空空如也;她的孩子把里面的东西全吃光了!
14、”“吃光”这个动作发生在“发现”之前,前一句交代了过去时间,因此选择过去的过去。故选 B。15.(2011 江苏卷,21)I hear you _ in a pub. whats it like?Well, its very hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind.A.are working B.will work C.were working D.will be working答案 A解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“我听说你在酒吧里上班,这份工作怎么样?咳,这是份辛苦活,老感到累,不过我不介意。”对话所用的现在时表明现在还在酒吧里上班,用现
15、在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。故选 A。16.(2011 江苏卷,23)Tommy is planning to buy a car.I know. By next month, he_enough for a used one.A. saves B .saved C.will save D. will have saved答案 D解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“Tommy 将计划买车。我知道,到下个月为止,他积攒的钱足够买一辆旧车了。”by next month 是将来完成时的标志,全句表示在 将 来next month 之 前 完 成 “积攒足够钱”的 动 作 , 对 将 来 的 时
16、 间 next month 产 生 影 响 , 能 买一辆旧车。 故 选 D。17.(2011 福建卷,32)Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they from China.A.receive B.are receiving C.have received D.had received答案 D解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“上个月,日本政府对来自于中国的援助表示了感谢。”expressed 是过去时,接受中国的援助发生在 expressed 之前,是过去的过去,故用过去完成时。选 D。1
17、8.(2011 安徽卷, 32)I didnt ask for the name list. Why _on my desk?I put it there just now in case you needed it.A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed答案 B解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“我并没有要这份名单。为什么我的桌子上放着这东西?这是我刚刚放的,以备你需要。”I didnt ask for 和 I put it there just now 都表示过去的动作,很有迷惑性,但 Why has i
18、t landed on my desk?是到说话时为止的情况,名 单 在桌 面 上 。 现 在 完 成 时 表 示 过 去 发 生 的 对 现 在 有 影 响 的 动 作 , 故 选 B。19. (2011 浙江卷 ,15) The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant_in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given用心 爱心 专心 4答案 C解析:考查
19、动词的时态。句意为“经理担心着他的助手代替他所举办的新闻发布会。幸运的是,一切进展顺利。”was worried about 和 everything was going on smoothly 都是过去时,排除 B 选项。经理担心的时候正是助手举办新闻发布会之时,过 去 进 行 时 表 示 过 去 某 时 正在 进 行 的 动 作 , 排 除 表 示 过 去 完 成 时 的 D 选 项 。 A 选 项 gave 表示过去的动作发生过,这与后面 everything was going on smoothly 不符,因为事情还在进展中,故选 C。20.(2011 四川卷,9)All visit
20、ors to this village _ with kindness.A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated 答案 B解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意为“所有到这个村子的来访者都会受到善意的接待。”表示经常性或习惯性的动作,用一般现在时。来访者与招待存在着被动关系。由于没有交代过去时间,had been treated 过去的过去不能用。因此选 B。21.(2011 四川卷,19)What a mistake!Yes. I his doing it another way, but without success
21、.A.was suggesting B.will suggest C.would suggest D.had suggested答案 D解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“多么严重的错误呀!是的,我曾经建议他换个方法做,但他没听。”他犯错误发生在过去,我提建议发生在他犯错误之前,是过去的过去,故用过去完成时。这里不是再现当时提建议的情景,故不用 was suggesting。选 D。22.(2011 重庆卷,21)That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who _the piano upstairs?A. has played B. played C.
