1、1中口复习篇章汉译英：Passage 1上海菜系是中国最年轻的地方菜系，通常被成为“本帮菜” ，有着 400 多年的历史。同中国其他菜系一样， “本帮菜”具有“色，香，味”三大要素。/上海菜的特点是注重调料的使用，食物的质地和菜的原汁原味。其中最著名的有特色点心“南翔小笼”和特色菜“松鼠鲑鱼” 。/“南翔小笼”是猪肉馅，个小味美，皮薄汁醇。 “松鼠鲑鱼”色泽黄亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而内肉嫩，汤汁酸甜适口。/在品尝过“松鼠鲑鱼”之后，我们常常惊讶于“松鼠”的形状，觉得在三大评价标准上在添加“形”这个标准才更合适。/译文：Shanghai cuisine, usually called Benban
2、g cuisine, is the youngest among the major regional cuisines in China, with a history of more than 400 years. Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Benbang cuisines takes “color, aroma and taste” as its essential quality elements./Shanghai cuisine emphasizes in particular the expert use of seaso
3、nings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors. Shanghai cuisine is famous for a special snack known as Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings and a special dish called “Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish”./Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings are small in size, with thin and transl
4、ucent wrappers, filled inside with ground pork and rich tasty soup. Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish is yellow-colored and squirrel-shaped, with a crispy skin and tender meat, all covered with a sweet and sour source./After tasting Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish, we are always amazed by the squirrel sha
5、pe and think that it is more appropriate to plus “appearance” as the fourth element.Passage 2美国人强调效率、竞争和独创性，而中国人则将严谨规划放在首位，鼓励团队成员之间的密切合作和无私奉献。/在美国学校，讨论享有至高无上的地位，讨论是课堂教学的主旋律；而中国教师喜欢讲课，喜欢考试，编写千篇一律的标准教案，培养整齐划一的高材生。/美国人的政治观，经济观以及社会观的核心是个人道德自治观。中国传统的思想体系是以儒家学说为基础的，这种思想强调整体和谐。/现在，中美联系比以往更加紧密，中国人学英语，玩保龄球，吃
6、肯德基，美国人学汉语，练功夫，吃北京烤鸭， 泰坦尼克驶进中国， 牡丹亭也在百老汇上演。/American people emphasize efficiency, competition and originality while Chinese people give priority to careful planning and encourage close cooperation and altruistic dedication among team members./In American schools, discussion is given top priority whi
7、le Chinese teachers like to lecture in class, and a lot of them are obsessed with examinations. They write consistent and standardized teaching plans, and are happy with bringing up identical and standardized talents./Central to American political, economic and social thought is the concept of indiv
8、idual moral autonomy. Traditional Chinese philosophical systems are based on Confucianism, which sings 2high praises for communal harmony./Nowadays, the relation of China and America become closer than ever. Chinese learn English, play bowling, enjoy KFC, while Americans learn Chinese, exercise Kung
9、 Fu, like Peking Duck. And Titanic sailed into China, while The Peony Pavilion has been performed on Broadway./Passage 3我们社会主义市场经济体制的建立和发展，要求我们改革和完善社会福利保障体制，从而对社会服务提出了更高的要求。/随着政府职能的转变，原来由政府包揽的许多社会服务工作，有相当一部分将逐步转移到社会团体和民间组织。/一方面，政府的宏观管理责任将会变得更加重大。另一方面，社会团体和民间组织有必要参与更多的社区服务工作。/这样就提出一个课题：政府和社会团体如何密切合作，
10、如何分工协作，更好地推进社区服务事业。/The establishment and development of chinas socialist market economy requires the reform and improvement in our social welfare and security system, which in turn places higher expectations on the work of community service./With the transformation of governmental functions, much o
11、f the work involving social services that was initially undertaken by the government will have to be transferred gradually to social groups and non-governmental organizations./On the one hand, the government will shoulder great responsibilities in its macro-management; and on the other hand, social
12、groups and non-governmental organizations will need to involve themselves more in community service./ Consequently, there has emerged an issue which concerns the way of a close collaboration and the division of responsibilities between the government and social groups, in order to further the develo
