1、名词的性法语名词的性In French, a noun is always feminine or masculine. It is introduced by a determiner, which usually indicates the gender of the noun. 1. people（人）When a noun refers to a person, the gender is determined by the personssex (although some exceptions do exist). In general, the feminine form of
2、the noun is formed by adding an -e to the masculine noun. Note that the addition of the -e changes the pronunciation in some words: （通常情况阴性名词由在阳性名词后加-e 形成）Joe-Bob est tudiant, Tammy est aussi tudiante. Joe-Bob is a student, Tammy is a student. Tex est ami avec Joe-Bob, Tammy est aussi amie avec Joe-
3、Bob.Tex is Joe-Bobs friend, Tammy is also Joe-Bobs friend. There are cases when the feminine form of the noun changes more drastically. （一些较复杂变化）Edouard: Je suis serveur. Tammy: Je ne suis pas serveuse. Edouard: Im a waiter. Tammy: Im not a waiter. Trey: Je suis musicien. Tammy: Je ne suis pas music
4、ienne.Trey: Im a musician. Tammy: Im not a musician. Tex: Je suis un sducteur. Bette: Je suis une sductrice.Tex: Im a womanizer. Bette: Im a seductress.Joe-Bob: Pour le travail, je ne suis pas champion.Fiona: Cest moi qui suis championne. Joe-Bob: Im not a champion at working. Fiona: Im the one who
5、is a champion. Tex: Je suis le copain de Tammy. Tammy: Je suis la copine de Tex.Tex: Im Tammys pal. Tammy: Im Texs pal. In general, when the masculine noun ends in -e, the feminine noun remains unchanged. Only the determiner or the context indicates if it is a feminine or masculine noun. Tex et Rita
6、 sont frre et soeur, mais ils ont des mtiers tout fait diffrents.Tex and Rita are brother and sister, but they have completely different jobs. Tex est pote. Rita est secrtaire.Tex is a poet. Rita is a secretary. Tex nest s?rement pas secrtaire et Rita nest pas pote non plus.Tex is certainly not a se
7、cretary and Rita is not a poet either. 2. animals（动物）The gender of animals is often arbitrary. Some animals are always masculine (un escargot, a snail), others are feminine (la fourmi, ant). However, for some animals there are irregular masculine and feminine forms.（一些动物总为阳性(un escargot)，一些动物总为阴性(la
8、 fourmi),有一些动物的不规则阳性和阴性形式）le chat / la chatte, catle chien / la chienne, dogle coq / la poule, chicken (rooster / hen)le boeuf, le taureau / la vache, ox / bull / cow 3. objects and ideas（对象名词与抽象名词）The gender of nouns referring to things and abstractions is arbitrary. However, it can often be inferr
9、ed from the ending of the word.Typically, words ending in -age, -ment, -eau, -phone, -scope, -isme are masculine and those ending in -tion, -sion, -t, -ette, -ance, -ence, -ie, -ure, -ode/-ade/-ude are feminine. （-age,-ment, -eau, -phone, -scope, -isme 为阳性名词，-tion, -sion, -t, -ette, -ance, -ence, -i
10、e, -ure, -ode/-ade/-ude为阴性名词）masculine endings（阳性） feminine endings（阴性）le fromage (cheese) la salade (salad, lettuce) le monument (monument) la fourchette (fork) le sentiment (feeling) la tlvision (television) le couteau (knife) la culture (culture) le tlphone (telephone) la situation (situation) le
11、 microscope (microscope) la socit (society) le romantisme (romanticism) la diffrence (difference) la philosophie (philosophy) 对话Listen to the dialogue. Feminine nouns are in blue, masculine in black. Tammy prsente Tex pour la premire fois Bette et Fiona.Tammy introduces Tex for the first time to Bet
12、te and Fiona.Tammy: Tex est un ami de Lyon. Cest un tuteur maintenant! Tex, la minette cest mon amie Bette, et la fourmi cest ma copine Fiona. Bette et Fiona sont tudiantes. Tammy: Tex is a friend from Lyon. He is a tutor now! Tex, the kitty is my friend Bette and the ant is my pal Fiona. Bette and
13、Fiona are students. Bette: Enchante, Tex! Jadore la culture fran?aise. Bette: Nice to meet you, Tex. I adore French culture. Tex: Ah, donc tu, . . . tu aimes lexistentialisme? Tex: Ah, so you, . . . you like existentialism? Bette: Euh, oui, bien s?r, Tex.Bette: Uh, yes, of course, Tex.练习Fill in the
14、blank with le (masculine) or la (feminine).1. Tex: _ racisme est abominable.2. Corey: _ tlescope est super.3. Rita: Je suis _ soeur de Tex.4. Joe-Bob: _ courage est essentiel.5. Paw-Paw: Je suis _ grand-pre de Tex.6. Corey:_ batiment (builiding) est impressionant.7. Tammy: _ chateau est grand.8. Tex: _ tornade est dangereuse.9. Fiona: _ pollution est terrible.10. Tammy: Bette, _ minette est mchante!11. Tammy adore _ nature.12. Bette: _ beaut est importante.