22、plays D. is playing答案 D解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“那首乐曲听起来相当熟悉。是谁在楼上弹钢琴?”在听的过程中才发出谁在弹钢琴的疑问,sound 用的是现在时,交代的时间是现在,故选 D。23.(2011 重庆卷,31)Look at the pride on Toms face. He to have been praised by the manager just now.A.seemed B.seems C.had seemed D.is seeming答案 B解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“看 Tom 脸上骄傲的表情,他似乎刚才受到了经理的表扬。”look at 祈
23、使句交代了时间是现在,seem 表心理判断,没有进行时态,故选 B。24.(2011 陕西卷,12)His first novel good reviews since it came out last month. A.receives B.is receiving C.will receive D.has received答案 D解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“他的第一本小说自上个月出版以来受到了好评。”since自从以来,引导含有过去时的从句时,主句用现在完成时。故选 D。25.(2011 湖南卷,22)John, what _in your hand?Look! Its a birthd
24、ay gift for my grandma.A had you held B are you holding C do you hold D will you hold 答案 B解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“John,你手里拿的是什么?看,这是给我奶奶的生日礼物。”两人对话以现在时间为参考点,现在(说话人说话时) 对方 hold 这个动作正在发生,故用现在进行时。选 B。用心 爱心 专心 526.(2011 湖南卷,27) In 1492, Columbus_ on one of the Bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off
25、India.A. lands B. landed C. has landed D.had landed 答案 B解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“在 1492 年,哥伦布登上了巴哈马群岛,但他误以为是印度的岛屿。”in 1492 是过去时的标志,后面叙述的是在这一年里发生的事情。题目没有明确说明“登陆”是发生在“误解”之前的动作,因此,这两个行为都统一在 1492 年里,排除 D,故选 B。27.(2011 湖南卷,30)It is the most instructive lecture that I _ since I came to this school.A. attended B. ha
26、d attended C. am attending D. have attended 答案 D解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“自从我到这个学校以来,这是我所听到的最有教育意义的演讲。”since 自从以来,引导过去时的从句时,主句用现在完成时。选 D。28.(2011 湖南卷,34)In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _ by scentists.A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be made 答案 D解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意为“在不久的将来,科
27、学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进展。”in the near future 表明了将来的时间,more advances 与 make 主谓关系上存在着被动,故选 D。29. (2011 辽宁卷,28) Ill go to the library as soon as I finish what I .A. was doing B. am doing C. have done D. had been doing答案 B解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“我一完成眼下正在做的事情就去图书馆。”主句是将来时,时间状语从句用现在时。finish 与选项 C 的 have done 矛盾,故选 B。30.
28、(2011 辽宁卷,34) By the time Jack returned home from England, his son from college.A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been graduating D. had graduated答案 D解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“当杰克从英国返回家时,他的儿子已经大学毕业了。”by the time 到 时候为止,一般与完成时连用。选 D。31.(2011 江西卷 30)We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody _
29、into the office during the night.A.broke B. had broken C.has broken D.was breaking答案:B解析:考查动词的时态。句意为“我们在早晨到达工作地点时,发现有人在前一天晚上闯进了我们的办公室。”两个时间点,“有人闯进了办公室”发生在“我们到达”之前,是过去的过去,用过去完成时,选 B。2010 年高考题1. (10 上海 28)Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health. A. are having B. ha
30、ve C. have had D. had had答案:B用心 爱心 专心 6考点:本题考查时态。解析:根据时间状语 every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时,因此答案选 B。2.(10 上海 31)The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored答案:D考点:本题考查被动语态。解析:Restore 意思为修复,而最后
31、一句表明工程还未完成,因此为正在修复中,答案选D. 3.(10 福建 28)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns. A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised 答案:D考点:现在完成时的被动语态4.(10 福建 28)Guess what, weve got our visas for a short-term visit
32、 to the UK this summer. -How nice! You a different culture then. A. will be experiencing B. have experienced C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced 答案:A考点:考查将来进行时解析:-猜猜看,我们已经得到了今年夏天去香港的短期签证-太棒了,你到时候将会感受到不同的文化5.(10 安徽 28)-Were you surprised by the ending of the film?-No, I _the book, so I
33、 already knew the story?A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read答案:B. 考点:本题考查时态用法。解析:句意为“我看过书了,已知道这个故事”。在“knew”前已看过,故用过去完成时。6. (10 安徽 34)-Weve spent too much money recently. -well, it isnt surprising. Our friend and relatives _around all the time A. are coming B. had come C. were coming
34、 D. have been coming答案:D. 考点:本题考查时态用法。解析:句意为“近来我们花了太多钱了。-并不惊奇,近来朋友和亲戚总是来访。”用have been coming 表示从过去到现在一直所发生的动作。7.(10 湖南 24)This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names答案:A考点:考查动词时态和语态。用心 爱心 专心 7解析:根据主语“This coastal area”与 name 之间的被动关系排除 B、D 两项。根据