13、pment of community service.Passage 4春节期间的娱乐活动多种多样，丰富多彩。耍龙灯和舞狮子是春节期间的传统项目。还有一种至今仍受人欢迎的传统表演活动，叫踩高跷。/现在，随着生活水平的不断提高，人们采用了新的方式庆祝新年。但不管庆祝方式怎么变，春节的精华不会变，那就是为了祈求新年吉祥如意。/家家户户都会打扫的干干净净，门上都会贴上对联，人人都会穿上新衣裳，拿出最精美的食物，团聚在一起，互道吉利，表示祝贺。/最重要的是，春节是一个合家欢聚的日子，出门在外的人总要想方设法在除夕夜到来之前赶回家，吃上一年中最重要的一段饭“团圆饭” 。/The recreational
14、 activities during the Spring Festival are varied and colorful. The Dagon Dance and Lion Dance are traditionally performed during the festival. Walking on stilts is another traditional performance event popular in china. /Nowadays, with the improvement of living standards, people have taken up new w
15、ays to celebrate the New Year. No matter what change there might be, the highlights of the Spring Festival will remain the same: hoping for a propitious and happy new year./Each family will clean up the house and put up an antithetical couplet on each side of the door. Dressed up in their best, peop
16、le will get together, treat each other to the most delicious foods and 3exchange auspicious greetings./Most important of all, the Spring Festival is the occasion for a family reunion. People away from home for various reasons will always try their best to come back before the New Years Eve for the f
17、amily reunion dinner, the most important meal of the year./Passage 5香港中文大学，简称“中大” ，成立于 1963 年。中大是一所研究型综合大学，以“结合传统与现代，融汇中国与西方”为创校使命。/40 多年来，中大一直致力于弘扬中华传统文化，坚持双语教育，并推行独特的书院制度，在香港教育界卓然而立。中大校园占地 134 公顷，是世界上最美丽的校园之一。/中大的师生来自世界各地。有教职员工 5200 多人、近万名本科生、约 2000 多名研究生，其中约 2500 多人来自 45 个不同的国家和地区。/中大实行灵活的学分制，不仅有
18、助于培养有专有博的人才，而且还赋予学生更大的学习自主权。中大的多元教育有助于充分发挥每一个学生的潜能。/The Chinese University of Hong Kong, CUHK for short, was founded in 1963. It is a research-oriented comprehensive university with a mission to combine tradition with modernity and bring together China and the West./For more than 40 years, we have b
19、een distinguished from other local universities by virtue of our rich Chinese cultural heritage, bilingual education, and our unique college system. CUHKs 134-hectare campus is one of the most beautiful campuses in the world./CUHK s faculty and students come from all corners of the world. It has mor
20、e than 5200 staff members, approximately 10,000 undergraduates, and 2000 postgraduate students. Of these students, some 2,500 are from 45 countries and regions outside Hong Kong./The flexible credit unit system allows a balance between depth with breadth, and a high degree of free choice of students
21、 in designing their own learning. The multi-faceted education at CUHK helps to bring out the best in every student./ Passage 6中国国际出版集团是中国最大的、最权威的外语出版发行单位，其前身是中央人民政府新闻出版署国际新闻局。/我集团坚持“让中国走向世界，让世界了解中国”的出版原则，全心致力于中国外语教育与研究事业的发展，全心致力于中外文化交流事业的拓展。/为了加强对出版人才队伍的建设，为了满足日益增长的特殊出版业务的需要，我集团每年都要选派一些青年员工到国内外知名高等学
22、府和研究机构进修，/根据我们的发展战略，我们会将前进的步伐迈出国界走向世界，瞄准海外读者群，这一战略已取得了良好的开局。/The China International Publishing Group is the largest and the most authoritative foreign language publishing and distribution establishment, its predecessor being the International Press Bureau of the Central Peoples Government Press and
23、 Publication Administration./Adhering to the publishing philosophy of “assisting Chinas march to the world and facilitating worlds understanding of China”, the Group commits itself entirely to promoting foreign language education and research in China and advancing cultural exchanges between China a
24、nd foreign countries./In order to build up a strong team of publishing staff, as well as to meet the growing need of more 4technically demanding business, the Group makes it a rule that young staff be selected and sent to noted universities and research institutions, both domestic and overseas, for
25、further studies./As is clearly spelled out in our new development strategy, we will go beyond our national boundaries and wedge ourselves into the world circulation market, aiming at the international readership. Our initial efforts have been very rewarding./Passage 7改革开放 30 年来，随着中国逐渐崛起成为政治经济强国，海外人士
