1、2011年中考英语易错题（8）湖北省宜昌市第五中学 葛 林1. come误I came across with an old friend in the street yesterday.正I came across an old friend in the street yesterday.析 come across 是“偶然碰见、遇见” ，要直接加宾语，如：Ive just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine.误A: Where do you come from? B:I come from the station.正A: Where
2、 did you come from? B:I came from the station.正A: Where do you come from? B:I come from China.析 Where do you come from?意为“你是什么地方的人?”而 Where did you come from?则是“你从何处来?”误The stars are coming out from the cloud.正The stars are coming out of the cloud.析come out of 意为“从 地方出来” 。come in, come into, enterco
3、me in 与 come into 的意义相同，但 come into 后面要加宾语，而 come in 后面不用宾语。如 I found someone came into my room. The door opened and the child came in.enter 常作为及物动词使用，如：The bus entered the English tunnel.2. congratulate误I want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart.正I want to congratulate you on you
4、r success with all my heart.析动词 congratulate somebody on something 是“向某人祝贺某事” 。其名词congratulation 在用时一般要用复数，如：I offered him my congratulations on his success. 又如：Congratulations!3. cook误My father is a good cooker.正My father is a good cook.析很多动词加上 er 则变为执行该动作的一种人，如 work - worker, teach - teacher.但 coo
5、k 即是动词“做饭” ，同时名词也是“厨师” 。而 cooker 则是“厨具” 、 “炊具”之意。如：I will cook the dinner. I bought a good press cooker（高压锅） 。4. corner误There is a post office in the corner of the street.正There is a post office at the corner of the street.误A girl sat at the corner of the room.正A girl sat in the corner of the room.析
6、 in the corner 是在建筑物内部的角上，而 at the corner 是在外部的角上，如：There is a big tree at the corner of the building.5. cost误I cost ten dollars for the book.正I spent ten dollars on the book.误I cost two hours to do my homework.正It took me two hours to do my homework.析cost，spend，take 都可以作“花费”讲，但用法不同。cost 的用法是“someth
7、ing + cost + somebody +时间或金钱” ，如：The book cost me ten dollars. spend 的用法是“somebody + spend +时间 + (in)doing something”，如： I spent two hours (in) writing this book.或“somebody + spend +金钱 + on something”，如：I spend two dollars on this book.而take 的用法则要用逻辑主语 it：“It + takes + somebody +时间 + to do something
8、”,如：It took me an hour to clean the classroom.6. country误You can find cows in a country.正You can find cows in the country.析country 即可作“国家”讲，也可作“农村”讲。当作“农村”讲时，一定要加定冠词，而且只有单数形式。误Farmers live in the countries.正Farmers live in the country.析但作为“国家”讲时则可有单、复数形式，例如：Japan is an Asian country. Japan, China, a
9、nd India are Asian countries.另外，country 一般指的是地理概念上的国家，如：New Zealand is an agricultural country.而 nation 多指民族组成的国家，如：The Chinese nation（中华民族） 。state 多侧重于政权方面的区域、国家范围，如：the state farm （国营农场） 。7. cross误There are traffic lights at the cross.正There are traffic lights at the crossing.析cross 作为名词讲时是十字架、十字形
10、的东西，如：Red Cross（红十字会） 。误The little boy is going to across the street.正The little boy is going to cross the street.析across 是副词或介词，但不能作动词用。cross, passcross 是指横过某地，如：He crossed the square.而 pass 则强调从某物体旁经过，如：I mailed some letters when I passed the post office. 8. crowd误The room soon was crowded by peop
11、le.正The room soon was crowded with people.析crowded 在这句话中应作为形容词，所以这句话不是被动语态而是系表结构，如：The room was crowded with books.9. cup误A silver glass was given to the winner.正A silver cup was given to the winner.误My mother was looking for the whisky cup.正My mother was looking for the whisky glass.析glass 一般指由玻璃制成
12、的器皿，而 cup 多指用陶瓷或金属制成的杯子，且 cup尤其用在奖杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子，如我们讲 I drink a glass of wine at supper.而不讲 I drink a cup of wine at supper.10. dance误Well invite you and your wife to a dance party.正Well invite you and your wife to a dancing party.正Well invite you and your wife to a dance.正Well invite you and your wife to a ball.（美语中常用 ball 作为舞会。 ）
