1、中考英语阅读理解做题解读中考英语阅读理解要占到整个试题比例的 60%左右，阅读理解是真正考查学生英语综合水平（包括：词汇、短语、语法、逻辑判断、综合分析和做题技巧等多项能力的考查） ，因此，掌握一定得做题技巧，对于阅读能力的提高还是必不可少的。按照历年中考题型来看，阅读理解主要分为：选择型和任务型阅读理解两种形式。一、选择型阅读理解：该类型题目主要以事实情节，主题思想，段落大意为主，有时也推测词汇、短语和句子的含义。主要解题方法有以下步骤：1、快速浏览全文，了解文章大概。浏览时要注意以下句子：每段的开头和结尾，重要的情节句子，如果遇到未学或不认识的单词或不理解的句子，可以根据上下文猜测，切不可
2、停留而放慢速度。2、浏览问题，明确要求。把文章后每个题目内容看明白，这样又能辅助进一步理解文章的主要内容，具体做题时就能对号入座，找到文章中确切表达所要回答问题的关键句子。3、根据所掌握的做体内容，进行通篇寻读。也就是带着问题去读，找到要回答问题的关键词、句或意群，以及任何有关答题的信息，用铅笔划下来，以便为下一步答题做好充分准备。4、逐条分析，对号入座。把需要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析，对号入座。一般来说，出题者问题设计都是按照文章内容自上到下顺序设计的，根据难度先解决容易的，最后解决深层次的理解题。5、复读全文，验证答案。全部题目做完后，必须再仔细阅读一遍全文，进一步加深对文章理
3、解，核实所选答案是否正确。选择型阅读理解主要设计题型有以下三种：1、事实细节题：主要针对文章某一事实现象或逻辑推理分析提出问题，可以通过浏览、寻读和对号入座等方法快速找到正确答案。常见的设问方式有：Which of the following is true/false? All of the statements may be true/false exceptWhich of the following is not the result of? What does the writer mean/pay attention to?2、主旨大意题：主题句大多位于段首或段末，有时也会出现在段
4、落中间，要在浏览后进行寻读时通过分析得到。中心思想也是此类题考查的内容，要在快速浏览时抓住文章主题，以及突出主题的关键句子或者关键词。另外，还要求能针对文章中心思想迅速确定能准确体现文章中心思想的标题。常见的设问方式有：Whats the main idea of this passage? What does the passage mainly discuss?What the writer wants to tell is that _. Whats the best title of this passage?3、猜测词义题：主要方法还是要通过上下文语法、构词法、代词指代、描写、同义反
5、义关系以及文章中定义或解释来推理、猜测该词的大体意思。常见的设问方式有：The word”refers to/probably means_.The underlined word”could be replaced by_.What do you think the expression”stands for?Which of the following words can take the place of the word”?阅读理解文章主要有以下三类：1、 故事类：一般为记述文体，常对文中某一细节进行考查，而读后简要合理的推理判断是命题重点，确定文章中心或标题也是重点之一。2、 科普类
6、：一般为说明文体，需要特别理解，合理推断和归纳，对细节进行考察，也是命题亮点。这类文体有时词汇量较多难懂，需要特别耐心去理解和推敲。3、 图文广告、应用问题类：主要考查图标识别能力，并能推算要求的数据，我们的知识积累对答题很重要。2010 年青岛市中考试题选择型阅读理解分析：VI.阅读理解阅读下列短文，做出正误判断或选出最佳答案。A 篇为判断正(A) 误(B) 题,B 、C 篇为选择题。 （共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分）ACHILDRENS BOOKSHELFBlack Baby, White Hands ： A View From the Cribby Dr. Jaiya J
7、ohnSoul Water Rising. May 2005$17. ISBN 0-971-33081-6The author is a young African American who was adopted(收养）from the crib(婴儿床）by a white family in New Mexico in the 1970s. Dr. John tells about his feelings as he was trying to understand how best to deal with them.Hewitt Andersons Great Big Lifeby
8、 Jerdine Nolen，illustrated(插图 ）by Kadir NelsonSimon Schuster Books for Young Readers. January 2005$ 16. 95. ISBN 0-689-86866-9Ages 5 10Hewitt is everything his parents could want in a son. But theres just one problem“hes very, very small while other members of his family are all proud giants(巨人）.But
9、 it turns out that Hewitts great，big character is all he really needs.36. Jaiya John is from Mexico.37. Dr John is more than 30 years old now.38. Hewitt Andersons Great Big Life costs $ 17.39. Hewitt Andersons Great Big Life is written for children aged 5 10.40. Hewitt is a proud giant.分析：该材料为应用文体类，
10、是对出版书目的书名、作者、出版社、出版时间、书号、价格和故事情节的简介所以，快速浏览后，有些同学会感到比较生涩（因为有许多人名比较生） ，没关系，浏览完后，仔细阅读 36-40 所要求判断正误的 5 个题目，句子结构还是比较简单的，然后对号入座，回头针对所提出的问题一一比对会发现：36.Jaiya John is from Mexico. B 文中介绍 Jaiya John 是来自 New Mexico 而不是 Mexico,37. Dr John is more than 30 years old now.A 文中说 in the 1970s，由此可知已经 30 年以上。38. Hewitt
11、 Andersons Great Big Life costs $ 17.B 文中说$ 16. 95.所以不是 costs $1739. Hewitt Andersons Great Big Life is written for children aged 5 10.A 文中说 Ages 5 1040. Hewitt is a proud giant.B 文中说 hes very, very small while other members of his family are all proud giants(巨人）BStudents in our school have one thin
12、g in common-an interest in sports. According to their different aims in doing sports, they fall into three groups.Many students go to the playground when they feel tired after a few hours of study. These students put much more stress on their study efficiency(效率）than the fun of sports. They just wan