26、学习汉语的现象与日俱增，海外孔子学院也成了人们学习中国语言和中国文化的首选之地。/通过学习汉语，他们对这个和自己文化大相径庭的古老文明产生了浓厚的兴趣，而且有机会了解中国的哲学、艺术、医学、饮食文化，亲身体验这个文明古国的风采。/作为第二文化，中国文化也丰富了他们的生活和世界观。可以说，这个潮流方兴未艾。越来越多的学习汉语的美国人除了对中国菜肴赞不绝口之外，也在尝试针灸，草药和武术。/他们也看功夫电影，学习东方时装潮流和手工艺，不知不觉的在日常生活中谈及中国的点心，人参、银杏，乌龙茶等。目前在美国最热门的中国文化是道家学说和有着神秘色彩的风水学。As china is rising as a
27、political and economic world power, thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up, more and more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to a Confucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice learning Chinese language and Chinese culture./During the learning pr
28、ocess, the learners concurrently develop their interest in this ancient land, whose civilization is so vastly different from theirs. And the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy, art, architecture, medicine and catering culture and experience first-hand the splendors of this
29、 venerable civilization./As the second culture, Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners. This trend, so to speak, is gathering momentum and is there to stay. Apart from their love for Chinese cuisine, more and more American learners of Chinese language are turning to
30、Chinese acupuncture, herbal medicines, martial arts./They are also interested in kongfu films, fashions and crafts. Seemingly outlandish words such as dimsum, ginseng, gingko, oolong cha have crept into their everyday language. The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism, a
31、nd ancient school of thought, and fengshui, an ancient art of placement./Passage 8过去 10 年，海平面升高和森林看法的速度都是前所未有的；生态恶化、物种灭绝、臭氧层被破坏、温室效应、酸雨等一系列环境问题已经严重影响到人类的生存环境。/环境恶化造成的问题之一就是缺水。目前全世界 40%以上的人口，即 20 多亿人，面临缺水问题。据预测，未来 25 年全球人口将有 60 亿增长到 80 亿，环境保护面临更大的压力。/中国作为一个发展中国家，面临着发展经济和保护环境的双重任务。从国情出发，中国在全面推进现代化的过程中
32、，将环境保护视为一项基本国策。/众所周知，对生态环境和生物多样性的保护是环保工作的重点。我国野生动植物物种丰富，仅脊椎动物就有 6000 多种左右，高等植物 3 万多种。/5Sea level rose and forest were destroyed at an unprecedented rate during the last decade. A series of environmental problems such s the deterioration of ecosystem, the extinction of bio-species, damage to the ozon
33、e layer, the green-house effect, acid rain, have posed a serious threat to human living conditions./Environmental crisis leads to one of the serious problems, namely, water shortage. Presently, more than 40% of the worlds population, more than 2 billion people, now face water shortage. It is predict
34、ed hat with the global population expected to increase from six billion to eight billion over the next 25 years, more pressure on environmental protection stress is expected./As a developing country, china is confronted with the dual task of developing the economy and protecting the environment. Pro
35、ceeding from its national conditions, china has, in the process of promoting its overall modernization program, made environmental protection one of its basic state policies./It is known to all that protection of the ecological environment and biodiversity is the focal point of environmental protect
36、ion work. China is rich in wildlife species. There are about 6,000 vertebrates alone and 30,000 species of higher plants./Passage 9为了切实保护儿童权益，中国的立法、司法、政府各有关部门以及社会团体都建立了相应的机制，以监督、实施和促进保护儿童事业的健康发展。/中国政府动员社会采取多种方式关心和帮助残疾儿童的成长，大力弘扬残疾儿童自强不息的精神，倡导团结、友爱、互助的道德风尚。/中国民族素有“携幼” ， “爱幼”的传统美德，中国古语“有无有以及人之幼”了流传至今。/
37、我们要在全社会倡导树立“爱护儿童、教育儿童、为儿童做表率、为儿童办实事”的公民意识，并努力为儿童事业的发展创造良好的社会条件。/To effectively protect childrens rights and interests, chinas legislation, judicial and government departments concerned as well as non-governmental organizations have set up corresponding mechanisms to supervise, facilitate and promote