35、句中的 last year 判断用一般过去时,故选 A 项。8.(10 湖南 27)I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you?A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do答案:B考点:考查动词时态。解析:该空动作发生在 was just going to cut 之前,即表示过去的过去,故用过去完成时态。句意为:“我正要剪切我的蔷薇丛但(发现)有人已经将它剪切了。是你干的吗?”9. (10 湖南 31)I walked slowly through the
36、market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold答案:B考点:考查动词时态。解析:根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”,即表示过去某时正在发生的动作,故选 B 项。10. (10 湖南 3
37、4)Im tired out. . I all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything. A. shopped B. have shoppedC. had shopped D. have been shopping答案 D考点:考查动词时态。解析:句意为:“我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物,我好像什么事都没做成似的。”由语境可判断选 D 项。11.(10 江西 30)Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _ since her marriage to Father. A s
38、houlders B shouldered C is shouldering D has been shouldering答案:考点:考察时态。解析:在本句 since 表示自从过去到现在, 所以用现在完成时, 现在完成进行时为现在完成时的一种。12.(10 山东 29)The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid答案: A考点:本题考查 with 复合结构的用法 /被动语态。解
39、析: with 复合结构的构成是“with+ 宾语+宾语补足语”,由于 table 与 lay(搁放)之间用心 爱心 专心 8是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以空格处用过去分词表示被动。13.(10 山东 30)Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. savesC. had saved D. has saved答案:D考点:本题考查动词时态的用法。解析:句意应为“截止到现在,这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。”up to now 是现在完
40、成时态的标志,所以空格处使用现在完成时态。14.(10 天津 4)We on this project for four hours. Lets have a rest. A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked答案:B. 考点:考查动词时态。句意:我们在这项工程上一直工作了四个小时了。咱们休息一会。解析:从句子的时间状语 for four hours 和后面的句子 Lets have a rest 可知,动作从过去发生,到说话的时候一直在进行着,所以此处要用现在完成进行时态。 15. (10 天津 10)Tradi
41、tional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited答案:C. 考点:考查被动语态。句意:想剪纸一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在 2010 上海世博会的文化展览中展出。解析:因为 2010 年上海世博会现在还在进行着,所以像剪纸一样的天津传统民间艺术品也是“正在被展览”,所以用现在进行时态的的被动
42、语态形式。16.(10 四川 11)In many peoples opinion,that company ,though relatively small,is pleasant Ato deal with B dealing with Cto be dealt with Ddealt with答案:A 考点:考查不定式主动表被动。解析:在某些形容词后经常用不定式的主动形式表被动,此时,不定式动作和句子的主语存在动宾关系。又如:The apartment is comfortable to live in. 17.(10 四川 16)一 When shall we restart our
43、business?一 Not until we our planAwill finish Bare finishingCare to finish Dhave finished答案:D 考点:考查动词时态。解析:在状语从句中,经常用一般现在时表将来时,用现在完成时表将来完成时。此处用心 爱心 专心 9为 until 引导的时间状语从句,故用现在完成时,选 D。意为 “直到我们完成我们的计划,我们才重新开始我们的生意。”18(10 四川 18)Youve failed to do what you to and Im afraid the teacher will blame youAwill
44、expect Bwill be expectedCexpected D were expected答案:D 考点:考查动词时态。解析:句中 you 与 expect 存在被动关系,首先排除 C。又有 have failed 提示应是过去你被期盼做的事,故应为过去时,正确答案为 D。19.(10 全国21)Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?No , I _ my homework all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do答案 A 句意:你读完了 Jane Eyre 吗?没有,我
45、昨天一直做作业。解答:根据选项此题考察时态,此题可以根据句意解答,也可以使用排除法。A 表示一段时间内持续进行且未完成的动作使用进行时。题干中有 all day yesterday 时间提示为过去,应该选择与过去相关的时态,排除 D。B 为过去将来时不符合题意,C 过去完成时是过去的过去,使用过去完成时题目中需要有一般过去时,题干中没有一般过去时因此也排除。20.(10 全国21)When you are home , give a call to let me know you _ safely. A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived
46、D. will arrive答案:B句意:当你到家的时候,打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了。解答:根据选项此题考察时态。此题可以根据句意也可以使用排除法。 句意为“ 当你到家的时候,打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了”B 选项使用现在完成时表示将来完成,译为“已经”。同时也可以使用排除法,arrive 既可以使用现在进行时表示将来也可以用will + do 表示将来,因此 A 和 D 同时排除,C 为过去完成时,使用过去完成时时句中一定要有一般过去时,过去完成时是过去的过去,因此 C 也排除,选择 B. 21.(10 全国32)The discovery of gold in Australia l
47、ed thousands to believe that a fortune _. A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made 答案:C句意:在澳洲金矿的发现使千百人相信将会发财。用心 爱心 专心 10解答:根据选项此题考察时态和语态。make fortune 译为 “发财”,make 在句中需要使用被动形式,因此排除 B 和 D,题干中 led 提示时间为过去,因此选择 C。be to do 译为“将会将要”,was to be made 表示过去将来。22.(10 江苏 23)why, Jack, you look so tired! Well, I _the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting选 D。我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在,而且到明天才会完成。所以用现在完成进行时23.(10 江苏