1、 1 / 10中考专题七:形容词 副词I. 形容词一、形容词的一般用法1. 作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。 Its a cold and windy day.2. 作表语,放在系动词的后面。(look,feel,smell,sound.) He looks happy today.3. 形容词修饰 something,anything,nothing,everything 等复合不定代词时,须放在其后。Would you like something hot to drink?4. 表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。How long is the river? Its
2、about two hundred metres long.5. 只能作表语的形容词:afraid;alone;asleep;awake;alive;well 健康的;ill;frightenedThe man is ill.(正) The ill man is my uncle.(误)6. 只能作定语的形容词:little 小的;only 唯一的;wooden 木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder 年长的My elder brother is in Beijing.(正)My brother is elder. (误)7. 貌似副词的形容词:lonely;friendly;lively;
3、lovely 二、形容词常用句型1.“Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样” 。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth 注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如good,kind,nice,polite ,clever ,foolish ,lazy ,careful,careless,right(正确的) ,wrong 等。2 / 10Its very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样” 。
4、=To do sth is adj for sb .注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有important,necessary,difficult,easy,hard,dangerous,safe,useful,pleasant,interesting,impossible 等。Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)3.表示感情或情绪的形容词,如 glad,pleased,sad,thankful 等常接不定式。Im very sad
5、to hear the bad news.4.表示能力和意志的形容词,如 ready(乐意的,有准备的) ,able(有能力的),sure(一定) ,certain(一定)等常接不定式。Lei Feng is always ready to help others. He is sure to get to school on time. 副词 一、副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为:方式副词:well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly程度副词:very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite地点副词:here,there,out,somewher
6、e,abroad,home时间副词:today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still频度副词:always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never否定副词:no,not,neither,nor3 / 10疑问副词:where,how,why其他:also,too,only二、副词的基本用法:1). 副词是用来修饰形容词、其他副词,一般放在被修饰词之前. He plays the piano very well .2). 副词是用来修饰动词,常放在动词之后. He got up quickly3). enough 修饰 adj /
7、adv 时,放在其后. He is old enough to go to school .三、常见副词用法辨析1.already 与 yet 的区别already 用于肯定句句中,表示“已经” ;yet 用于否定句句末,表示“还” ,用于疑问句句末,表示“已经”He had_left when I called. Have you found your ruler_?2 very,much 和 very much.的区别very 用于修饰形容词或副词的原级;much 用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级;修饰动词要用 very much.John is _ honest. This garden i
8、s_ bigger than that one. Thank you _.3.so 与 such 的区别so 修饰形容词或副词;such 修饰名词,My brother runs so fast that I cant follow him.He is such a boy.so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数4 / 10such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词He is _ clever a boy.=He is _ a clever boy. It is_cold weather. They are _good students. 名词前有 man
9、y ,much, few ,little (少量的) 用 so 不用 such .(多多少少仍用 so)但 little 表示 “小的” 用 such. There are _ little sheep on the hill .4.also,too,as well 与 either 的区别also,as well,too,用于肯定句,also 常用于 be 动词,情态动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前;as well,too 用于句末;either 用于否定句中,置于句末。例如,My father is a teacher. My mother is _a teacher.=My father
10、is a teacher. My mother is a teacher _.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher,_.I cant speak French Jenny cant speak French,_.5.sometime,sometimes,some time 与 some times 的区别sometime:表示将来的或过去的某一个不确定的时间。sometimes:有时,不时的= at times some time:一段时间some times:几次,几倍Well have a test _next month. _ w
11、e are busy and sometimes we are not.He stayed in Beijing for _ last year. I have been to Beijing _.5 / 106.ago 与 before 的区别ago 表示以现在为起点的“以前” ,常与一般过去时连用,不可以单独使用。before 指过去或将来的某时刻“以前” ,也可泛指以前,常和完成时连用,可以单独使用。I saw him ten minutes _. He told me that he had seen the film_.7.now,just 与 just now 的区别now:与一般
12、现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用,意为“现在”just:与现在完成时连用,表示“刚”just now:和过去时连用,表示“刚才”Where does he live_? We have _ seen the film. He was here_. 8.lonely / alone 的区别1).alone 独自一人/没有同伴, 既可作 adj 也可作 adv.2).lonely 表示孤独,寂寞, 也可修饰地点,表示荒凉,偏僻的,常与 feel 连用。3).alone 只作表语 (以 a 开头的形容词一般只作表语,不作定语)而 lonely 既可作表语,也可作定语)He lives _ on a
13、 _ island . He is _ ,but he doesnt feel _.9.fast /quickly /soon 的区别.fast 表示速度之快 quickly 表示动作之快 soon 表示时间之快Im leaving home this afternoon . Really ? Why so _?A.fast B.soon C.quickly D.early 6 / 101.【2011连云港】I think winter is a beautiful season,_ when it snows.Me, too.A. specially B. especially C. pro
