1、过去分词,不 定 式,-ing形式,非谓语动词,动词不定式主动式 被动式 一般式 to do to be done 完成 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing 完成进行式 to have been doing,作主语,1.To master a foreign language is really important nowadays. 2.To walk in the street this evening will be nice.,作定语,1.Do you have anything to say?2.There are a lot
2、 of TV sets to choose from.3.Betty was the first to know the truth.,作状语,目的状语: He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard. 原因状语: They jumped with joy to hear the news. 结果状语： Im too tired to walk any further tonight.,They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. 插入语 To tell you the truth/t
3、o be frank, I forgot all about it.,作宾语,1.Fred didnt have any money, so he decided to look for a job. 2.He promised not to tell anyone about it. 3.We dont know how to do the experiment.,作宾补,1.She asked me to stay there. 2.Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you. 3.I consider him to have done wr
4、ong.,4.I heard the clock tick. 5.I liked to listen to the birds sing when I get up early in the morning. 6.Dont make the children do such heavy work. 7.Shall I have him come here?,-ing 形式,doing,being done,doing,having done,having been done,having done,sleeping students,a boring lesson,a smiling face
5、,1.The -ing Form used as Attribute （-ing形式作定语）,boiling water,flying kites,a dancing girl,the rising sun,(1) a swimming man,(2) a swimming pool,(2) a walking stick,(1) a walking man,=a man who is walking,= a stick for walking,Whats the difference between (1) and (2)?,小 结1,-ing形式作定语既可表示动作正在进行（如例（1），此时
6、相当于一个定语从句；又可表示所修饰名词的性质或用途（如例（2）。,a running man,The man running inthe picture is Liu Xiang.,attribute,The man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang.,相当于：,1. The teacher teaching us English is Ms Tang.,Rewrite the following sentences with attributive clauses.,=The teacher who is teaching us Engli
7、sh is Ms Tang.,2. The people sitting behind us are all teachers.,3. The expert coming from Lishui is a lady called Ms Cai.,=The people who are sitting behind us are all teachers.,=The expert who comes from Lishui is a lady called Ms Cai.,单个的-ing形式作定语，放在所修饰的名词前面；-ing短语作定语则放在所修饰的名词之后。,小 结 2,Translate
8、the following phrases.,a reading room,a washing machine,an exciting evening,an interesting crosstalk,阅览室,洗衣机,激动人心的夜晚,有趣的相声,a sleeping car,a smoking room,listening practice,an opening speech,a booking office,running water,卧铺车,吸烟室,听力练习,开幕词,售票处,自来水,I heard the girl singing in the classroom.,I noticed a
9、 long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.,2.The -ing form used as Object Complement（-ing形式作宾语补足语）,The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.,We have the fire burning all day.,动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。,小 结3,能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些：,“五让、三看、两听、一注意、
10、一发现、一感觉”。简单又好记！,make, let, have, keep, leave, look at, see, watch, hear, listen to, notice, find, feel 等。,怎么记？,过去分词,过去分词作状语，一是表被动的动作，二是表动作已经完成。通常作如下几种状语：,过去分词作状语，一是表被动的动作，二是表动作已经完成。通常作如下几种状语：,1. When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.,from the hill, the park looks very beautifu
11、l.,1. 时间状语, 可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等.,2. youd better not speak until you are spoken to.,Until to, youd better not speak.,Seen,spoken,2.原因状语,1. Because the boy was greatly touched by his teachers words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.,Greatly by the teachers words,2. As he was su
12、rprised at what happened, Tom didnt know what to do.,at what happened,touched,Surprised,3.条件状语,1. If we were given more time, we could do it much better.,more time,2. If it is heated to a high temperature, water will change into vapor.,to a high temperature,Given,Heated,4. 让步状语,1. Though they had be
13、en warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.,Though of the storm,2. Even if Im invited, I wont take part in the party.,Even if ,warned,invited,5. 方式、伴随状语,1. The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students.,by a group of students,2. The manager h
14、eld his head high, he walked into the room.,his head high,Followed,Holding,过去分词作定语，表示分词的动作_, 现在分词的被动语态作定语，表示分词的被动动作_，动词不定式的被动语态作定语，表示动词不定式的被动动作_.,已经完成,正在发生,将要发生,注意：过去分词和现在分词作定语意义的不同。,过去分词作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有_关系，表示该动作的_或者_; 现在分词作定语与它所修饰的名词存在逻辑上的_关系，表示该动作的_或者_.,动宾,被动,完成,主谓,主动,进行,注意：过去分词作表语和被动语态不同 The glas
15、s is broken. The glass was broken by Jack. 用作表语的过去分词主要表示动作的完成和状态，相当于一个_词。被动语态的过去分词，动作意味很强，句子的主语是动作的_者，后常跟_引导的短语。,形容词,承受,by,注意：过去分词和现在分词作表语的不同意义。 The story is exciting, so you will be excited when you read it. 过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的_, 主语往往是_, 常译为_；现在分词作表语，往往表示主语所具有的_,主语一般是_, 常译成_.,心理状态,人,“感到的”,特征,物,“令人的”,非谓语动词用法比较详析,基本句子结构,1）主语 + 系词 + 表语They are busy. 2）主语 + 动词 She cried. 3）主语 + 动词 + 宾语She studies English. 4）主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补 We asked him to come back . 5）主语 + 动词 + 间宾 + 直宾Mum bought me a new dress.,