38、 the healthy development of the work on protecting children./The Chinese government has done a great deal to mobilize various circles in society to care for, in various manners , the development of disabled children, to greatly encourage the spirit of unceasing self-improvement among physically disa
39、dvantaged children and to advocate the valued social virtues of unity, friendship and mutual aid./The Chinese nation has long cultivated the traditional virtues of “bring up the young” and caring for the young”. An old Chinese saying that “love our children and love others children in the same manne
40、r” is still very popular./We should urge the society at large to raise the awareness of importance of “protecting and educating children, and setting a good example and doing practical thing for children”. We will spare no efforts to create favorable social conditions for the progress of child devel
41、opment programs./Passage 10武术在我国源远流长，是中华民族传统文化的瑰宝。我们知道，一个民族的优秀文化遗产，不仅仅属于一个民族，它会逐渐传播到世界而成为人类的共同财富。/6为了更好的推广武术运动，使其与奥运项目接轨，中国武协和国际武联做了大量的艰苦卓绝的工作。现在武术运动已被列为一种具有与保龄球运动和国际标准舞同等地位的奥运表演项目。/武术的蓬勃发展，除得益于其项目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武术大师功不可没。/老一代武术家在海外播种下了武术的种子，使武术这门既可以自卫又可以健身的运动很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武术大师已遍布世界各地，武术爱好者也与
42、日俱增。/Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can be traced back to ancient times. It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture. As we all know, the fine culture of a nation doesnt belong to the nation alone and it will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity./The Chinese Wushu Association
43、 and International Wushu Federation (IWUF) have been working very hard to popularize wushu and make the Chinese martial art closer to the Olympic Movement. Wushu was accepted to join bowling and international standard dance as an Olympic demonstration event./The booming of wushu is attributed not on
44、ly to the attractiveness of the sport but also to emigrant Chinese wushu masters over the years./Martial artists of the older generations have sown wushu seeds in foreign countries. Weshu, which can be used as self defense and can keep practitioners fit and strong, soom became popular on new lands.
45、Today sperb wushu masters are active all over the world, and amateurs are on the increase with each passing day.Passage 11我赞同许多东亚学者的观点，东方文明可以医治盛行于西方世界的一些顽疾。西方世界个人自由主义泛滥导致了极端个人主义、性关系混乱以及过度暴力行为，对此我们不能视而不见。/相反，东方社会的自我约束力，集体责任感以及温厚儒雅的传统倒可以消除西方社会的许多恶疾。/在这个信息时代，世界已缩小成一个地球村。这个地球村里，不再有什么泾渭分明的东方世界和西方世界，我们是生活
46、在同一个社区里的邻里。/因此，我们彼此之间无须冲突。我们之间的关系应该是一种友好合作，平等互补的关系。我们应该相互理解，相互学习，和睦共处。/I share the same view with many East Asian scholars that the Oriental civilization can heal some of the prevailing, stubborn Western ills. We should not turn a blind eye to the fact that individual freedom has gone overboard in t
47、he West, resulting in extreme individualism, sexual promiscuity and excessive use of violence./By contrast, self-discipline, corporate responsibility and the pacific tradition of East Asia can offset many Western vices./At this age of information, the world has shrunk as a global village in which th
48、ere will be no clear-cut worlds of the East and the West any more, but a world of one community with neighboring families./Therefore, we do not necessarily have to come into clash with each other. Our relationship is one of friendly cooperation, equality and mutual complementarity and therefore, we
49、should understand and learn from each other, and live in harmony./7Passage 12国际贸易的基本原则是平等互利，各国追求各自的利益是正常的，出现一些摩擦和纠纷也是不可避免的。关键要以冷静而明智的态度正确对待和处理摩擦和纠纷。/就中美贸易而言，互利共赢的经贸关系给两国人民带来了实实在在的经济利益。今天，美国在华投资设立的企业已超过 4 万家，投资额达 450 亿美元。/美国 500 强企业有 400 多家进入中国，大多数企业获利丰厚。与此同时，在美国市场上，许多中国商品受到美国消费者的青睐。中国在美国投资设立的企业已超过 1000 家。/我们可以预见，中美贸易摩擦将随着经贸关系的深化而凸显，但是中美经贸合作的总体发展是不可逆转的。主要有两个原因，其一：中美贸易具有很大互补性。其二：中国产品具有明显的劳动力成本优势。/Equality and mutual benefit is the fundamental principle of international trade. Therefore, it i