14、bably D. properly2.【2011连云港】How amazing the noodle is!Yes, it is _,and breaks the Guinness World Record as the longest handmade noodle.A.1,704meterlong B.1,704meterslong C.1,704 meter long D.1,704 meters long3.【2011连云港】After the earthquake in Japan, we are trying to help the _ people to rebuild thei
15、r homes.A. harmless B. endless C. useless D. homeless4.【2011北京】We have a lovely room. Its one of _ _ in the hotel,A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest5.【2011陕西】He has read many books on history, so its _ for him lo answer these questions.A. hard B. impossible C. easy D. serious6.【2011陕西】When he
16、heard a cry for help, he ran out as _ as he could. A. hardly B. quickly C. finally D. slowly7.【2011清远】Li Hua studies English very _and her English is _in her class.A. careful, good B. carefully, well C. careful, best D. carefully, the best7 / 108.【2011广西百色】Those toys for children look _ and sell _.A
17、. good; lovely B. lovely; good C. well; lovely D. lovely; well9.【2011桂林】Li Huas shoes are as _ as Zhang Huis. A. cheap B. cheaper C. the cheaper D. the cheapest10.【河北省2011】Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to be _ for me.A. difficult B. too difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult11.【201
18、1黑龙江绥化市】Li Kai jumped_in the long jump. He won the game!A. farthest B. highest C. longest12.【2011江苏徐州】Weve got no coffee. Lets have tea _.A. either B. however C. yet D. instead13.【2011内蒙古包头】Do you like the film?Yes, I do. In fact, Ive never seen a _ one.A. good B. better C. worse D. bad14.【2011湖南湘潭】
19、Bill,whos the little boy in the picture?Its me. I am much _, arent I?A strong B stronger C strongest15.【2011 哈尔滨】English people cant give up hamburgers or fried chicken because theyre delicious. However, the French are changing. They arent interested in _ food like before.A. fast B. healthy C. natur
20、al16.【2011 呼和浩特】-What do you think of Toms speaking?8 / 10-No one does _ in our class.A. good B. better C. well D. best17.【2011 四川达州】Up to now the Chinese Communist Party(中国 GCD)has nearly _ history.Yes, it was founded _ July 23rd, 1921.A. 90 years; at B. 90-year; in C. 90-years; of D. 90-year; on18
21、. The bag of rice is _ heavy for Tom to carry. Lets go and help him.A. too B. so C. very19.【2011四川广元】For a foreigner like me, the more I learn about Chinese history, _I enjoy living in China.A. the better B. the more C. the best20.【2011四川南充】China is one of_ countries in the world.A. larger B. larges
22、tC. the largest1. 答案:B 【解析】考查副词的用法。句意:冬季是一个漂亮的季节,尤其是下雪时。specially“特意地;专门地” ;specially“尤其;特别” ,在句中通常作状语,用来加强语气,后面常跟要强调的内容;probably“大概,或许,很可能” ; properly“恰当地;正确地” 。2. 答案:D 【解析】考查复合形容词的使用。1,704-meter-long 作定语,而它后没有要修饰的词;B 答案错误;C 中 1704 修饰 meter,少了 s;故选 D。3. 答案:D 【解析】考查形容词。句意;日本地震后,我们努力帮助无家可归的人重建家园。题干中涉
23、及 rebuild their homes,可推出是无家可归的人。4. 答案:D 【解析】考查点:本题考查形容词比较级别的用法。这里不知道9 / 10旅馆多少间房子,需要最高级,且前面有冠词 the,所以选择答案 D。5. 答案:C 【解析】考查点:本题考查形容词的词义。 hard “困难的” ;impossible“不可能的” ;easy“容易的” ;serious“严肃的” 。句意为“她读了很多关于历史的书籍,所以对他来说回答这样的问题很容易” 。故选 C。6. 答案:B 【解析】考查点:本题考查副词的词义。 hardly “困难的” ;quickly “飞快地” ;finally “最后
24、地” ;slowly “慢慢地” 。句意为“当听到呼救声的时候,他尽可能快地跑了过去” 。故选 B。7. 答案:D 【解析】考查形容词和副词的用法。句意及 studies English 为动词词组,修饰动词得用副词修饰,排除 A 和 C。is 是系动词,排除 B。在她班上,她的英语是最好的。故选 D。8. 答案:D 【解析】第一个空要用一个形容词作表语,第二个空要用副词来修饰动词。9. 答案:A 【解析】形容词的比较等级。as。 。 。as 表示“和一样” ,中间加形容词的原级。因此选 A。10. 答案:D 【解析】考查形容词比较等级,由比较范围 of all the subjects 可知
25、:用最高级形式。11. 答案:A 【解析】词义辨析。根据情境,在跳远比赛中,要用 farthest 修饰 jump。12. 答案:D13. 答案:B 【解析】本题考查形容词的比较级的。A 项意为“好的” ;B 项意为“更好” ;C 项意为“更坏” ;D 项意为“坏的” 。句意“你喜欢这个电影吗?”“是的,我喜欢。实际上,我从未看过_的电影” 。根据句意可知这个电影比以前看的要好,故用比较级,故选 B。14. 答案:B 【解析】本题考查形容词比较级的用法。根据题意:-Bill,照片10 / 10上的小男孩是谁?-是我,我那时更壮一点,是不是?much 经常修饰形容词比较级,表示更。故本题选 B。
26、15. 答案:A 【解析】考查形容词辨析 根据句意:英国人依然留恋汉堡和炸鸡,而法国人在改变。他们不再像从前,对快餐感兴趣了。16. 答案:B 【解析】形容词比较级 此题是隐藏性的比较级。 “你认为汤姆的口语怎样” “在我们班没人比他说得好” 。17. 答案:D 【解析】本题考查复合形容词和介词的用法。90-year 表示 90 年的,在句中作定语。on 表示在某个具体的时间,in 表示在模糊的时间。根据题意:-到现在中国 GCD 已经有接近 90 年的历史了。-是的,它是 1921 年 7 月 23日建立的。故本题选择 D。18. 答案:A 【解析】固定搭配。句意:对汤姆来说,这袋大米太重,他搬不动,让我们去帮帮他。too.to.为固定搭配,意为“太而不能” 。19. 答案:B 【解析】副词比较级用法。句意:对于像我这样的外国人来说,我对中国历史了解的越多,我就越喜欢住在中国。由句意可知,这是“the +比较级,the+比较级”结构,故选 B。20. 答案:C 【解析】考查比较级和最高级的用法。“one of the +形容词的最高级+名词复数“表示:最的之一。句意:中国是世界上最大的国家之一。