13、t to go back to their classrooms from the playground with a clearer and quicker mind. So they dont actually care whether they can enjoy themselves on the playground. Most of them choose long-distance running, the kind of exercise which few real sportsmen like. So this group of students can be well r
14、egarded as study-oriented participants(参加者）.Students that make up the second group are real sports lovers. Sometimes they even put aside their studies for a match. They participate in the sport that interests them most, not caring whether it is good for their health. They may be called fun-oriented
15、sports participants.The third group want beauty from sports. Boys want to become strong； girls want to be slim and graceful. Those who consider sports the only way of losing weight also belong to this group. They are very careful in choosing the kind of exercise they do, and are afraid that certain
16、sports may influence their body shapes. The proper name for this group may be beauty-oriented sports participants.No matter which group we belong to, we all benefit(受益）from sports. If you look around the school yard, you will find that bookworms have disappeared, and instead, there are healthy, stro
17、ng, clever and modernized students everywhere.41. The common interest of the three groups is .A. study B. sports C. fun D. beauty42. The study-oriented group .A. think the study efficiency is more important B. enjoy themselves on the playgroundC. choose long-distance running as real sportsmen do D.
18、want to study sports43. Which of the followings belongs to the second group?A. They care if sports are good for their health. B. Mostly they are interested in the sports.C. They want to have a clearer and quicker mind. D. They choose the kind of exercise they do carefully.44. In the beauty-oriented
19、group, students .A. just want to lose weight B. want to be strongC. want enough exercise D. think beauty is the most important45. According to the passage，we can find all over the school yard.A. students are good at sports B. bookworms have appearedC. healthy, strong, clever and modernized students
20、D. students belong to many different groups分析：【文章大意】我们学校的学生除了学习外还有一个共同的爱好一运动。作者按运动的目的将学生分成了三种类型：学习型、趣味型和健美型。41. B 根据文章第一句可知，三 组人都喜爱 sports，故选 B。42. A 根据第二段中第二句可 知，学习型参加者认为学习效率更重要。故选 A。43. B 根据第三段内容及 real sports lover 可知，第二组人大多对运动感兴趣。故选 B。44. D 根据第四段内容可知，这组人把健美作为运动目的。而且本段第一句也提到 want beauty from sport
21、s。故选 D45. C 根据文章最后一句话可 知，校园里到处是健康、强壮、聪明、现代化的学生。故选 C。由此我们可以看出，文章的每一段第一句很重要，文章的结尾一句更重要，往往点明了整篇文章的主旨。CAfter finals，I was ready to move out. It wasnt too hard for me, but for a lot of my friends, it was a big event. After packing my suitcase and helping my friends move，it was time to say goodbye. I had
22、reached the end of my first year in the university!A friend from Chinese Taipei who is studying in Washington D. C. came to visit, so my brother and I took him sightseeing. But these were not this months highlights. The high point was coming back home, a moment Id been expecting since the day I left
23、.I arrived home early on the morning of May 15th. When I saw my parents，I gave them a big hug and kiss. Being at home with my parents, standing on this land， and feeling the humid and hot air，I knew I was home. The first thing I did was to go to Mei（2)(3)题，每题 1 分; （4) （7)题， 每题 0.5 分。(6 分）Who What to
24、 dospent three years (1) .Peoplethe special technique to perfect the fireworks.The large number of visitors to the Expoare bringing (2) ，long lines at many pavilions，(3) .Visitors collect the stamps in the Expo passports or ask the pavilion staff to stamp (4) ， （5) ， (6) and (7) .该部分任务型阅读题型比较丰富，包含了根
