1、2011年中考英语易错题（18）湖北省宜昌市第五中学 葛 林1. last误This is the newest news.正This is the latest news.析 “最新消息”应为 latest news，因为最晚到的新闻才是最新消息，请注意英语与汉语的区别。last, the last 误I saw my brother the last week.正I saw my brother last week.析当谈到与目前有关的上月、上星期等概念时只能用 last month, last week,而不能加定冠词，the last 可用于表示一系列词的最后一个，如：That was
2、 the last Christmas I spent at home.但 the last 可以用来表示持续到现在的一个长时期，如：I am busy for the last week.2. late 误Yesterday I went home lately.正Yesterday I went home late.析late 既可作形容词又可作副词；而 lately 则意为“最近的” ，如：I havent seen her lately.late, latter, later, lately late 有两个比较级，指时间较晚应用 later，如口语中常讲：See you later.
3、 （一会见。 ）而 latter 则指按顺序讲的后者，或靠后的，其反意词为 former，如：the former president（前总统） 。又如：I can understand the latter part of the story.而 lately 则意为“近来”、 “不久前” 。3. lay 误We lied on the beach.正We lay on the beach.析英文中有三个动词易混，在考试中也频频出现，它们的现在式、过去式、过去分词以及现在分词是： lay ( vt.放) laid, laid, layinglie ( vi.躺) lay, lain cyin
4、glie ( vi. .说谎) lied lied lying4. learn误The teacher said: “You must study this poem by heart.“正The teacher said: “You must learn this poem by heart.“析study 与 learn 在作“学习”讲时，常常可以互换，但 learn 侧重于学习成果或初级阶段的模仿性学习，如：The little baby is learning to walk.而 study 则多侧重于学习的过程，如：Im studying at this college.而 lear
5、n by heart 则是“记住” 、 “背诵”之意。5. leave 误Ill leave Beijing to Shanghai.正Ill leave Beijing for Shanghai.析leave for 一词组为“去某地 ”，如对话中常讲 Ill leave for Shanghai.因所离开的地点是双方都知道的则可以省略。leave, forget 误Ive forgotten my homework at home.正Ive forgotten my homework.正Ive left my homework at home.析如果句中有地点状语则不要用 forget,而
6、要用 leave.6. lesson误I have two lessons of English.正I have two English lessons.正I have two lessons in English.析 “我有两节英语课。 ”这一表达法如上，但美国老师讲他有两节课时则多用“I have two classes.”teach somebody a lesson 为“教训某人” ，或“要吸取教训” ，如：Let this thing teaches you a lesson.7. lend 误Please borrow me your bike.正Please lend me yo
7、ur bike.析borrow 是指“借入” ，如： I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是“借出” ，如：I can lend you my bike.而 keep 为“借多久” ，如 How long can I keep it?8. less 误He has fewer money than she has.正He has less money than she has.析less 是 little 的比较级，而 fewer 是 few 的比较级。要注意前者修饰不可数名词，而后者修饰可数名词。9. let误The teac
8、her lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.正The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.析虽然 let, have, make 有相同的用法，但 make 和 have 含有迫使某人做某事的意思。误Lets go to the park, will you?正Lets go to the park, shall we?误Let us go to the park, shall we?正Let us go to the park, w
9、ill you?析Lets go 的反意疑问句是 shall we?而 Let us go 的反意疑问句则是 will you?10. life误Many people lost their life in the Second World War.正Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.析 life 作为“生命” 、 “性命”时应为可数名词；当泛指一般“生活”讲时则为不可数名词，如：Which do you prefer, town life or country life?又如：Life is not all fun.11
10、. light误There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.正There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.析light 有两个过去分词：lighted 和 lit，当用过去分词作形容词当定语时只能用lighted. light 可以用作名词，如：The moon gets its light from the sun.也可以作形容词，如：The classroom is very light.还可以作动词，如：The little girl lit a match.作形容词时还有“轻”、 “浅”等意，如：This box
11、is light. I like light blue.12. like 误My sister is very as me.正My sister is very like me.析 as 作为连词其后要接从句，如： She is a good student as his brother used to be.而 like 是介词，其后接宾语。 误Do you like swimming with me tonight?正Would you like to swim with me tonight?析like 作为动词当 “喜欢”讲时，其后面可接不定式也可接动名词，用不定式多表达一个一次性的动
12、作，如：Im sorry I dont like to go swimming tonight.用动名词则表示一个习惯性的动作，如：I like swimming very much.like, alike 作为形容词，alike 一般不作定语，而只作表语，如；The twins are very alike.误Would you like swimming with us?正Would you like to swim with us?析在 would you like 这一句型中，其后面只能接不定式，而不能接动名词。like的用法还要注意以下两点： He likes Tom.为“他喜欢汤姆
13、。 ” He is like Tom.为“他像汤姆。 ”第二句话的 like 为介词，而第一句话的 like 为动词。13. listen 误You should hear the teahcers advice.正You should listen to the teachers advice.析hear 多侧重于听到某事或某种声音，而 listen to 则侧重于听的倾向性。如： We listen but hear nothing.例句为 “听取某人意见” ，所以只能用 listen to someones advice.14. little 误Dont worry, there is
14、little time.正Dont worry, there is a little time.误There is a little water. Shall I get some?正There is little water. Shall I get some?析要注意中英文在同一问题上的表达法是不同的。如中文“水不多了，我去取点吧。 ”英文要讲“没水了，我去取点吧。 ”little, small little 与 small 是近义词，在作定语时常常可以互换，如：a little girl 或 a small girl,但little 一般不作表语，如：The car over there
15、 is small.一句中不要用 little.作定语时 little 常常带有感情色彩，而 small 则带有对比的含义。15. live误Tom lives with his parents money.正Tom lives on his parents money.误He lives on teaching.正He lives by teaching.析 “靠吃某物为生”应用 live on something,而 live by 是“靠某种生活手段为生” 。living, alive living 侧重于生活得很好，身体不错，如：My grandfather is still living in his eighties.而alive 则强调没有死而是活着的，如：Is that cat alive or dead?作者简介：葛林，男，中学英语高级教师，曾在21世纪英语报英语学习英语沙龙等报刊杂志发表教学辅导类文章数十篇，并参与数项省部级 科研课题，主要致力于初中英 语中考及解题方法、技巧等教学方面的研究。