25、据短文回答问题，总结段落大意，汉译英，同义句辨析以及填写文后所缺失信息：1）根据短文内容填表，可以填词，也可以填写句子。分析：B.【文章大意】本文以当下国人引以为豪的上海世博会为背景， 摘录了三条新闻。新闻一：体现高科技的开幕式焰火；新闻二 ：随着大批游客的拥入,世博会面临的垃圾问题新闻三：世博的护照热销。News 1. b 短文讲述世博会开幕式的高科技焰火， 故选 High technique fireworks。News 2. c 短文谈到世博会开始几天由于人多而 产生了大量的垃圾。故选 Trash results at the Expo。News 3. a 短文讲述人们热衷于收集世博会护
26、照 印章，故选 Passport become hot at the Expo02.本句意思是：除了 30 元的护照，参观者想出一些其他方法 来收集印章。短文中与之意思相近的是：Visitors are coming up with creative ways to collect the stamps without using the 30-yuan passports.3.随着参观者/游客的到来，产生了 (大量的)垃圾( 问题)。4. About 800,000 visitors.由短文中 About 160,000 visitors a day during the first fiv
27、e days of the Expo operation (运转 ）created nearly 200 tons of waste each day.通过计算 可得出前五天的总人数。5. (1) (in) doing the research and development of/on the research and development of/researching and developing 短文中主语讲的是某项技术，所花的时间用. take.结构；完成信息部分主语换成 people，与之搭配的结构是 spend. on sth.，spend doing sth.，spend in
28、 doing sth（主要考查“花。 。 。 ”句型转换用法）(2)traffic pressure (3)more waste 根据第二段短文中第二段句子很容易看出世博会带来的三大难题：交通压力、排队等候和大量垃圾(4) (their) maps (5)books (6) newspapers (7)(even) T-shirt 根据短文第三段最后一句可以看出游客要求展馆工作人员盖章的物品五花八门，分别是：地图、书、报纸甚至 T 恤衫。2010 年龙岩阅读理解题：. 任务型阅读 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 阅读下列短文，根据内容回答问题并翻译一个句子。请将答案填写在答题卡
29、上Betty,I hope youre well. Im on holiday in London with my friend Jenny. We arrived by plane on Monday and took a taxi to our hotel. I went for a walk in Hyde Park but Jenny didnt come with me because she was tired.Then on Tuesday we saw the clock, Big Ben, and Buckingham Palace. Queen Elizabeth live
30、s in the Palace, but we didnt see her ! I bought some presents but Jenny didnt buy anything!The next day we visited the British Museum and had dinner in a Chinese restaurant!On Thursday morning we relaxed. Then we went to Tower Bridge on the River Thames and looked at the city. Its very big!Finally
31、today I did some shopping and Jenny listened to a concert in the park. I came back to the hotel and read the newspaper. Then I wrote some postcards and sent some emails. I took lots of photos and Im sending them with this email to you!Tomorrow were going to fly home. It was a short holiday, but it w
32、as great! Say hello to your mum and dad.Love, Gran106. How did Gran and Jenny go to London for a holiday?107. Why didnt Jenny go for a walk in Hyde Park?108. Did Jenny buy anything on Tuesday?109. When will Gran and Jenny go back home?110. 请将划线句子翻译成汉语。2010 年兰州任务型阅读理解题：(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 仔细阅读下面
33、的短文并按要求完成后面的题。The giant panda is one of the most popular animals in the world. A giant panda can grow up to 1.5 meters long and weigh up to 160kg. People think the giant panda is very lovely. So it is not surprising that the World Wide Fund for Nature chose the giant panda as its symbol. The WWF tel
34、ls people about animals that they are in danger and raises money to save them.The giant panda only lives in the wild in China. In the early 1980s, were only 1,000 left in the wild. The main reason why pandas are endangered is that the area where pandas can live has become smaller. The WWF works to h
35、elp giant pandas in the wild in many ways. One of the ways that helps them is to increase the size of panda reserves(自然保护区). Some reserves need to be joined together by planting bamboo between them to make “corridors”. These are paths that lead from one reserve to another. No one may harm the pandas
36、 in these areas. The corridors let pandas move from one habitat(栖息地) to another to look for food. People are working very hard to make sure the giant panda does not die out. 76. How long and heavy can a giant panda grow to be?_77. 将文中划线的句子改为被动句。So it is not surprising that _by the World Wide Fund for Nature.78. Why are the giant pandas endangered?_79. Give a way to help the giant pandas in the wild, please._80. 将文中划线的句子翻译成中文。
